【正文】 blacksmith（鐵匠）. And a fourth, William the brown haired. In conversation, people might refer　to the four Williams as William John’s son, William hill, William smith, and William brown.It was 300 or 400 years before the extra （ 附加的） names gradually developed into last names, orsurnames. They were passed on from generation to generation. By the 1300s, Robert, the son of Williamsmith, had the name Robert smith, even if he was not a blacksmith like his father. As the last name becamewidely accepted, the first letter was capitalized, as in Robert Smith. By the 15th century, most people of theupper and middle classes had surnames.Many surnames were based on fatherson relations. The “son of” part was added to the father’s firstname, like Johnson, meaning John’s son. Sometimes it was shortened to just “s”, as in Jones or Evans.Surnames like Hill described the place where a person lived. They are the most mon type of surname. A　third kind of surname was based on a person’s job. Forester was someone who looked after the forest. In the　Middle Ages, occupation names such as Baker, Carpenter, and Miller became mon. The fourth kind of　surname was nickname（綽號(hào)）. A man whose surname was Bear might be as fierce as a bear.Have you ever wondered why some surnames are so mon? The most mon surname in theEnglish language is Smith. Being able to make metals（金屬）into tools was an important skill in the MiddleAges, and many people were trained as blacksmiths. The most mon American surnames are Smith,Johnson, William and Brown.61. Where do many American names e from?62. When did people find a way to describe each person exactly?63. How long did it take for extra names to develop into last names?64. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?65. Why were many people trained blacksmith in the Middle Ages?書面表達(dá)（共15 分）九、文段表達(dá)（15 分）66. 從下面兩個(gè)題目中任選一題，根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50 詞的文段寫作。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語僅供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫出你的校名和姓名。題目①假如你是李華，正在美國參加一個(gè)交換生項(xiàng)目。今天下午你應(yīng)邀和朋友Jim 一家外出，請(qǐng)用英語給接待家庭的媽媽Mrs. Smith 寫一個(gè)留言條，告訴她你們要去哪里，去做什么，以及你回家的時(shí)間和方式。提示詞語：park, movie theater, go boating, watch a movie提示問題：Where are you going?What are you going to do?When and how will you get home?Dear Mrs. Smith,My friend Jim asks me to go out with his family this ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Li Hua題目②寬容是一種美德。人與人之間難免會(huì)有磕磕絆絆。面對(duì)矛盾，多一份包容和諒解，生活就會(huì)多一縷陽光。某英文網(wǎng)站正在開展以“包容、諒解”為主題的征文活動(dòng)。假如你是李華，請(qǐng)用英語寫一篇短文投稿，談?wù)勆钪心阍徦说囊淮谓?jīng)歷，主要內(nèi)容包括：你們之間發(fā)生了什么，你為什么原諒對(duì)方，以及原諒對(duì)方之后的感受。提示詞語：hurt, realize, forgive（原諒）, happy提示問題：What happened between you and him/her?Why did you decide to forgive him/her?How did you feel after forgiving him/her?I still remember what happened between______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第13頁（共13頁）