【正文】 EG: My car is bigger than Brian39。s [car}. My toes are longer than Brian39。s [toes}.（2）比較從句可以省略賓語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)甚至整個(gè)從句，只要邏輯意思合理。EG: Whereas I drink 2 quarts of milk a day, my friend drinks 3 [quarts}.I walk faster than Brian [walks}.I walk as fast now as [I walked] when I was younger.（3）有些句子為了不造成歧義，需要添加動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，以保持邏輯含義鮮明。EG: Visual eats more carrots than donuts. (donuts必須為賓語(yǔ)才能省略)Ambiguous: I like cheese more than Yvette. {Yvette could be subject or object.}Right: I like cheese more than Yvette DOES. (=than Yvette likes cheese)Right: I like cheese more than I DO Yvette. (= than I like Yvette)總結(jié)：主語(yǔ)比較，新的主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞（或省略動(dòng)詞）；介賓比較、賓語(yǔ)比較，直接放介賓和賓語(yǔ)即可。（四）比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)OG 431．以ly結(jié)尾的副詞的比較級(jí)是more +該副詞，不要改成er形式EG: Adam runs more quickly than Jones.（沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，所以Jones后面省略does）2．比較級(jí)中一定要有一個(gè)than一個(gè)重要例子：A cat cannot catch a wildebeest as fast as a cheetah. 錯(cuò)（有歧義）A cat cannot catch a wildebeest that run as fast as a cheetah. (賓語(yǔ)的奔跑速度比較)A cat cannot catch a wildebeest as fast as it catch a cheetah. (同一主語(yǔ)抓捕速度比較)A cat cannot catch a wildebeest as fast as a cheetah can. (不同主語(yǔ)抓w速度比較，補(bǔ)出情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can)12th Edition: 9, 20, 32, 43, 76, 82, 89, 97, 99, 100, D35, D37Verbal Review: 10, 23, 31, 33, 36, 42, 45, 68, 92OR 2nd Edition: 13,25,32,41, 44, 66, 85九、其他一些語(yǔ)法(Idioms)（零）習(xí)語(yǔ)amp。固定搭配（原書129~161打?。ㄒ唬┻B詞1．一個(gè)正確的句子至少有一個(gè)主句：有完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，且不以because or if結(jié)尾；逗號(hào)不足以連接兩個(gè)完整句子。2．a(chǎn)nd 是GMAT 考試總最重要的連詞，它可以連接多個(gè)名詞，或多個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)相同成分或者句子，注意and連接的前后成分一定要是并列的。And的兩種用法：1）連接一系列的名詞。（apples, grapes, and pears）2)連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句（意味著2個(gè)主語(yǔ)2個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，且并列）and前面如果有逗號(hào)，則后面必有主語(yǔ)！或者and 是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的2個(gè)動(dòng)作，則不需要逗號(hào)，直接用and連接。Wrong: Earl walked to school, AND later ate his lunch.Right: Earl walked to school ，AND HE later ate his lunch.3．一次只能用一個(gè)連詞，如since/because, so不能同時(shí)用， although, yet不能同時(shí)用。4．并列連詞：and, but, or, for, nor, yet, so；從屬連詞，although, because, before, after, since,when, if , unless, that, though, while（二）標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào):逗號(hào)，分號(hào)，破折號(hào)，冒號(hào)1．逗號(hào)(1) 次要內(nèi)容會(huì)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，但是主要內(nèi)容和主句一脈相承。（插入語(yǔ)）(2) 一個(gè)主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞間的and不用逗號(hào)。EG: Wrong: Earl walked to school, AND later ate his lunch.Right: Earl walked to school AND later ate his lunch.(3) 逗號(hào)不能連接兩個(gè)完整的句子。（老生常談）2．分號(hào)(1) 分號(hào)用以連接兩個(gè)緊密相關(guān)的句子，這兩個(gè)句子又是分別相對(duì)完整的句子。（說(shuō)是“相對(duì)”，是因?yàn)殡m然語(yǔ)法上都能單獨(dú)成句，但是邏輯意思上第二句單獨(dú)出來(lái)的話就說(shuō)不通）EG: Andrew and Lisa are inseparable。 they do everything together.(2) 用分號(hào)連接的兩句應(yīng)該是獨(dú)立、平衡的。如果原句有從屬關(guān)系，那么應(yīng)該保留比如原句是因果關(guān)系，則不用分號(hào)而用because。(3) 分號(hào)后經(jīng)常跟一些鏈接副詞（注意這些詞不是真正的連詞，不能用逗號(hào)替代分號(hào)），如however, therefore, in addition, then.EG: Wrong: Andrew and Lisa are inseparable, THEREFORE, we never see them apart.Right: Andrew and Lisa are inseparable。 THEREFORE, we never see them apart.(4) 分號(hào)還有個(gè)主要的用法：用來(lái)隔開(kāi)帶逗號(hào)的一串名詞。EG: Wrong: I listen to Earth, Wind amp。 Fire, Wow, Owls, and Blood, Sweat amp。 Tears.Right: I listen to Earth, Wind amp。 