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,如:makemaking, tastetasting3.如果末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:runrunning, stopstopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),用來表示正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)是:be (am, is, are)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞形式,幾種句型: 一、陳述句(肯定句) 主語+be (am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞,如: I am reading ?! e is ?!ou are ?! 《⒁话阋蓡柧洹 e(Am, Is, Are)+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞, 如: 1. Are you singing?你正在唱歌嗎? Yes, I ,我在唱歌?! ?No, I39。m ,我不在唱歌。) 2. Is he (she) listening to music?他(她)在聽音樂嗎? Yes, he (she) ,他(她)在聽音樂?! No, he (she) isn39。,他(她)不在聽音樂。] 三、特殊疑問句 疑問詞+be (am, is, are)+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞,如: 1. What are you doing?你正在干什么? I am doing my ?! ?. What is he (she) doing?他(她)正在干什么? He (She) is riding a (她)正在騎自行車?! ∨c現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的詞:look(看)、listen(聽)、now(現(xiàn)在), Look! Jack is !杰克正在游泳。 Listen! She is !她正在唱歌。 I am cleaning my room 。小學(xué)英語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié):一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)態(tài)(a) be 動(dòng)詞的過去式:I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….一般疑問句was, were 放在句首。(b) 動(dòng)詞過去式:肯定句: I watched cartoons.She visited the zoo.一般疑問句:Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, she didn’t.否定句:They didn’t go the the part yesterday.He didn’t make model ships last week.動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則:1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加ed,如:pullpulled, cookcooked2.結(jié)尾是e加d,如:tastetasted3.末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ed,如:stopstopped4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i, 再加ed,如:studystudied5.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式:am,iswas, arewere, dodid, seesaw, saysaid, givegave, getgot, gowent, ecame, havehad, eatate, taketook, runran, singsang, putput, makemade, readread, writewrote, drawdrew, drinkdrank, swimswam, sitsat我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有:can, could, will, would, may, must, should, shall。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)特征 1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(modal verb)本身有詞義,表示說話人的語氣或情態(tài),但詞義不完全,不能單獨(dú)用作謂語動(dòng)詞,一般只能和動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞?! ?)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞所表示的情態(tài)有:命令、允諾、請(qǐng)求、拒絕、愿望、愿意、義務(wù)、必要、可能、能力、敢于、需要等?! ?)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(ought除外)和助動(dòng)詞shall,will,should,would一樣,后面的動(dòng)詞不定式一般皆不帶?! ⌒问阶兓 ?)沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,第三人稱單數(shù)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)也無變化。如: I can We can You can You can He They can She can It 2)有些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有過去式,有少數(shù)過去式和它的原形相同?! )有過去式的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有: may would can ―― could may―― night shall should have to had to b)過去式不變的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有: must must (或had to) ought to ought to needneed dare dare(亦可用dared) 3)大多數(shù)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面可用動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式、完成式和被動(dòng)形式,如:can(may,must)be doing,can(may,must) have done,can(may,must)be done等?! 》穸ㄊ健 ∏閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞一樣,后面可直接跟否定詞not。現(xiàn)將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式及其否定式的簡(jiǎn)略式(簡(jiǎn)略式用于口語中)列舉如下: shall notshan‘t [FB:nt] will notwon’t [wEunt] can notcan‘t [kB:nt] must notmustn’t [5mQsnt] should not shouldn‘t would not wouldn’t could not couldn‘t dare not daren’t [dZEnt] need not needn‘t 在疑問句中的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在疑問句中的用法和助動(dòng)詞相同。如: May I ask you a question? 我可以問你一個(gè)問題嗎? Can you let me use your dictionary for a minute? 你能把字典借我用一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)?? Would you like to visit the heavy machinery plant? 你想?yún)⒂^重型機(jī)器廠嗎? 注意have to在疑問句中的位置。如: Do you have to go out today? 你今天一定得出去嗎? Does he have to finish the work tomorrow? 他明天非做完這項(xiàng)工作不可嗎?