【導讀】明溝排水、深層明溝排水、暗溝排水和利用工程設(shè)施排水。9、地下連續(xù)墻段間的接頭一般分為柔性接頭、剛性接頭和止水接頭。處理措施是及時糾正發(fā)生

　　

【正文】 可能節(jié)約鋼材和降低造價，不同的使用條件，應(yīng)該有不同的質(zhì)量要求，根據(jù)鋼材的力學性能：屈服點、抗拉強度、伸長率、冷彎性能、沖擊韌性等各項指標來衡量鋼材質(zhì)量的指標，根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的特點，選用事宜的鋼材。選定鋼材時應(yīng)考慮以下結(jié)構(gòu)特點： A、結(jié)構(gòu)的類型及重要性； B、荷載的性質(zhì)； C、連接方法； D、結(jié)構(gòu)的工作溫度； E、結(jié)構(gòu)的受力性質(zhì)。 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)常用的鋼材有哪些？構(gòu)件連 接有哪些方式？ P20 P199201 （ 1）在鋼結(jié)構(gòu)中采用的鋼材主要分為 2 類： 1）碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼， 2）為低合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼； 1）碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼： Q19 Q21 Q23 Q25 Q275 五種牌號； 2）低合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼： Q29 Q345 、 Q390、 Q4 Q460 五種。 （ 2）構(gòu)件連接方式：柱與柱的連接、柱與梁的連接、梁與梁的連接。 構(gòu)件安裝前的準備工作有哪些？ P211213 1）鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的預檢與配套； 2）鋼柱基礎(chǔ)檢查； 3）標高塊設(shè)置及柱底灌漿； 4）鋼構(gòu)件現(xiàn)場堆放； 5）安裝機械的選擇。 構(gòu)件選材的基本要求是什么？ P204 1）所用鋼材的鋼種、鋼號、強度設(shè)計值、選用原則及所要求保證的力學性能、化學成分限值等以及連接所用的焊接材料、螺栓緊固件等材料的要求； 2）抗震鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的鋼材性能，需滿足：鋼材曲強比不低于 ； 3）承重結(jié)構(gòu)處于外露和低溫環(huán)境時，其鋼材還應(yīng)考慮耐大氣腐蝕和避免低溫冷脆的要求； 4）采用鋼筋連接的的梁 — 柱節(jié)點范圍內(nèi)，當節(jié)點約束較強，板厚大于 50mm，并承受沿板厚方向的拉力作用時，應(yīng)附加要求板厚方向的伸長率保證，以防止層狀撕裂； 5）根據(jù)構(gòu)件所處的部位、受力情況的不同可分別選用不同的 鋼號及強度級別的鋼材； 6）維護結(jié)構(gòu)及組合版所用的壓型鋼專業(yè)好文檔 18 板宜采用 Q235 鋼； 7）高層結(jié)構(gòu)中所 c 采用的抗剪焊釘，其釘桿磁環(huán)等材料應(yīng)符合有關(guān)標準規(guī)定的要求； 8）高層建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的組合樓板及組合構(gòu)件所用的混凝土標號、鋼筋及其設(shè)計強度，以及輕骨料砼材料，應(yīng)符合國家現(xiàn)行規(guī)范的要求。 1編制構(gòu)件制作指示書時，應(yīng)考慮哪些主要內(nèi)容？ P207 1）施工中所依據(jù)的標準和規(guī)范； 2）成品的技術(shù)要求，其中包括工序的技術(shù)要求和各技術(shù)工種的技術(shù)要求； 3）采用的加工、焊接設(shè)備和工藝裝備； 4）焊工和檢驗人員資格證明； 5）制作廠家的管理和質(zhì)量 保證體系； 6）各類檢查表格。 1鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝前的準備工作中，中轉(zhuǎn)堆場的主要作用是什么？ P211 1）儲存制造廠的鋼構(gòu)件； 2）根據(jù)安裝施工流水順序進行構(gòu)件配套，組織供應(yīng)； 3）對鋼構(gòu)件質(zhì)量進行檢查和修復，保證合格的構(gòu)件送往現(xiàn)場。 1簡述鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝與校正的工作內(nèi)容。 P214215 在吊裝第一節(jié)鋼柱時，應(yīng)在預埋的地腳螺栓上加設(shè)保護套，以免鋼柱就位時損壞地腳螺栓的螺紋。鋼柱吊裝前，應(yīng)預先在地面上把操作吊籃、爬梯等固定在施工需要的柱子部位上。鋼柱的吊點在吊耳處。根據(jù)鋼柱的重量和起重機的重量，鋼柱的吊裝可用雙機抬 吊或單機吊裝。單機吊裝時須在柱子根部墊以墊木，以回轉(zhuǎn)法起吊，嚴禁柱根拖地。雙機抬吊時，鋼柱調(diào)離地面后在空中進行回直。鋼柱就位后，先調(diào)整標高，再調(diào)整位移，最后調(diào)整垂直度。柱子要按規(guī)范規(guī)定的數(shù)值進行校正，標準柱子的垂直偏差應(yīng)校正到零。當上柱與下柱發(fā)生扭轉(zhuǎn)錯位時，可在連接上下柱的耳板處加墊板進行調(diào)整。 1結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件高強度螺栓連接時，臨時螺栓穿人數(shù)量如何確定并應(yīng)符合哪些規(guī)定？ P217 臨時螺栓穿人數(shù)量符合以下規(guī)定： 1）不得少于安裝孔總數(shù)的 1/3； 2）至少要穿兩個臨時螺栓； 3）如穿入部分沖釘，則其數(shù)量不得多于臨時螺 栓的 30%。 1鋼網(wǎng)架吊裝的工藝方法有幾種？每種吊裝工藝的重點是什么？ P219221 鋼網(wǎng)架吊裝的工藝方法有三種： 1）高空拼裝法； 2）整體安裝法； 3）高空滑移法。 1）高空拼裝法：先在設(shè)計位置處搭設(shè)拼裝支架，然后用起重機把網(wǎng)架構(gòu)件分件上吊至空中的設(shè)計位置，在支架上進行拼裝。 2）整體安裝法：就是先將網(wǎng)架在地面上拼裝成整體，然后用超重設(shè)備將其整體提升到設(shè)計位置上加以固定。 3）高空滑移法：拼裝好網(wǎng)架的滑移，可在網(wǎng)架支座下設(shè)滾輪，使?jié)L輪在滑動軌道上滑動，也可在網(wǎng)架支座下設(shè)支座底板，使支座底板沿預埋在鋼筋混 凝土框架梁上的預埋鋼板滑動。網(wǎng)架滑移可用卷揚機或手扳葫蘆牽引，網(wǎng)架滑移時，兩端不同步值不應(yīng)大于 50mm。 專業(yè)好文檔 19 Winger TuivasaSheck, who scored two tries in the Kiwis39。 