chap14競爭市場中的企業(yè)-資料下載頁
2025-05-14 21:49本頁面
【正文】 ?在零利潤均衡時(shí)，企業(yè)的收益應(yīng)該補(bǔ)償所有者期望用于使其企業(yè)維持的時(shí)間和金錢。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. ? Marginal Firm 邊際企業(yè) ?The marginal firm is the firm that would exit the market if the price were any lower. 邊際企業(yè) —— 如果價(jià)格有任何下降就退出市場的企業(yè)。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary ?Because a petitive firm is a price taker, its revenue is proportional to the amount of output it produces. ?The price of the good equals both the firm’s average revenue and its marginal revenue. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 小結(jié) ?因?yàn)楦偁幤髽I(yè)是價(jià)格接受者，所以它的收益與產(chǎn)量是同比例的。 ?物品的價(jià)格等于企業(yè)的平均收益和邊際收益。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary ?To maximize profit a firm chooses the quantity of output such that marginal revenue equals marginal cost. ?This is also the quantity at which price equals marginal cost. ?Therefore, the firm’s marginal cost curve is its supply curve. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 小結(jié) ?為了利潤最大化，企業(yè)選擇使邊際收益等于邊際成本的產(chǎn)量。 ?這一產(chǎn)量也是價(jià)格等于邊際成本的產(chǎn)量。 ?因此，企業(yè)的邊際成本曲線就是它的供給曲線。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary ?In the short run when a firm cannot recover its fixed costs, the firm will choose to shut down temporarily if the price of the good is less than average variable cost. ?In the long run when the firm can recover both fixed and variable costs, it will choose to exit if the price is less than average total cost. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 小結(jié) ?在短期中，當(dāng)企業(yè)不能收回其固定成本時(shí)，如果物品價(jià)格小于平均可變成本，企業(yè)將選擇停止?fàn)I業(yè)。 ?在長期中，如果價(jià)格小于平均總成本，企業(yè)不能收回其固定成本和可變成本，企業(yè)將選擇退出市場。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary ?In a market with free entry and exit, profits are driven to zero in the long run and all firms produce at the efficient scale. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 小結(jié) ?在可以自由進(jìn)入與退出的市場中，長期利潤為零，所有企業(yè)在有效規(guī)模時(shí)生產(chǎn)。
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