【正文】 life in city 城市生活壓力 vulnerable to … 易于患上… pot 熔爐 the brink of … 處于…邊緣 污染性物質(zhì) disposal 廢物處理 the blame on … 歸咎于… attributable to … 歸因?yàn)椤?of consumption 消費(fèi)方式 heavy losses 遭受重大損失 居民 confronted with… 面臨著… crimes 滋生犯罪 cycle 惡性循環(huán) feasible measure 一種可行的措施 priority to … 優(yōu)先考慮… planners 城市規(guī)劃能源與交通考試頻率：★★★Energy and Transportation 能源與交通Public transport expansion 發(fā)展公共交通 Food export 食品出口Increasing private cars 私家車增多 Space travelling 太空旅游Traffic congestion 交通擁堵 Producing pollution 制造污染Road security 道路安全 Cheap flight 低價(jià)飛行Water scarcity 水源短缺 1Resource consumption 能源消耗Overuse of fuel 燃料過度使用 1International tourism 國際旅游真題重現(xiàn)In some countries, air travel has bee a much cheaper form of transport than in the past. Is this a positive or negative trend?The number of cars in many large cities is increasing significantly nowadays. What are the problems it may bring? How to solve this problem?分類詞匯加油站 the construction of urban infrastructure 完善城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè) strict vehicle emission standards 制定嚴(yán)格的汽車排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn) waste 減少浪費(fèi) poverty and backwardness 消除貧窮落后 and control pollution 預(yù)防和控制污染 the conservation of water and soil 加強(qiáng)水土保護(hù) ecological balance 維護(hù)生態(tài)平衡 environmental protection technique 環(huán)保技術(shù) the regulation and monitoring 加強(qiáng)監(jiān)督和管理 the governmental intrusion 加大政府干預(yù)性措施 legislative regulations 促進(jìn)立法管理 and perfect the social security system 建立和完善社會(huì)的安全體系 some restrictions on 對(duì)…實(shí)施限制 people’s awareness of 喚醒人們的…意識(shí) some preventive (remedial) measures 采取一些預(yù)防（補(bǔ)救）措施 onthespot penalties 采取立即懲罰性措施 proper guidance and support 恰當(dāng)引導(dǎo)和支持 heavier penalty on 對(duì)…實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的懲罰 down effective laws 制定積極有效的法律 planning 城市規(guī)劃 the ecological balance 破壞了生態(tài)的平衡 the environment 污染環(huán)境 the sustainable development of the city 促進(jìn)城市的可持續(xù)性發(fā)展 effect 溫室效應(yīng) pollution control 加強(qiáng)污染控制 environmental protection knowledge 普及環(huán)保知識(shí) 迫在眉睫的 degradation 環(huán)境惡化 the cost of environment 以環(huán)境污染為代價(jià) urbanization 城市化失控 vehicle exhaust、car emission 汽車尾氣排放 purifier 尾氣凈化器 refuse 城市垃圾 …from overexploitation 防止過度開發(fā) of water and soil 水土保持 gasoline 無鉛汽油 vehicles 天然氣汽車 vehicles。 battery cars 電動(dòng)汽車 down the rate of resource degradation 降低資源消耗率 renewable resources 開發(fā)可再生資源 resources 可再生資源 resources 不可再生資源人口與經(jīng)濟(jì)考試頻率：★★★ Population and economy 人口與經(jīng)濟(jì)Overpopulation 人口爆炸 Feminism 女權(quán)主義Population ageing 人口老齡化 Industrial locations 工業(yè)選址Governmental pension 政府養(yǎng)老 Global trade 國際貿(mào)易Juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪 Economic gaps 經(jīng)濟(jì)差距Crimes 犯罪 1Youth unemployment 年輕人失業(yè)Agricultural development 農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展 1Consumption patterns 消費(fèi)方式真題重現(xiàn)In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move out of large cities into regional areas. Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh its disadvantages?The proportion of older people in many countries is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on the society?分類詞匯加油站 儲(chǔ)蓄 投資 支出 花費(fèi) 資本資金資產(chǎn) 通貨通用 市價(jià) 需求 、需求量 補(bǔ)給、供給、供應(yīng)品 購買 通貨膨脹 貨幣的金錢的 消費(fèi)消耗 分配、分發(fā)、配給物 課稅、征稅、稅收、稅款、估定的稅額 外部因素 商標(biāo) copyright 版權(quán) 著作權(quán) freedom 限制自由 privacy 侵犯隱私 蕭條 不景氣 折扣 財(cái)政的 金融的 a crime 犯罪\violate\flout\disobey the law 、crimes、criminal acts 、offenders、culprit、perpetrator 罪犯26acplice、accessory 從犯 society、hold a grudge against society 憎恨社會(huì) 心理創(chuàng)傷 監(jiān)獄\incarcerate someone 監(jiān)禁 受害者 brought to justice 被繩之以法 \rehabilitate criminals 改造罪犯 enforcement agencies 執(zhí)法部門 \flagitious crime、felony 重罪 crime 輕罪 offenders 初犯者 offenders 慣犯 to crime 再次犯罪 40. hunt down、 capture 抓捕 by the law 、ply with the law 遵守法律 citizens 守法公民 the sense of safety 增強(qiáng)安全意識(shí) the police force and increase patrol 增強(qiáng)警力和巡邏 of justice 執(zhí)法不公 effect 震懾作用 closely monitored 受到嚴(yán)格監(jiān)控 of reprisal 擔(dān)心報(bào)復(fù)的心理 people to the risk of being victimized by crime提高人們對(duì)于犯罪的警惕