Fire。 Wow, Owls。 and Blood, Sweat amp。 Tears.3．冒號(hào)(1) 冒號(hào)是對(duì)前面提出的信息起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，可以在冒號(hào)后面加namely或者that is。(2) 冒號(hào)前的分句必須能夠單獨(dú)成句，冒號(hào)后的則不一定。(3) 緊挨著冒號(hào)前的成分與冒號(hào)后的解釋成分越近越好Worse: Three factors affect the rate of a reaction: concentration, surface area, and temperature.Right: The rate of a reaction is affected by three factors: concentration, surface area, andtemperature.(4) 冒號(hào)后可以加入一個(gè)主句，用以解釋冒號(hào)前的內(nèi)容。EG: On January 1, 2000, the national mood was pletely different from what it would bee just a few years later: at the turn of the century, given a seemingly unstoppable stock market and a seemingly peaceful world, the country was content.4．破折號(hào)(1) 破折號(hào)的用法很富有彈性，既可以作強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，也能充當(dāng)冒號(hào)，分號(hào)。(2) 有時(shí)候?yàn)榱送怀鲋饕獌?nèi)容或者解釋時(shí)，破折號(hào)更佳。EG: My three best friendsDanny, Jimmy, and Joeyand I went skiing. (用逗號(hào)意思就變7個(gè)人了)(3) 破折號(hào)還可以重復(fù)或者解釋前半句的內(nèi)容。但又和冒號(hào)不同，破折號(hào)不一定立刻放在被解釋內(nèi)容之后。EG: PostMBA pensation for investment bankers tends to surge far ahead of that formanagement consultantsby tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of dollars a year.(4) 用的比較廣泛，破折號(hào)有雙的，也有單的。（三）量詞1．可數(shù)的量詞：few、number、numerous2．不可數(shù)的量詞：lesss、amount、great、least3．既可跟可數(shù)名詞又可跟不可數(shù)名詞的量詞：more, most, enough, all 但是less只能不可數(shù)4．留意單位詞：如moneydollar, volumegallons, 這些單位詞可用復(fù)數(shù)，但都是修飾不可數(shù)名詞的Right: We have LESS THAN twenty dollars.(這里dollars是復(fù)數(shù)，但是要用不可數(shù)的less than來(lái)修飾)5．the number of 修飾單數(shù)，a number of 修飾復(fù)數(shù)，The numbers of 一般都是錯(cuò)的如果numbers要做比較，一般用greater than, 而不是more thanWrong:The rare Montauk beaked griffin is not extinct。 its NUMBERS are now sus pected to be much MORE than before.? Right:The rare Montauk beaked griffin is not extinct。 its NUMBERS are now sus pected to be much GREATER than before.6．increase和decrease表達(dá)同一事物的變化；Greater和less則是比較不同事物。Right: The price of silver INCREASED by ten dollars.Right: The price of silver is five dollars GREATER than the price of copper.同時(shí)，很重要的一點(diǎn)！避免意思重復(fù)：increase不能和rise/rising/risen／growing/grwth一起用！decrease不能和fall/fell一起用。Wrong: The price of silver FELL by a more than 35% DECREASE. Right: The price of silver DECREASED by more than 35%. Right: The price of silver FELL by more than 35%.7．between形容兩個(gè)物品；among形容三個(gè)物品12th Edition: 4, 33, 34, 35, 44, 50, 51, 59, 64, 73, 75, 96, 106, 117, 118, 120, D38, D45Verbal Review: 5, 9,14,17,20,26,43,48,50,54,58,69,75,89,90,109,113OR 2nd Edition: 6, 12, 23, 28, 47, 73, 107, 113 ，語(yǔ)氣，主被動(dòng) 十、簡(jiǎn)潔和平行（高階）（一）簡(jiǎn)潔：一些具體的形式: Vadj/adv.n1．動(dòng)詞形式優(yōu)于名詞：即動(dòng)詞形式優(yōu)于“be/make ＋名詞”形式EG: His conception of money was a goal 差. He conceived of money as a goal好His example was an influence on me. 差His example influenced They made a reference to the strike. 差 They referred to the 2．that 從句優(yōu)于一堆名詞性修飾語(yǔ)，常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)的詞包括：hypothesis, idea, suggestion, belief, discovery, evidence, indication, and report.EG: The hypothesis about the position of the universe as largely dark energy seems strange. The hypothesis that the universe is largely posed of dark energy seems strange.3．動(dòng)詞形式優(yōu)于形容詞形式The artist was influential to the movement. The artist influenced the movement.4．形容形式優(yōu)于名詞形式She has the ability to juggle. She is able to juggle.5．副詞形式優(yōu)于介詞短語(yǔ)Wordy: Oil prices have fallen, but prices at the gasoline pump have not fallen TO ACOMPARABLE EXTENT.Better: Oil prices have fallen, but prices at the gasoline pump have not fallen COMPARA