【正文】 n. 等b.（及物）動詞+副詞：bring about, carry out, find out, make out, put away, put off, take up, turn down, turn out, wipe out等c. 動詞+副詞 +介詞：do away with, face up to, give into ,look down upon, make up with等d. 動詞+名詞+介詞：catch sight of, keep on eye on, make a fool of , pay attention to , put an end to , set fire/light to , take notice of 等4) 帶復(fù)合賓語的動詞在改為被動語態(tài)時，一般把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語改為主語，賓語補足語保留在謂語后面。We always keep the classroom clean.(比較：The classroom is always kept clean.)5)主動形式表示被動意義的詞。常見的有：，這時動名詞同句中的主語有動賓關(guān)系。The children need looking after.The windows wants /requires repairing.This point deserves mentioning. （如：well, easily等）， 有些可不加，如：act, clean, cut, draw, lock, open, play, read, sell, shut, strike, wash, write 等。The cloth washes/ sells well.The door won’t shut.The play won’t act.c. 形容詞worth后直接加動名詞時，如：The book is worth reading twice.某些作表語的形容詞后，用不定式主動形式表示被動意義。The fish is not fit to eat.d. 某些感官動詞（如：feel, look, prove, smell , sound, taste, wear等） 與形容詞連用時：The water feels very cold.The dish tastes delicious.6) 以下動詞構(gòu)成的句子不能改為被動句：a. 動詞leave, enter, reach 等的賓語是表示處所、地點（國家、團體，組織、軍隊）等。b. 表示狀態(tài)的動詞，如：bee, benefit, cost, contain, equal, fit, fail, have, lack, last, mean, suit, look like等。c. 下列不及物動詞及短語：appear, belong to , break out, die, happen, lie, occur, rise, take place, agree with, belong to, consist of , have on, keep up with及一些固定詞組，如 keep words, lose heart, make a face等。d. 賓語是反身代詞，相互代詞，同源代詞，不定式，動名詞，抽象名詞等。7）漢語有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可用被動結(jié)構(gòu)表示。如：據(jù)說…… 希望……據(jù)推測說… 必須承認……必須指出… 眾所周知……有人會說…..大家認為…..有人相信……there be 小結(jié)1. 基本結(jié)構(gòu) ：There be +主語 + 地點 /時間狀語。如：　There is a puter in the room. 房間里有一臺電腦?！here are two TV plays every evening. 每晚有兩場電視劇。2. 主謂一致：　要采取就近一致原則，和* 近be的主語一致。如：　There is a pen, two rulers in the box. 盒子里有一只鋼筆，兩把尺子。There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 門口有兩個男孩，一個老師。3. 主語后的動詞形式：在there be 句型中，主語與動詞是主動關(guān)系時用現(xiàn)在分詞；是被動關(guān)系時用過去分詞。如：　There is a purse lying on the ground. 地上有一個錢包。There are five minutes left now. 現(xiàn)在還有5分鐘。4. 反意疑問句。反意疑問句應(yīng)與there be對應(yīng)，而不是依據(jù)主語。如：There is a radio on the table, isn39。t there? 桌子上有一臺收音機，是吧？ There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren39。t there? 你們班有50多名學(xué)生，是吧？5. there be 與have的替換：there be表示所屬時可與have替換?！here is nothing but a book in my bag. =I have nothing but a book in my bag. 包里只有一本書?！?. there be后接不定式時常用主動形式表示被動意義。如：There is a lot of work to do. 有許多工作要做。注意：當(dāng)該句型主語是something, anything, nothing等不定代詞時，后面的不定式用主動形式或被動形式，意義各不同?！here is nothing to do. 沒有事可做?！here is nothing to be done. 沒有辦法(束手無策)。7. 與其它詞連用，構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。如：There may be a rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有雨。There used to be a cinema here before the war. 戰(zhàn)爭之前，這兒有一家電影院?！?. 變體　there be結(jié)構(gòu)中的be有時可用live, stand, remain等代替。如：Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else. 從前有位國王喜歡新服勝過別的任何東西?！?. 習(xí)慣用語：There is no good /use (in) doing sth. 做某事沒有好處/用處；There is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽誤。例如：There is no good making friends with him. 和他交朋友沒有什么好處?！e is very ill. Send him to hospital. There39。s not a moment to lose. 他病得厲害，把他送到醫(yī)院去，一刻也不能耽誤。