【正文】 reset.附錄Ⅲ中文翻譯單片機廣泛應用于商業(yè)：諸如調制解調器，電動機控制系統(tǒng)，空調控制系統(tǒng)，汽車發(fā)動機和其他一些領域。這些單片機的高速處理速度和增強型外圍設備集合使得它們適合于這種高速事件應用場合。然而，這些關鍵應用領域也要求這些單片機高度可靠。健壯的測試環(huán)境和用于驗證這些無論在元部件層次還是系統(tǒng)級別的單片機的合適的工具環(huán)境保證了高可靠性和低市場風險。Intel 平臺工程部門開發(fā)了一種面向對象的用于驗證它的AT89C51 汽車單片機多線性測試環(huán)境。這種環(huán)境的目標不僅是為AT89C51 汽車單片機提供一種健壯測試環(huán)境，而且開發(fā)一種能夠容易擴展并重復用來驗證其他幾種將來的單片機。開發(fā)的這種環(huán)境連接了AT89C51。本文討論了這種測試環(huán)境的設計和原理，它的和各種硬件、軟件環(huán)境部件的交互性，以及如何使用AT89C51。8位AT89C51 CHMOS 工藝單片機被設計用于處理高速計算和快速輸入/輸出。MCS51 單片機典型的應用是高速事件控制系統(tǒng)。商業(yè)應用包括調制解調器，電動機控制系統(tǒng)，打印機，影印機，空調控制系統(tǒng)，磁盤驅動器和醫(yī)療設備。汽車工業(yè)把MCS51 單片機用于發(fā)動機控制系統(tǒng)，懸掛系統(tǒng)和反鎖制動系統(tǒng)。AT89C51 尤其很好適用于得益于它的處理速度和增強型片上外圍功能集，諸如：汽車動力控制，車輛動態(tài)懸掛，反鎖制動和穩(wěn)定性控制應用。由于這些決定性應用，市場需要一種可靠的具有低干擾潛伏響應的費用效能控制器，服務大量時間和事件驅動的在實時應用需要的集成外圍的能力，具有在單一程序包中高出平均處理功率的中央處理器。擁有操作不可預測的設備的經濟和法律風險是很高的。一旦進入市場，尤其任務決定性應用諸如自動駕駛儀或反鎖制動系統(tǒng)，錯誤將是財力上所禁止的。重新設計的費用可以高達500K 美元，如果產品族享有同樣內核或外圍設計缺陷的話，費用會更高。另外，部件的替代品領域是極其昂貴的，因為設備要用來把模塊典型地焊接成一個總體的價值比各個部件高幾倍。為了緩和這些問題，在最壞的環(huán)境和電壓條件下對這些單片機進行無論在部件級別還是系統(tǒng)級別上的綜合測試是必需的。Intel Chandler 平臺工程組提供了各種單片機和處理器的系統(tǒng)驗證。這種系統(tǒng)的驗證處理可以被分解為三個主要部分。系統(tǒng)的類型和應用需求決定了能夠在設備上執(zhí)行的測試類型。AT89C51提供以下標準功能：4k字節(jié)FLASH閃速存儲器，128 字節(jié)內部RAM，32 個I/O 口線，2 個16 位定時/計數(shù)器，一個5 向量兩級中斷結構，一個全雙工串行通信口，片內振蕩器及時鐘電路。同時，AT89C51 降至0Hz 的靜態(tài)邏輯操作，并支持兩種可選的節(jié)電工作模式?？臻e方式體制CPU 的工作，但允許RAM，定時/計數(shù)器，串行通信口及中斷系統(tǒng)繼續(xù)工作。掉電方式保存RAM 中的內容，但振蕩器體制工作并禁止其他所有不見工作直到下一個硬件復位。畢業(yè)設計任務書專業(yè) 機械設計制造及其自動化 班級 姓名 下發(fā)日期 20130301 題目基于單片機的電子琴系統(tǒng)設計專題單片機系統(tǒng)設計主要內容及要求 內容：使用51系列單片機作為核心控制器完成簡單電子琴的制作。合理分析需求，完成硬件及軟件設計，通過此次制作掌握單片機的使用和編程技能，掌握單片機系統(tǒng)的設計方法。 要求：（1）、用鍵盤做出電子琴按鍵，每鍵代表一個音符；（2）、各音符按一定順序排列，符合電子琴的按鍵排列順序；（3）、可以彈奏出簡單的樂曲；（4）、附加功能如自動演奏簡單節(jié)奏、樂曲。主要技術參數(shù)技術要求：（1）、使用MSC51系列單片機完成系統(tǒng)設計；（2）、使用Proteus設計系統(tǒng)電路圖；（3）、使用矩陣鍵盤作為輸入，每鍵代表一個音符。進度及完成日期2013年4月08日~2013年4月25日：搜索論文資料及查閱參考文獻，合理分析需求，學習單片機設計技術。2013年4月26日~2013年5月11日：開始系統(tǒng)設計，逐步解決遇到的問題，形成初步的論文框架，學習設計軟件的使用。 2013年5月12日~2013年5月23日：做出系統(tǒng)設計方案，形成畢業(yè)設計論文的初稿，畢業(yè)設計中期檢查。2013年5月21日~2013年6月15日：根據(jù)老師的意見對論文初稿進行整改，并繼續(xù)完善系統(tǒng)設計。2013年6月16日~2013年6月22日：對論文進行細節(jié)修改，最終定稿并打印，等待答辯。 系主任簽字日期教研室主任簽字日期指導教師簽字日期g an employment tribunal claimEmployment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you don39。t agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal.You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven39。tappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any pensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are plaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your pensation if you win the case. This is known as adamagesbased agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can39。t charge you more than 35% of your pensation if you win the case.If you are thinking about signing up for a damagesbased agreement, you should make sure you39。re clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by , click onnearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islandsbased Webb, the head of Fifa39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。s 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City39。s Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me it39。s about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCity39。s 21 win.Michel Platini, president of European football39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。s actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toure39。s plaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day。 May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.　　一字開頭的年齡已經到了尾聲?；蛟S是愧疚于自己似乎把轉瞬即逝的很多個不同的日子過成了同一天的樣子；或許是追溯過去，對自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念的醒悟，這些天以來，思緒一直很凌亂，在腦海中不斷糾纏?？傆X得自己自己似乎應該去做點什么，或者寫點什么。二十年的人生軌跡深深淺淺，突然就感覺到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?　　而窮盡我們的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional。 Junior high school, th