【正文】 chief, John Grunsfeld, said at a news conference on September 28, 2015.The streams are about 12 to 15 feet wide and 300 feet or more long, scientists said. “What we39。re dealing with is wet soil, thin layers of wet soil, not standing water，” said Alfred McEwen of the University of Arizona at Tucson, the principal scientist for the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter39。s high－resolution imaging experiment.Because liquid water is essential to life, the findings could have major implications for the possibility of Martian life. The researchers said further exploration is needed to determine whether microscopic life exists on the planet.The presence of liquid water could also make life easier for astronauts visiting or living on Mars. Water could be used for drinking and for creating oxygen and rocket fuel. NASA39。s goal is to send humans there in the 2030s.The evidence of flowing water consists largely of dark, narrow streaks (條痕) on the surface that tend to appear and grow during the warmest Martian months and fade the rest of the year.Mars is extremely cold even in summer, and the streaks are in places where the temperature is as low as minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit. But salt can lower the freezing point of water and melt ice.The source (源頭) of the water is a mystery. Scientists noted it could be melting ice. It could be an underground aquifer, which is rock or sand that can hold water. It is possibly water vapor from the thin Martian atmosphere. Or it may be a bination.Michael Meyer, lead scientist for NASA39。s Mars exploration program, said the only definitive way for now to determine whether there39。s life on Mars is to collect rocks and soil for analysis on Earth—something a US lander set for lift－off in 2020 will do.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇科普文章。在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)了水的痕跡，這是否意味著會(huì)有生命存在呢？是否適合人類居住呢？這都有待進(jìn)一步的科學(xué)探究。5．What would be the best title for the text? A．Streams of water spotted on MarsB．Astronauts will land on MarsC．NASA39。s Mars exploration programD．A breakthrough in the exploration of Mars答案：A　主旨大意題。從文中第一段第一句及文章其他內(nèi)容可知，文章主要是圍繞著在火星上似乎有水的痕跡這一主題展開(kāi)的。故選A。6．According to John Grunsfeld, there seems to be________on Mars.A．salty water B．standing waterC．rocket fuel D．human beings答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文中第一段的第一句可知，火星上似乎有咸水。7．Scientists are uncertain about the________of the water on Mars.A．state B．sourceC．temperature D．taste答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文中倒數(shù)第二段第一句“The source of the water is a mystery.”可知，水的源頭是個(gè)謎。故選B。8．What matters to the existence of liquid water on Mars?A．The distance from the sun.B．The favorable climate.C．The gravity of the earth.D．The salt in it.答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)第三段最后一句中的“salt can lower the freezing point of water and melt ice”可知，鹽對(duì)液態(tài)水的存在有重要作用。1．essential adj. 必要的；至關(guān)重要的；基本的；本質(zhì)的2．exist vi. 存在；生存3．evidence n. 證據(jù)4．freezing adj. 極冷的；冰冷的5．a(chǎn)nalysis n. 分析1．deal with 應(yīng)付；處理 of 由……組成Ⅱ.七選五(建議用時(shí)7′)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。[2017河北定州中學(xué)檢測(cè)]Question: My 14－year－old son is very disrespectful to my husband and me, and we don39。t know what to do. He often gets home after dark. And we have a big argument after he es back. Can you help us? Answer: Your son should, of course, e back before dark, not because you say so, but because it is his responsibility and because you would worry about him if he didn39。t e home when he promised. __1__ Just tell him that he has to be home on time if he wants to go out next time—and that this is his choice, not yours. His disrespect is part of a bigger issue. Your son desires independence because the young always do when they hit puberty (青春期). New hormones (荷爾蒙), a new need to pull away from their parents results in this desire. __2__Your son may also be acting up because your discipline hasn39。t kept up with his growth. A child hates to be corrected when his parents use the same words they used when correcting him a year ago. __3__He won39。t even argue with you too much, if you listen to his rants (咆哮) and consider his reasons when you have to say no. These are all signs that you know that your respect is as important to him as his respect is to you. __4__ This Doesn39。t plete anything and must worsen your relationship.Your child not only needs your respect. __5__ They need your pity for him when things go wrong, rather than tell him what he should have done. Now is the time to give as few orders as possible (but stick to the ones you give)．A．But don39。t worry.B．But don39。t argue about it.C．He wants you to react to him at the age he is today.D．So boys and girls are so eager to spread their wings.E．If you don39。t listen and consider, he won39。t hear a word you say.F．He is growing physically, mentally, emotionally and even morally.G．He also needs you to encourage his dreams, no matter how strange they are.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文屬于教育類短文。現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中很多青少年都很叛逆，不愿意聽(tīng)從父母的教育，想要脫離父母的管教。作者就此問(wèn)題提出了一些建議。1．B 根據(jù)橫線后句“Just tell him that he has to be home on time if he wants to go out next time—and that this is his choice, not yours.”可知，不要跟孩子爭(zhēng)辯什么，而是要讓他想清楚這是他自己的選擇。B選項(xiàng)“But don39。t argue about it.”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。2．D 根據(jù)橫線前句“New hormones, a new need to pull away from their parents results in this desire.”可知，男孩子和女孩子在青春期時(shí)因?yàn)楹蔂柮傻挠绊憰?huì)變得比較叛逆，想要脫離父母的掌控。D選項(xiàng)“So boys and girls are so eager to spread their wings.”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。3．C 根據(jù)第四段第一句“Your son may also be acting up because your discipline hasn39。t kept up with his growth.”可知，這個(gè)孩子的行為可能是因?yàn)槟銓?duì)他的態(tài)度沒(méi)有根據(jù)他的年齡的變化而改變，還是當(dāng)他是小孩子造成的。C選項(xiàng)“He wants you to react to him at the age he is today.”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。4．E 根據(jù)橫線前句“These are all signs that you know that your respect is as important to him as his respect is to you.”可知，你也要尊重他，如果你不傾聽(tīng)他的心聲，他也不會(huì)聽(tīng)你的話，E選項(xiàng)“If you don39。t listen and consider, he won39。t hear a word you say.”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。5．G 根據(jù)橫線前句“Your child not only needs your respect.”可知，你的孩子不僅僅需要你的尊敬。句中的not only與G項(xiàng)中的also形成呼應(yīng)，句意為“他還需要你鼓勵(lì)他實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想，不論夢(mèng)想是多么奇特”。故選G項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(建議用時(shí)13′)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 [2017張家口模擬]Tu Youyou, __1__ was born in 1930, is a Chinese medical scientist and educator. She was educated and carried out re