【正文】 優(yōu)惠tariffincentives。preferentialtarifftreatment規(guī)范行為toregularize(orstandardize)...behavior規(guī)模效益economiesofscale國計民生nationalinterestandpeople’slivelihood國家對個人其他支出othergovernmentoutlaystoindividuals國家風險countryrisk國際分工internationaldivisionoflabor國際收支balanceofpayments國有獨資商業(yè)銀行whollystateownedmercialbanks國有經濟（部門）thestateowned(orpublic)sector國有企業(yè)stateownedenterprises(SOEs)國有制stateownership國有資產流失erosionofstateassets國債回購governmentsecuritiesrepurchase國債一級自營商primaryunderwritersofgovernmentsecurities過度競爭excessivepetition過度膨脹excessiveexpansion過熱跡象signsofoverheatingＨ合理預期rationalexpectation核心資本corecapital合資企業(yè)jointventureenterprises紅利dividend宏觀經濟運營良好soundmacroeconomicperformance宏觀經濟基本狀況macroeconomicfundamentals宏觀調控macroeconomicmanagement(oradjustment)宏觀調控目標macroeconomicobjectives(ortargets)壞賬baddebt還本付息debtservice換匯成本unitexportcost。localcurrencycostofexportearnings匯兌在途fundsinfloat匯兌支出advancepaymentofremittancebythebeneficiary’sbank匯率并軌unificationofexchangerates活期存款demanddeposits匯率失調exchangeratemisalignment混合所有制diversified(mixed)ownership貨幣政策態(tài)勢monetarypolicystance貨款拖欠overdueobligationstosuppliers　Ｊ基本建設投資investmentininfrastructure基本經濟要素economicfundamentals基本適度broadlyappropriate基準利率benchmarkinterestrate機關團體存款depositsofnonprofitinstitutions機會成本opportunitycost激勵機制incentivemechanism積壓嚴重heavystockpile。excessiveinventory擠提存款runonbanks擠占挪用unwarranteddiversionof(financial)resources(fromdesignateduses)技改投資investmentintechnologicalupgrading技術密集型產品technologyintensiveproduct計劃單列市municipalitieswithindependentplanningstatus計劃經濟plannedeconomy集體經濟thecollectivesector加大結構調整力度tointensifystructuraladjustment加工貿易processingtrade加快態(tài)勢acceleratingtrend加強稅收征管稽查toenhancetaxadministration加權價weightedaverageprice價格放開priceliberalization價格形成機制pricingmechanism減虧toreducelosses簡化手續(xù)tocutredtape。tosimplify(streamline)procedures交投活躍brisktrading繳存準備金todepositrequiredreserves結構扭曲structuraldistortion結構失調structuralimbalance結構性矛盾突出acutestructuralimbalance結構優(yōu)化structuralimprovement(optimization)結匯、售匯saleandpurchaseofforeignexchange金融脆弱financialfragility金融動蕩financialturbulence金融風波financialdisturbance金融恐慌financialpanic金融危機financialcrisis金融壓抑financialrepression金融衍生物financialderivatives金融詐騙financialfraud緊縮銀根totightenmonetarypolicy緊縮政策austeritypolicies。tightfinancialpolicies經常賬戶可兌換currentaccountconvertibility經濟特區(qū)specialeconomiczones(SEZs)經濟體制改革economicreform經濟增長方式的轉變changeinthemainsourceofeconomicgrowth(frominvestmentexpansiontoefficiencygains)經濟增長減速economicslowdown。moderationineconomicgrowth經濟制裁economicsanction經營自主權autonomyinmanagement景氣回升recoveryinbusinessactivity境外投資overseasinvestment競爭加劇intensifyingpetition局部性金融風波localized(isolated)financialdisturbance?。碎_辦人民幣業(yè)務toengageinRMBbusiness可維持（可持續(xù)）經濟增長sustainableeconomicgrowth可變成本variablecost可自由兌換貨幣freelyconvertiblecurrency控制現金投放controlcurrencyissuance扣除物價因素inrealterms。oninflationadjustedbasis庫存產品inventory跨國銀行業(yè)務crossborderbanking跨年度采購crossyearprocurement會計準則accountingstandardＬ來料加工processingofimportedmaterialsforexport離岸銀行業(yè)務offshorebanking(business)理順外貿體制torationalizeforeigntraderegime利率杠桿的調節(jié)作用theroleofinterestratesinresourceallocation利潤驅動profitdriven利息回收率interestcollectionratio聯行清算interbanksettlement連鎖企業(yè)franchise(businesses)。chainbusinesses良性循環(huán)virtuouscycle兩極分化growinginedisparity。polarizationininedistribution零售物價指數retailpriceindex(RPI)流動性比例liquidityratio流動資產周轉率／流通速度velocityofliquidassets流動資金貸款workingcapitalloans流通體制distributionsystem流通網絡distributionnetwork留購（租賃期滿時承租人可購買租賃物）hirepurchase壟斷行業(yè)monopolizedindustry(sector)亂集資irregular(illegal)fundraising亂收費irregular(illegal)charges亂攤派unjustified(arbitrary)leviesＭ買方市場buyer’smarket賣方市場seller’smarket賣出回購證券matchedsaleofrepo貿易差額tradebalance民間信用noninstitutionalizedcredit免二減三exemptionofinetaxforthefirsttwoyearsofmakingprofitand50%taxreductionforthefollowingthreeyears明補explicitsubsidy明虧explicitloss名牌產品brandproducts母國（請見東道國）homecountryＮ內部控制internalcontrol內部審計internalaudit內地與香港themainlandandHongKong內債domesticdebt扭虧為盈toturnalossmakingenterpriseintoaprofitableone扭曲金融分配distortedallocationoffinancialresources農副產品采購支出outlaysforagriculturalprocurement農村信用社ruralcreditcooperatives(RCCs)Ｐ泡沫效應bubbleeffect泡沫經濟bubbleeconomy培育新的經濟增長點totapnewsourcesofeconomicgrowth片面追求發(fā)展速度excessivepursuitofgrowth平衡發(fā)展balanceddevelopment瓶頸制約bottleneck(constraints)平穩(wěn)回升steadyrecovery鋪底流動資金initial(startup)workingcapital普遍回升broadbasedrecovery配套改革conitant(supporting)reforms配套人民幣資金localcurr