【正文】 路，由于PR/V分量的比重大，串聯(lián)補(bǔ)償?shù)恼{(diào)壓效果就很小。故串聯(lián)電容器調(diào)壓一般用在供電電壓為35KV或10KV，負(fù)荷波動(dòng)大而頻繁，功率因數(shù)又很低的配電線路上。3）靜止補(bǔ)償器補(bǔ)償裝置：它由靜電電容器與電抗器并聯(lián)組成電容器可發(fā)出無(wú)功功率，電抗器可吸收無(wú)功功率，兩者結(jié)合起來(lái)，再配以適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)節(jié)裝置，就能夠平滑地改變輸出（或吸收）無(wú)功功率的靜止補(bǔ)償器，與同步調(diào)機(jī)相相比較，運(yùn)行維護(hù)簡(jiǎn)單，功率 損耗小，但相對(duì)串聯(lián)電容及并聯(lián)電容補(bǔ)償裝置，其造價(jià)高維護(hù)較復(fù)雜。4）并聯(lián)電容器補(bǔ)償裝置：并聯(lián)電容器是無(wú)功負(fù)荷的主要電源之一。它具有投資省，裝設(shè)地點(diǎn)不受自然條件限制，運(yùn)行簡(jiǎn)便可靠等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，故一般首先考慮裝設(shè)并聯(lián)電容器。由于它沒(méi)有旋轉(zhuǎn)部件，維護(hù)也較方便，為了在運(yùn)行中調(diào)節(jié)電容器的功率，可將電容器連接成若干組，根據(jù)負(fù)荷的變化，分組投入或切除。由于本次設(shè)計(jì)的變電站為220KV降壓變電站，以補(bǔ)償?shù)慕嵌葋?lái)選擇，以上四種均能滿足要求，但是從維護(hù)和性能的角度來(lái)考慮，選用靜止補(bǔ)償裝置比較合適。 對(duì)于直接供電的末端邊點(diǎn)所，安裝的最大容性無(wú)功量應(yīng)等于裝置所在母線上的負(fù)荷按提高功率因數(shù)所需補(bǔ)償?shù)淖畲笕菪詿o(wú)功量與主變壓器所需補(bǔ)償?shù)淖畲笕菪詿o(wú)功量之和。把總無(wú)功容量分為兩組，這樣才能更靈活地適應(yīng)系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷以及電壓變化，更有效地改善系統(tǒng)電壓穩(wěn)定，以及負(fù)荷大小所需的無(wú)功容。 ＝（tg－tg）＝（）式中：——有功計(jì)算負(fù)荷（KW） tg——補(bǔ)償前用電單位自然功率因數(shù)角正切 tg——補(bǔ)償后用電單位功率因數(shù)角正切值1）110KV側(cè)的補(bǔ)償無(wú)功量 ＝（）＝200（）＝200（）＝58（MVAR）2）35 KV側(cè)的補(bǔ)償無(wú)功量 ＝（）＝70（）＝70（）＝（MVAR）＝（+）式中：—主變壓器需要補(bǔ)償?shù)淖畲笕菪詿o(wú)功量—需要進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償?shù)淖儔浩饕粋?cè)的阻抗電壓百分值—母線裝設(shè)補(bǔ)償裝置后，通過(guò)變壓器需要補(bǔ)償一側(cè)的最大負(fù)荷電流值—主變壓器需要補(bǔ)償一側(cè)的額定電流值—變壓器空載電流百分比—變壓器需要補(bǔ)償一側(cè)的額定容量1）110KV一側(cè)補(bǔ)償 ＝（+）＝（+）240＝43 （MVAR）所以，110KV側(cè)補(bǔ)償需要的總?cè)菪詿o(wú)功量為：＝＋＝58＋243＝144 （MVAR）2）35KV一側(cè)補(bǔ)償 ＝（+）＝（+）240＝（MVAR）所以，110KV側(cè)補(bǔ)償需要的總?cè)菪詿o(wú)功量為：＝＋＝＋2＝ （MVAR）在降壓變電所中設(shè)置的無(wú)功功率補(bǔ)償裝置，是實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)功功率的就地平衡和保證電壓質(zhì)量的重要手段。無(wú)功補(bǔ)償裝置一般都接在降壓變壓器的低壓側(cè)。過(guò)去在一次變電所中多采用同期調(diào)相機(jī)作為無(wú)功功率補(bǔ)償裝置。在新設(shè)計(jì)的變電所中，由于具有經(jīng)濟(jì)、維護(hù)和安裝的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，多采用靜止補(bǔ)償裝置作為無(wú)功功率補(bǔ)償。本站也采用靜止補(bǔ)償裝置。本章小結(jié)無(wú)功補(bǔ)償是保證電壓質(zhì)量的重要因素，在地區(qū)性變電站中又顯得十分重要，它有利于改變?cè)撾妳^(qū)的電壓質(zhì)量。在本章中著重從本站的條件，對(duì)無(wú)功補(bǔ)償容量進(jìn)行計(jì)算。并選擇了靜止補(bǔ)償裝置。結(jié)束語(yǔ) 本設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書以220KV變電站為例，簡(jiǎn)要介紹了電力系統(tǒng)中變電站部分的一次主接線設(shè)計(jì)：1）對(duì)原始資料進(jìn)行分析，設(shè)計(jì)出從技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)上都比較滿意的主接線形式。2）設(shè)計(jì)出站用電接線形式和備用電源方案。3）選擇高壓電器和母線，然后校驗(yàn)它們的動(dòng)、熱穩(wěn)定性。4）設(shè)計(jì)出本站的防雷和過(guò)電壓防護(hù)系統(tǒng)，其中主要是避雷針的布置。5）最后設(shè)計(jì)出本站的總平面圖和各電壓等級(jí)側(cè)的高壓配電裝置斷面圖，然后進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的運(yùn)行分析。