2018 semifinal win over England, has been passed fit after a lowerleg injury, while Slater has been named at fullback but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against USA. Both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but Australia have not conceded a try since Josh Charnley39。s effort in their first pool match against England on the opening day. Aussie winger Jarryd Hayne is the petition39。s top try scorer with nine, closely followed by Tuivasa Sheck with eight. But it is recently named Rugby League International Federation player of the year Sonny Bill Williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far. The Kiwi with a tournament high 17 offloads has the chance of being the first player to win the World Cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the All Blacks in 2020. I39。d give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend, said Williams. The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islandsbased Webb, the head of Fifa39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。s 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City39。s Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday. I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport. For me it39。s about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was. Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the racist behaviour of their fans during City39。s 21 win. Michel Platini, president of European football39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。s actions. CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toure39。s plaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no ra cist insults from fans of CSKA. Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda. The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited c loud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our daytoday weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest ( miles/ kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of mercial airliners ( miles/ kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary l ayer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence. The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform. They blew it in 2020 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the Kiwis in Manc hester. Five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here the last try they conceded was scored by England39。s Josh Charnley in the opening game of the tournament. That could be classed as a weakness, a team undercooked but I have been impressed by the Kangaroos39。 focus in their games since then. They have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you to ugh, eve n contests strong defence, especially on their own goalline, pleting sets and a good kickchase. They39。ve be en great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your teammates. It is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final. In Johnathan Thurston, Cooper Cronk, Cameron Smith and either Bill y Slater or Greg Inglis at fullback they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. They have played in so many high pressure games a priceless asset going into Saturday. The Kiwis are a lot less experienced but winning a dramatic match like their