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概念:表示現(xiàn)在(說(shuō)話瞬間)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可以表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)。 結(jié)構(gòu):由be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are) + 動(dòng)詞ing構(gòu)成,其中be動(dòng)詞要與主語(yǔ)保持性數(shù)一致。 Mary is flying a kite in the park. 瑪麗正在公園里放風(fēng)箏。 What are you doing now? 你現(xiàn)在在干什么? I’m reading English. 我正在讀英語(yǔ)。 Are they drawing the pictures now? 他們正在畫(huà)畫(huà)嗎?動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞是動(dòng)詞原形變化而來(lái)的,規(guī)則變化如下: 動(dòng)詞ing形式叫動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞,其構(gòu)成如下: 1) 直接在動(dòng)詞后加ing play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, singsinging 2) 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,先去e,再加ing make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking 3) 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞且詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母,再加ing run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming 注意對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的判斷。判斷一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子用什么時(shí)態(tài),主要看句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),一般說(shuō)來(lái),每種時(shí)態(tài)都有與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在(說(shuō)話瞬間)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。因此,這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)最常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是now。但有不少句子并沒(méi)有now,只能通過(guò)提示語(yǔ)如look、listen等或者通過(guò)上下文來(lái)確定用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打掃房間。 Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那個(gè)女孩在那里跳舞。 Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我們一起做游戲嗎? Can’t you see I am doing my homework? 你沒(méi)看見(jiàn)我正在做作業(yè)嗎?20一般過(guò)去時(shí) 1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化:⑴am 和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。(was not=wasn’t)⑵are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=weren’t)⑶帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were放到句首。3.句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否定句:didn’t +動(dòng)詞原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句:在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問(wèn)句:⑴疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday?⑵疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí):疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則:1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加ed,如:pullpulled, cookcooked2.結(jié)尾是e加d,如:tastetasted3.末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母,再加ed,如:stopstopped4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i,再加ed,如:studystudied5.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式: am,iswas arewere, dodid, seesaw,saysaidgivegave, getgot,gowent, ecame,havehad,eatate, taketook, runran, singsang, putput,makemade,readread, writewrote,drawdrew, drinkdrank,flyflew,riderode,speakspoke, sweepswept,buyboughtswimswam,sitsatbringbrought cancouldcutcutbeebecame beginbegan drawdrew feelfeltfindfoundforgetforgothearheardkeepkept knowknewlearnlearnt(learned)leaveleftletletloselost meetmetreadreadsleepslept speakspoketaketookteachtaughttelltoldwritewrote wakewoke thinkthou