【導(dǎo)讀】usingHEC-RAS使用港口進入管制-隨機存取存儲器模擬水面輪廓。–威斯康星州，麥迪遜的副產(chǎn)品公司的培養(yǎng)基地。研發(fā)了用于水力學(xué)，水文學(xué)，地下水和環(huán)境工程學(xué)區(qū)域的電腦軟件。你需要知道什么？建模做的越多越好，但是要有先決條件。課程著重于港口進入管制-隨機存取存儲器作為一種水力建模的工具。學(xué)會認知建模情況下的潛在問題。估算穩(wěn)定和不穩(wěn)定流動情況下的水面輪廓。模擬復(fù)雜的橋橋梁與管道。估算近乎緊急的，臨界的和混合水流。模擬帶有內(nèi)河堰和泄洪口的洪水控制建筑物。模擬多樣的河流連接系統(tǒng)和循環(huán)連接系統(tǒng)。_Project-Mainfile程序－主要文件。_Plan-Geometric―plan‖layout計劃－幾何的計劃布局。Select―NewProject‖fromtheFileMenu從文件菜單中選擇―NewProject‖（新程序）

　　

【正文】 up HECRAS, select File | Open Project. HECRAS will then display the Open dialog box. 在啟動 HECRAS后，選擇 File | Open Project（ 文件 /開始文件）。 HECRAS將會顯示出對話框。 Select the project labeled Lesson 1: Badger Mill Creek from the HECRAS Training\SNET\Lesson 1\initial subdirectory. This will open the project for this lesson. 在 HECRAS Training\SNET\Lesson 1\initial子目錄中選擇標明 Lesson 1:Badger Mill Creek 的方案。將打開本課的方案。 Defining River Geometry 定義河流的幾何圖形 From the main program window, select Edit | Geometric Data, or click on the third button from the left (Edit/Enter geometric data button) as shown in Figure . This will bring up the Geometric Data editor as shown in Figure . 在主程序窗口中選擇 Edit | Geometric Data（ 編輯 /幾何數(shù)據(jù)），或是如圖 邊第三個按紐（ Edit/Enter geometric data按紐）。這將得出如圖 幾何數(shù)據(jù) 編輯器。 38 Modeling a Basic River 13 模擬一個基本河流 13 Figure Geometric Data Editor Icon on Main HECRAS Window 圖 在 HECRAS主窗口中的幾何數(shù)據(jù)編輯器的圖標 Figure Geometric Data Editor 圖 幾何數(shù)據(jù)編輯器 Importing Georeferenced Background Image 輸入以土地為參考的背景圖象 To import a background image, click the Add/Edit background pictures for the schematic button from the Geometric Data editor as shown in Figure . 點擊 Geometric Data編輯中 Add/Edit background pictures for the schematic按紐，如圖 。 . 17 39 14 HECRAS Figure Add/Edit background picture for the schematic button 圖 增加 /編輯示意背景圖片按紐 HECRAS will then display the Background Pictures on Schematic dialog as shown in Figure . Next click the button labeled Add, and select the image in the Lesson 1\initial subdirectory and click Open. After you open the image, HECRAS will prompt you to find out if you want to extend the schematic extents to match the extents of the image. Click Yes to the message. HECRAS 顯示如圖 Background Pictures on Schematic對話框，然后點擊Add按紐，并在 Lesson 1\initial子目錄中選擇 ，點擊 Open。在打開圖象后， HECRAS將提醒你找出是否想要延伸示意圖來與圖像的長度相匹配。在這個信息上點擊 Yes Figure Background Pictures on Schematic dialog 圖 示意圖背景圖片對話框 Click Close on the Background Pictures on Schematic dialog and go back to the Geometric Data Editor. The image is now imported as the background, but you can’t see anything because it is zoomed in too close to the image. From the Geometric Data Editor, select View | Full Plot. Now you can see the plete background image in the Geometric Data Editor as shown in Figure . 在示意對話框的背景圖片中點擊 Close，退回到幾何數(shù)據(jù)編輯器。此圖片是被當作背景輸入其中的，但是什么也看不見，因為圖象電子放大，離圖象太近了。從幾何數(shù)據(jù)編輯器中選擇 View | Full Plot（視圖 /全屏顯示）?？梢钥匆娙鐖D 部的背景圖象。 