【正文】 empt(1)；企圖。①He made an attempt to learn to 。②He failed in attempt at climbing up the ，卻失敗了。(2)；企圖。①She attempted to learn 。②The prisoner attempted an 。 out of = keep sth.(sb.)out of不使入內(nèi)；不牽涉進(jìn)去。①Warm clothing will keep the cold 。②Keep out of their 。attention 短語pay attention to sth. 注意某事 draw one’s attention(to sth.) 引起某人的注意be worth one’s attention 值得某人注意bring one’s attention to sth. 叫某人注意某事average短語歸納average 可用作名詞，表示“平均數(shù)，一般水平”，也可作形容詞，表示“平均的”。如：the average of the pay 平均工資；above/below the average 平均以上/以下；the average age of the girls姑娘的平均年齡；the average temperature平均氣溫；on(an,the)average平均起來[應(yīng)用]完成句子①這個廠的工人平均每月收入700元。____ ______，one worker in this factory gets 700 yuanevery month.②他的功課一般以上。He is_________ _________ in his lessons.Key: ①On, average ②above, average awake,wake①awake用作及物或不及物動詞，表示“叫醒，喚醒；醒來”；而wake表示相同意義時，必須與up連用，對比：The noise awoke me./The noise woke me up.嗓音把我鬧醒。She usually awakes at six in the morning./She usually wakes up at six in the 。注意：awake 不與up連用；wake up 的賓語是人稱代詞時必須置于兩個詞之間。誤：wake up him正：wake him up②awake 還可用作形容詞，只用作表語或后置定語，不能用作前置定語。其反義詞是 ：Is he awake or asleep?他睡著了還是醒著？Anyone awake heard the 。注意：wide/fully awake 完全醒著；sound/fast/deeply asleep熟睡[應(yīng)用]完成句子①他醒來時，他母親在他的旁邊。When he_______,his mother was beside him.②我徹夜未眠，一直在考慮這個問題。I have lain_______all night thinking of the problem.③他突然醒了，好象有人叫他的名字。He ______ _______suddenly,as if someone had called his name.④她睡著的時候誰也叫不醒他。No one can_______ _______ ________when she is asleep.Key:①awoke ②awake ③woke up ④wake,her,upbattle, war, fight, strugglewar指戰(zhàn)爭的總體；battle指war中的戰(zhàn)斗或戰(zhàn)役；fight指具體的人與人之間或動物之間的爭斗；struggle指長時間、激烈的爭斗，多指肉體、精神上的戰(zhàn)斗。對比：We have had two world wars in this 。They were wounded in the 。We have started a fight against pollution. 我們已開始了一場消除污染的斗爭。His life was a hard struggle with 。[應(yīng)用]英譯漢①in time of war ②be at war③declare war on… ④fight a battle⑤give/offer battle ⑥have a handtohand fightKey:①戰(zhàn)時 ②交戰(zhàn)，在打仗③對……宣戰(zhàn) ④打一仗 挑戰(zhàn)⑤肉搏戰(zhàn)伴隨狀語可用現(xiàn)在分詞也可用過去分詞He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased.本句有三個并列謂語，looking 部分為伴隨狀語。例題 1）He held up his finger ,_______ a face and nodded his ．making B. made答案： ，需連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，所填詞的形式應(yīng)與前后保持一致。2) He sat there in silence, _______sad and doing . looking B. looked答案： 之后ing形式，其前面也應(yīng)該用ing形式，而不能與前面的sat并列。3)He sat there in silence ,______ 答案：，需要伴隨狀誤。4)He set out early, ________ there on time . B. and arrived答案：，但根據(jù)意思看，“到達(dá)”并不伴隨“出發(fā)”的動作，而是明顯地有先有后。5)He made a smile, _____ with the result. A. satisfying B. satisfied答案：，此處表示“感到滿意”的一種狀態(tài)，而satisfying表示令人滿意的，此時的satisfied是過去分詞，而不是過去式。be about to do sth. 正要、即將做某事。是將來時的一種表達(dá)方式，表示最近的將來。①I was about to go to bed when he ，這時他打來了電話。②When I saw Tom, he was about to get on the ，他正要上汽車。注意：be about to 通常不用于帶有具體時間狀語的句子，但可用be going to 表示。①Hurry up! They are about to ！他們就要走了。②Hurry up! They are going to start at 10 o’！10點鐘他們就要走了。be ahead of 該詞組有兩層意思，一是“優(yōu)于”，“超過”；二是“比……早”，“在……的前面”。