【正文】 siness could raise that much money, so 8 major oil panies formed a consortium in order to share the costs. Each pany controlled oil rights to particular shares of land in the oil fields and paid into the pipelineconstruction fund according to the size of its holdings. Today, despite enormous problems of climate, supply shortages, equipment breakdowns, labor disagreements, treacherous terrain, a certain amount of mismanagements and even theft the Alaska pipeline has been pleted and is operating. 61. The passage primarily discusses the pipeline’s__ __ A. operating costs. B. employees. C. consumers. D. construction. 62. The word “it” (Par. 1, sentence 3)refers to__ __ A. pipeline. B. ocean. C. state. D. village. 63. The author mentions all of the following as important in determining the pipeline’s route EXCEPT the__ __ A. climate. B. 1ay of the land itself. C. 1ocal vegetation. D. kind of soil and rock. 64. How many panies shared the costs of constructing the pipeline? A. 3 B. 4 C. 8 D. 12 65. Which of the following determined what percentage of the construction costs each member of the consortium would pay? A. How much oil field land each pany owned? 8 B. How long each pany had owned land in the oil fields? C. How many people worked for each pany? D. How many oil wells were located on the pany’s land? Passage Six On September 7, 2022, a 68yearold woman in Strasbourg, France, had her gall bladder(膽囊 )removed bysurgeons operating, via puter form New York. It was the first plete telesurgery procedure performed by surgeons nearly 4,000 miles away from their patient. In New York, Marescaux teamed up with surgeon Michel Gagner to perform the historic longdistance operation. A highspeed fiberoptic service provided by France Tele made the connection between New York and Strasbourg. The two surgeons controlled the instruments using an advanced robotic surgical system, designed by Computer Motion Inc. that enabled the procedure to be minimally invasive. The patient was released from the hospital after about 48 hours and regained normal activity the following week. The highspeed fiberoptic connection between New York and France made it possible to overe a key obstacle to telesurgery time delay. It was crucial that a continuous time delay of less than 200 milliseconds be maintained throughout the operation, between the surgeon’s movements in New York and the return video(from Strasbourg)on his screen. The delay problem includes video coding decoding and signal transmission time. France Tele’s engineers achieved an average time delay of 150 milliseconds. “I felt as fortable operating on my patient as if I had been in the room,” says Marescaux. The successful collaboration(合作 )among medicine, advanced technology, and telem unications is likely to have enormous implications for patient care and doctor training. Highly skilled surgeons may soon regularly perform especially difficult operations through longdistance procedures. The puter systems used to control surgical movement can also lead to a breakthrough in teaching surgical techniques to a new generation of physicians. More surgeonsintraining will have the opportunity to observe their teachers in action in telesurgery operating rooms around the world. Marescaux describes the success of the remotely performed surgical procedure as the beginning of a “third revolution” in surgery within the last decade. The first was the arrival of minimally invasive surgery, enabling procedures to be performed with guidance by a camera, meaning that the abdomen(腹部 )and thorax(胸腔 )do not have to be opened. The second was the introduction of puterassisted surgery, where plicated software algorithms(計算法 )enhance the safety of the surgeon’s movements during a procedure, making them more accurate, while introducing the concept of distance between the surgeon and the patient. It was thus natural to imagine that this distancecurrently several meters in the operating roomcould potentially be up to several thousand kilometers. 66. The title that best expresses the main idea is__ __ A. How The Second Revolution in Surgery Comes Out. B. The Telesurgery Revolution. C. A Patient Was Saved. D. Dream Comes True. 67. The italicized word “telesurgery” (Par. 1, sentence 2) can be best explained as__ __ A. an operation done over a distance. B. an operation done on television. C. an operation demanding special skill. D. an operation demanding high technology. 68. How long did it take the patient to resume her normal activity after the operation? A. 24 hours B. 48 hours C. About a week D. Almost a month 69. What is the major barrier to telesurgery? A. Distance B. Advanced technology C. Delay D. Medical facilities 70. The writer implies that__ __ A. difficult operation can be successfully performed all over the world now. 9 B. pared to the “third revolution” in surgery, the first two are less important. C. all patients can be cured by a gall bladderremoval operation. D. a new breakthrough has been made in surgery. Part III: Translation (20 points) 71. EnglishChinese Translation (10 points) Dun took a deep breath, thinking over what had been said and searching in his mind for a possible course of action. Not for the first time in his flying career, he felt himself in the grip of an acute sense of apprehension, only this time his awareness of his responsibility for the safety of a huge, plex aircraft and nearly sixty lives was tinged with a sudden icy premonition of disaster. Was this, then what it felt like? Older pilots, those who had been in bat in the war, always maintained that if you kept at the game long enough you39。d buy it in the end. How was it that in the space of half an h