運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)ppt課件-資料下載頁(yè)
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【正文】 ructures: ? body of sphenoid bone 蝶骨體 ? hypophysial fossa 垂體窩 ? optic canal 視神經(jīng)管 ? anterior clinoid process 前床突 ? tuberculum sellae 鞍結(jié)節(jié) ? dorsum sellae 鞍背 ? posterior clinoid process 后床突 ? sella turcica 蝶鞍 Meddle cranial fossa 顱中窩 ? carotid sulcus 頸動(dòng)脈溝 ? superior orbital fissure 眶上裂 ? foramen rotundum 圓孔 ? foramen ovale 卵圓孔 ? foramen spinosum 棘孔 ? sulcus for middle meningeal artery 腦膜中動(dòng)脈溝 ? foramen lacerum 破裂孔 ? internal opening of carotid canal 頸脈管內(nèi)口 ? trigeminal impression 三叉神經(jīng)壓跡 ? tegmen tympani 鼓室蓋 Posterior cranial fossa 顱后窩 ? Formed by occipital and the petrous part of temporal ? Structures: ? foramen magnum 枕骨大孔 ? clivus 斜坡 ? internal opening of hypoglossal canal 舌下神經(jīng)管內(nèi)口 ? internal occipital protuberance 枕內(nèi)隆凸 ? internal occipital crest枕內(nèi)嵴 ? sulcus for transverse sinus 橫竇溝 ? sulcus for sigmoid sinus 乙狀竇溝 ? jugular foramen 頸靜脈孔 ? internal acoustic pore 內(nèi)耳門(mén) ? internal acoustic meatus 內(nèi)耳道 Skull seen from below (inferior view) ? alveolar arch 牙槽弓 ? bony palate 骨腭 ? median palatine suture 腭正中縫 ? incisive foramina 切牙孔 ? incisive canal 切牙管 ? greater palatine foramen 腭大孔 ? posterior nasal apertures 鼻后孔 ? pterygoid process 翼突 ? occipital condyle 枕髁 ? external opening of hypoglossal canal 舌下神經(jīng)管外口 ? external opening of carotid canal 頸動(dòng)脈管外口 ? styloid process 莖突 ? stylomastoid foramen 莖乳孔 ? mandibular fossa 下頜窩 ? articular tubercle 關(guān)節(jié)結(jié)節(jié) Lateral view of the skull 顱側(cè)面觀(guān) ? external acoustic pore 外耳門(mén) ? mastoid process 乳突 ? zygomatic arch 顴弓 ? temporal fossa 顳窩 ? pterion 翼點(diǎn) ? pterygomaxillary fissure 翼上頜裂 ? pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窩 ? sphenopalatine foramen 蝶腭孔 Skull viewed from the front (anterior view) 顱的前面觀(guān) ? Frontal region: ? frontal squama 額鱗 ? frontal tuber 額結(jié)節(jié) ? superciliary arch 眉弓 ? glabella 眉間 Orbit 眶 pyramidshaped paired cavities ? Base: supraorbital notch 眶上切跡 infraorbital foramen 眶下孔 ? Apex: optic canal 視神經(jīng)管 ? Walls ? Superior: fossa for lacrimal gland 淚腺窩 ? Medial: fossa for lacrimal sac 淚囊窩 ? Inferior: infraorbital fissure 眶下裂 ? infraorbital groove 眶下溝 ? infraorbital canal 眶下管 Bony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔 ? Roof: cribriform plate of ethmoid ? Floor: bony palate ? Lateral wall ? Three nasal conchae (superior, middle and inferior) 上、中、下鼻甲 ? Nasal meatus underlying each concha (superior, middle and inferior) 上、中、下鼻道 ? Sphenoethmoidal recess蝶篩隱窩 above superior nasal concha ? Anterior ― piriform aperture 梨狀孔 ? Posterior ― posterior nasal aperture 鼻后孔 municates with pharynx Paranasal sinuses 鼻旁竇 ? Frontal sinus 額竇 ? Lies in frontal bone, deep to superciliary arch ? Drain to anterior part of middle meatus ? Maxillary sinus 上頜竇 ? Largest paired sinus, lie in the body of maxilla。 ? Opening into middle nasal meatus ? Ethmoidal cellules 篩竇 ? Lie in ethmoidal bone, contains large number of air cells, divided into anterior, middle and posterior groups ? Anterior and middle groups drain into middle nasal meatus, while posterior group drains into superior nasal meatus ? Sphenoidal sinus 蝶竇 ? Lies in body of sphenoid bone ? Drain into sphenoethmoidal recess General characters of the skull at birth ? The skull at birth is large in proportion to rest of the skeleton ―1/4 (adult 1/7) ? The facial portion equals about one eight that of the cranium in size, whereas in adult it is one half (1/4) ? Many bones consist of more than one piece ? Cranial frontanelles ―unossified membrane between the bones at the angles of parietal ? Anterior frontanelle ―closes during middle of 2nd year ? Posterior frontanelle ―closes by the end of 2nd month after birth ? Mastoid fontanelle ? Sphenoidal fontanelle
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