如：He is well ahead of all the other students in English.be angry with 。be angry at/about 。①Don’t be angry with me for my being late?不要因為我遲到而生我的氣。②What are you angry about?你生什么氣？③He was angry at being kept waiting for so ，他很生氣。be certain…。 be surebe uncertain about意思是“對……不確定（沒把握）”uncertain的詞根是certain,意思是“確信的，有把握的”，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)be certain(sure) to do sth.“肯定會做……”（表示某事將要發(fā)生）。如：He is certain(sure) to e next Sunday.(2)be certain(sure) of/ about sth.“確信、有把握”（表示某個人的思想狀態(tài)）。如：We are certain/ sure of victory.(3)名詞從句作主語時，一般多用certain.It is certain that he will e.be different from與……不同 Your idea is different from mine. 你的想法和我的不同。 對比：make sb./ sth. different from使某人/某物不同于…… Her special accent makes her different from others. 她特殊的口音使她與眾不同。be familiar with,be familiar tobe familiar with的主語是有生命的事，意為“某人對人、事熟悉”；be familiar to 的主語是無生命的事物，意為“某人/事為某人所熟悉”，對比:He is very familiar with the names of plants in 。Suzhou and Hangzhou are familiar to many 。I’m not familiar with European history./European history is not familiar to 。注意：be familiar with/to 還表示“精通、通曉”如：French is as familiar to him as 。[應(yīng)用] 一句多譯①這些事實是每個學(xué)生都熟悉的。②她精通4種語言。Key:①These facts are familiar to every schoolboy./Every shoolboy is familiar with these facts.②She is familiar with four languages./Four languages are familiar to her.be filled with = be full of 充滿，裝滿 如：The bottle is filled with water .瓶子里裝滿了水。注意：Filled with courage , he went into the cave .此處filled 表示“充滿了的”指處于一種狀態(tài)。比較：be crowded with 擠滿的，與be filled with 有所不同。如：The room is crowded with 。此外，fill作為動詞可用其主動形式，亦可構(gòu)成另外短語。如：Fill the bottle with sand .把瓶子裝滿沙子。Fill in the blanks .填空。be full of…→be filled with…充滿…①The classroom was full of 。②Her eyes were full of 。be likely to 易于……；有可能的. 后跟動詞不定式，往往用在一時的情形。I shall be likely to catch cold if I go out tonight without my ，我會感冒的。 Is that magazine likely to interest you? 那本雜志對你有吸引力嗎？be of…結(jié)構(gòu)小結(jié)(1)be of + 表示年齡（age）、大小（size）、顏色（color）、重量（weight）、高度（height）、價格（price）、意見（opinion）、形狀（shape）、種類（kind）和方法（way）等名詞，說明主語的特征，of表示“具有”之意，有時可省去。例如：They are both of middle 。When I was of your age, I was a ，我當(dāng)老師了。These flowers are of different 。Tom is of a different way of 。注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果of后面的名詞前有不定冠詞a/an，則a/an=the ：The two boys are of an/the same 。These bottles are of a/the same 。(2)be of + 物質(zhì)名詞，表示主語是由某材料制成或某成分構(gòu)成，相當(dāng)于be made of, be built of或be made up of等。例如：The necklace is(made)of 。The bridge is (built)of 。Our class is (made up)of over 50 students. 我班有50多個學(xué)生。(3)be of + 抽象名詞（如value, importance,use, help等），of表示“具有、具備”等意思，of不能省，這一結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于be+該抽象名詞相應(yīng)的形容詞。例如：They are of great help/ very helpful to learners of 。In fact, sports and games can be of great value/very 。The book is of no use/useless to 。It is of great importance/very important to study 。因此，根據(jù)上述(1),(2)點可以看出，課文句中第一個be of 結(jié)構(gòu)表示“具有”，第二個be of(承前省去be)表示“由……制成的”。全句漢語意思為：“硬幣的大小