本設(shè)計(jì)只是理論上的設(shè)計(jì)，離實(shí)際工程設(shè)計(jì)還很遠(yuǎn)，而且本設(shè)計(jì)只涉及到一次部分，沒(méi)有提到二次部分，所以設(shè)計(jì)還不完善，有一定的漏洞。本設(shè)計(jì)沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)實(shí)踐，所以我只有在將來(lái)的工作中，多參加實(shí)踐，以補(bǔ)充學(xué)習(xí)上的不足。 設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，還是個(gè)新詞。其中的困難是不言自明的。但在老師的支持及細(xì)心解答下，我最終突破了設(shè)計(jì)困難,達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)的要求。在此,我對(duì)幫助我的老師表示誠(chéng)摯的謝意。此外，我還要對(duì)在這次設(shè)計(jì)中，幫助和支持我的同學(xué)，表示感謝！參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 熊信銀．發(fā)電廠電氣部分．中國(guó)電力出版社，2004年[2] 華智明．張瑞林．電力系統(tǒng)．重慶出版社，2004年[3] 宋繼成．220—500KV變電所電氣接線設(shè)計(jì)．中國(guó)電力出版社，2004年 [4] 文遠(yuǎn)芳．高電壓技術(shù)．華中科技大學(xué)出版社，2005年[5] 孫瑩．王葵．中國(guó)電力出版社 [6] ：中國(guó)電力出版社，1999年[7] ：中國(guó)電力出版社，1995年[8] ：中國(guó)水利水電出版社，1997年.附錄附圖1 方案一電氣主接線圖附圖2 方案二電氣主接線圖附圖3 電氣總平面圖附圖4 220KV配電裝置斷面圖附圖5 110KV配電裝置斷面圖附圖6 35KV配電裝置斷面圖g an employment tribunal claimEmployment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you don39。t agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal.You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven39。tappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any pensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are plaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your pensation if you win the case. This is known as adamagesbased agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can39。t charge you more than 35% of your pensation if you win the case.If you are thinking about signing up for a damagesbased agreement, you should make sure you39。re clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by , click onnearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islandsbased Webb, the head of Fifa39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。s 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City39。s Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me it39。s about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCity39。s 21 win.Michel Platini, president of European football39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。s actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toure39。s plaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day。 May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.　　一字開頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲。或許是愧疚于自己似乎把轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的很多個(gè)不同的日子過(guò)成了同一天的樣子；或許是追溯過(guò)去，對(duì)自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念的醒悟，這些天以來(lái)，思緒一直很凌亂