40 Modeling a Basic River 15 模擬一個基本的河流 15 Figure Geometric Data Editor with full plot view of the background image 圖 全屏顯示背景圖象的幾何數(shù)據(jù)編輯器 In the Geometric Data Editor, zoom into the area where you see the red and green dots on the map in the lower left corner, as shown in Figure . You can either right click and select Zoom In from the popup menu, or select View | Zoom In. Using the magnifying glass cursor, draw a window around the area of study. This is the area that we will be modeling in this lesson. 在幾何數(shù)據(jù)編輯器中，圖象電子放大的地方，在圖上的左下方可以看見紅色和綠色點，如圖 。你可以右擊并在彈出的菜單中選擇 Zoom In（ 放大），或是選擇 View | Zoom In（視圖 /放大）。 使用放大鏡指針，畫出需要研究的區(qū)域。我們會在本課上模擬這個區(qū)域。 41 16 HECRAS 18 Figure Geometric Data Editor zoomed into the area that will be modeled in this lesson 圖 幾何數(shù)據(jù)編輯器放大到這課要模擬的區(qū)域 Once you have zoomed into the area of study, select View | Set Schematic Plot Extents. HECRAS will then display the Geometry Extents dialog box as shown in Figure . Select Set to Current View. This will inform HECRAS to set the display limits to the area that you have zoomed into. This information will be saved, so that the next time you open this model in HECRAS, it will show the current display extents. 一旦已經(jīng)放大到了研究區(qū)域 ， 選擇 View | Set Schematic Plot Extents 。 HECRAS顯示出如圖 。選擇 Set to Current View。這提醒HECRAS顯示已經(jīng)放大的區(qū)域局限。此信息將被保留，所以下次你在 HECRAS中打開此模式時，將會顯示普通視圖。 Figure Geometry Extents dialog box allows you to set the limits that HECRAS will display 圖 幾何區(qū)域?qū)υ捒蛟试S設(shè)置 HECRAS將要顯示的局限區(qū)域。 In the georeferenced image that we imported, we had previously shifted the reference coordinates so that the lower left reference point was at 0,0. However, when importing other georeferenced images, such as orthophotos that use state plane coordinates or UTM coordinates, the lower left coordinate will be in the millions for X,Y. HECRAS will not realize that the image coordinates start at such a high value. Therefore, you will have to manually set the lower left coordinates using the View | Set Schematic Plot Extents mand as we just previously did. 在我們輸入的以地理意義上的圖象中，我們先前跳過參考物，因此左邊的參考點是0,0。但是，輸入其他的以地理意義上的圖象比如使用國家平面坐標系統(tǒng)；或是 UTM坐標，左下方坐標將有百萬個 X,Y， HECRAS不會意識到圖象坐標從高值開始。因此，你必須人為地使用 View | Set Schematic Plot Extents命令設(shè)置左邊坐標，就如我們先前所做的那樣。 Creating the River Reach 創(chuàng)建河流流程 Next we will create a river reach in the Geometric Data editor. To create a river reach, click the River Reach button and connect the dots on the background image. The red dots will bee cross sections and the green dots are guides to help you draw the river schematic. Remember to draw the river reach in a downstream direction. In this example the river flows from north to south. Therefore, you need to start drawing the river reach from the red dot in the upper right hand corner. 接下來我們在幾何數(shù)據(jù)編輯器上創(chuàng)建一個河流流程。點擊 River Reach按紐并且連接背景圖象的斑點。紅色斑點開始變?yōu)闄M截面，綠色斑點指引我們畫出河流概況。記得在下游方向畫出河流流程。此例中河流從北流向南，因此必須在右上角紅色斑點處開始畫出河流流程。 19 Note: There are two things that you should be aware of when creating a river reach. First, to undo the last point you created, right click the mouse. Secondly, to finalize the river reach, doubleclick the last point of the river reach. 注釋 ：在創(chuàng)建一個河流流程的時候有兩點值得注意。首先，取消你所選擇的最終點，單擊右鍵。其次，最終確定河流流程，需要雙擊河流流程的最終點。 After you choose the last point for the river reach, HECRAS will prompt you to name the River and the Reach. Enter Badger Mill Cr.