【正文】 設(shè)計(jì)。7 結(jié) 束 語(yǔ)本系統(tǒng)通過(guò)AT89C51單片機(jī)，運(yùn)用數(shù)字PID算法，實(shí)現(xiàn)了爐溫的設(shè)定、采集與控制，并且通過(guò)鍵盤可以改變PID控制算法的參數(shù)，基本達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)的最初要求。本設(shè)計(jì)利用MF1226熱電阻采集爐溫，經(jīng)過(guò)電橋?qū)⒆柚底兓D(zhuǎn)換成電壓的變化從而反映爐溫的變化，電壓信號(hào)再通過(guò)ADC0809轉(zhuǎn)換變?yōu)閱纹瑱C(jī)可以識(shí)別的數(shù)字信號(hào)，單片機(jī)將溫度的采樣值與設(shè)定值的相減得到兩者的偏差，偏差再經(jīng)過(guò)PID算法的處理得到系統(tǒng)的控制輸出，從而達(dá)到控制溫度的目的。由于在實(shí)際系統(tǒng)中各方面因素的干擾，往往同一PID參數(shù)不能適應(yīng)各種要求，故設(shè)計(jì)專門添加了鍵盤可以改變參數(shù)的功能，為系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試帶來(lái)了很大的方便。另外，該系統(tǒng)具有很好的通用性，只要將硬件和軟件稍加變動(dòng)就可控制其他象水位、濕度、轉(zhuǎn)速等工業(yè)參數(shù)。由于筆者在系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方面經(jīng)驗(yàn)的不夠，該系統(tǒng)還存在許多不足。如加適當(dāng)?shù)碾娐废到y(tǒng)便可具有溫度上下限報(bào)警功能，LED顯示便可變成LCD顯示等。致 謝在此論文結(jié)束之際，我首先要感謝我的導(dǎo)師呂國(guó)建老師，本論文是在呂老師的悉心指導(dǎo)下才完成的。呂老師學(xué)識(shí)淵博，為人和善。他不僅在學(xué)術(shù)上給了我指導(dǎo)，在生活上也給了我無(wú)盡的關(guān)懷。這一切都將使我終身難忘。我要感謝我系的各位老師，在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，我系的老師們給了我很多中肯的建議，使我的論文得以順利的完成。也要感謝各位老師在五年來(lái)對(duì)我學(xué)習(xí)和生活上的關(guān)心和幫助。我要感謝所有的師弟師妹們，在這個(gè)團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、積極向上、充滿愛心的集體中，我獲得了不斷進(jìn)取的動(dòng)力。最后 ，我要感謝我的家人，是他們?cè)诒澈竽瑹o(wú)聞的奉獻(xiàn)，才使我有充足的時(shí)間和充裕的精力來(lái)順利完成我的學(xué)業(yè)。參考文獻(xiàn)[1]李建忠. 《單片機(jī)原理及應(yīng)用》 西安電子科技大學(xué)出版社 2002年.[2]潘新民 王燕芳. 《微型計(jì)算機(jī)控制技術(shù)》 電子工業(yè)出版社 2004年.[3]何立民. 《單片機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)大全》 北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社 1994年.[4]李朝清. 《單片機(jī)原理及接口技術(shù)》 北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社 1998年.[5]李雅軒. 《單片機(jī)實(shí)訓(xùn)教程》 北京航天大學(xué)出版社 2006年.[6 ]譚浩強(qiáng). 《單片機(jī)課程設(shè)計(jì)》 清華大學(xué)出版社 1989年.[7]劉大茂. 《單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)》 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 2000年.[9]萬(wàn)福君. 《單片機(jī)微機(jī)原理系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與開發(fā)應(yīng)用》 中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)出版社 2001年.[10]張毅剛. 《單片機(jī)原理及接口技術(shù)》 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社 1990年.[11]胡漢才. 《單片機(jī)原理及其接口技術(shù)》 清華大學(xué)出版社 1995年. [12] Motorola. User’ ,[J]. 1999年.[13] . String fellow and . Craford , “High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes”, ,AcademicPres 1997年. 英文翻譯Boiler puter controlBoiler puter control： The boiler micro puter control, is a new technology which the recent years developed, it was the microputer soft, the hardware, the automatic control, the boiler energy conservation and soon several technical in close integration with product, our country existing center, small boiler more than 300,000, the coal consumption accounted for our country raw coal output every year 1/3, at present the majority industry boiler still was at the energy consumption to be high, to waste, the environmental pollution in a big way and so on the serious production condition. Enhances the thermal efficiency, reduces the coal consumption, carries on the control with the microputer is has the profound significance the work. As the boiler control device, its primary mission is guaranteed the boiler the security, is stable, the economical movement, reduces operator39。s labor intensity. Uses the micro puter control, can carry on the process to the boiler the automatic detection, the automatic control and so on many functions. The boiler microputer control system, generally is posed by the below several parts, namely by the boiler main body, a measuring appliance, the microputer, the hand automatic cut over operation, the implementing agency and the valve, the slippery difference electrical machinery and so on partially is posed, a measuring appliance the boiler temperature, the pressure, the current capacity, the oxygen quantity, the rotational speed isometric transforms the voltage, the electric current and so on sends in the microputer, the hand automatic cut over operation part, manual when by the operator hand control, controls the slippery difference electrical machinery and the valve with the manipulator and so on, is automatic when sends out the control signal to the microputer partially to carry on the automatic operation after the execution. The microputer carries on the monitor to the entire boiler movement, reports to the police, the control guaranteed the boiler is normal, reliably moves, except for this for guaranteed the boiler movement these curity, when carries on the microputer system design, to the boiler water level, the boiler dome pressure and so on the important parameter should establish the conventional measuring appliance and the alarm device, guaranteed the water level and the dome pressure have the dual even tertiary alarm device, this is essential, in order to avoid the boiler has the significant accident. Control system: The boiler is a more plex controlled member, it not only adjustment quantity many, moreover between various types and quantities mutually relates, mutually affects, mutually restricts, boiler interior energy conversion mechanism quite plex, therefore must establish a more ideal mathematical model to the boiler quite to be difficult. Therefore, has made the boiler system simplification processing, deposes is three relatively independent governing systems. Certainly also may subdivide other system like amount of wind control loops in certain systems, but it mainly is following three parts: (1) the chamber negative pressure (2) the boiler bustion process has three duties for the main tuning quantity special burning regulator system: To coal control, to wind control, chamber negative pressure control. The maintenance coal gas and the air proportion cause the air too much coefficient about , the bustion process efficiency, the maintenance chamber negative pressure, therefore the boiler bustion process automatic control is a plex question. As for 3, the request is the blast furnace coal gas which maximum limit uses diffuses, therefore may most greatly strive according to the boiler to move, does not make the strict request to the steam pressure。 The burning efficiency does not make a higher request. Such boiler bustion process automatic control simplifies as the chamber negative pressure primarily parameter decides the coal gas flow control. (3) the chamber negative pressure Pf size is directed the amount of wind, t