哈佛化學教授教你寫論文-資料下載頁
2025-01-16 12:21本頁面
【正文】 orderintheResultssection,alloftheparagraphsubheadingsoftheExperimentalsection.Insummary:[總結：]*Startwritingpossibleoutlinesforpapersearlyinaproject.Donotwaituntilthe“end”.Theendmaynevere.[在一個項目開始時，就應該著手去寫可能的論文提綱，而不要等到論文結束的時候。研究可能永遠沒有結尾可言。]*Organizetheoutlineandthepaperaroundeasilyassimilateddatatables,equations,figures,schemesratherthanaroundtext.[整理提綱和論文要圍繞易于接受的數據—表格，方程式，圖表，示意圖，而不是圍繞正文。]*Organizeinorderofimportance,notinchronologicalorder.Animportantdetailinwritingpaperconcernstheweighttobegiventotopics.Neophytesoftenorganizeapaperintermsofchronology:thatis,theyrecounttheirexperimentalprogram,startingwiththeircherishedinitialfailuresandleadinguptoaclimacticsuccessfulfinale.Thisapproachispletelywrong.Startwiththemostimportantresults,andputthesecondaryresultslater,ifatall.Thereaderusuallydoesnotcarehowyouarrivedatyourbigresults,onlywhattheyare.Shorterpapersareeasiertoreadthanlongerones.[不是按照時間順序,而應按重要性來整理。應該從最重要的結果寫起，然后是較重要的結果。讀者們通常不關心你是怎么得到的結果，而只關心結果是什么]3.SomePointsofEnglishStyle[英文文體上的一些要點：]1)Donotusenounsasadjectives:2)Theword“this”mustalwaysbefollowedbyanoun,sothatitsreferenceisexplicit3)Describeexperimentalresultsuniformlyinthepasttense.[描述實驗結果一律要用過去時態(tài)。]4)Usetheactivevoicewheneverpossible.5)Completeallparisons.6)Typeallpapersdoublespaced(notsingleoroneandahalfspaced),andleave1spaceaftercolons,mas,andafterperiodsattheendofsentences.Leavegenerousmargins.(generally,”onbothsidesamp。topamp。bottom).AssumethatwewillwriteallpapersusingthestyleoftheAmericanChemicalSociety.Youcangetagoodideaofthisstylefromthreesources:1)TheJournal.Simplylookatarticlesinthejournalsandcopytheorganizationyouseethere.2)Previouspapersfromthegroup.Bylookingatpreviouspapers,youcanseeexactlyhowapapershould“l(fā)ook”.Ifwhatyouwrotelooksdifferent,itprobablyisnotwhatwewant.3)TheACSStyleGuide:AManualforAuthorsandEditors.(JanetS.Dodd,EditorWashington,.USA1997).Usefuldetail,especiallythesectiononreferences.IalsosuggestyoureadStrunkandWhite,TheElementsofStyle(Longman:NewYork,2000,4thedition)togetasenseforEnglishusage.Twoexcellentbooksonthedesignofgraphsandfiguresare:“TheVisualDisplayofQuantitativeInformation”byEdwardR.Tufte,GraphicsPress(1983)—and“EnvisioningInformation”alsobyEdwardR.Tufte,GraphicsPress(1990).
規(guī)章制度相關推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號-1