【導(dǎo)讀】數(shù)控機(jī)床集計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)，電子技術(shù)，自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)，傳感測(cè)量，機(jī)械制造，是典型的機(jī)電一體化產(chǎn)品。它的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用開(kāi)創(chuàng)了制造業(yè)的新時(shí)代，改變了制造。業(yè)的生產(chǎn)方式，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，管理方式，使世界制造業(yè)的格局發(fā)生了巨大的變化。因此對(duì)數(shù)控車(chē)床的刀架系統(tǒng)相關(guān)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行研究，探索數(shù)控車(chē)床轉(zhuǎn)塔刀架的組成和工。序，使加工范圍擴(kuò)大，大大提高了加工精度和生產(chǎn)效率。部分是這次設(shè)計(jì)中的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，同時(shí)也是難點(diǎn)。

　　

【正文】 . 淺談數(shù)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) [J]. 赤峰學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào) . 2021. [4] 楊曉輝 .機(jī)電一體化實(shí)用手冊(cè) [M].科學(xué)出版社 .2021. [5] 機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)編寫(xiě)組．機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè) [M]．北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社． 1986． [6] 孫恒，陳作模．機(jī)械原理 [M]．高等教育出版社， . [7] 煙臺(tái)德力精密機(jī)械有限公司． [8] 濮良貴 ，紀(jì)名剛．機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì) [M]．高等教育出版社， . [9] 成大先．機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)單行本聯(lián)接與緊固 [M]．化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社， . [10] 哈爾冰工業(yè)大學(xué)理論力學(xué)教研室 .理論力學(xué) [M].高等教育出版社， . [11] 劉鴻文 ．材料力學(xué) [M]．高等教育出版社， . [12] 謝群．液壓與氣壓傳動(dòng) [M]．國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社， . [13] 成大先．機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)單行本軸承 [M]．化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社， . [14] 成大先．機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)單行本潤(rùn)滑與密封 [M]．化學(xué)工業(yè)出版 社， . [15] Outrata machine tools[J] ． Modern Manufacturing Engineering ， :1720. [16] Xinjun Zhao. Primary Investigation of Machine Tool’s Appearance Modeling Design[A]. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation. 沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 33 附錄 A The Lathe Lathe Construction A lathe is a machine tool used primarily for producing surfaces of revolution and flat edges. Based on their purpose, construction, number of tools that can simultaneously be mounted, and degree of automation, lathesor, more accurately, lathetype machine tools can be classified as follows: (1)Engine lathes (2)Toolroom lathes (3)Turret lathes (4)Vertical turning and boring mills (5)Automatic lathes (6)Specialpurpose lathes In spite of that diversity of lathetype machine tools, they all have mon features with respect to construction and principle of operation. These features can best be illustrated by considering the monly used representative type, the engine lathe. Lathe bed. The lathe bed is the main frame, involving a horizontal beam on two vertical supports. It is usually made of grey or nodular cast iron to damp vibrations and is made by casting. It has guideways to allow the carriage to slide easily lengthwise. The height of the lathe bed should be appropriate to enable the technician to do his or her job easily and fortably. Headstock. The headstock is fixed at the left hand side of the lathe bed and includes the spindle whose axis is parallel to the guideways (the slide surface of the bed). The spindle is driven through the gearbox, which is housed within the headstock. The function of the gearbox is to provide a number of different spindle speeds (usually 6 up to 18 speeds). Some modern lathes have headstocT with infinitely variable spindle speeds, which employ frictional ,electrical ,or hydraulic drives. The spindle is always hollow, i. e., it has a through hole extending lengthwise. Bar stocT can be fed through that hole if continuous production is adopted. Also, that hole has a tapered surface to allow mounting a plain lathe center. The outer surface of the spindle is threaded to allow mounting of a cTck, a face plate, or the like. 沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 34 Tailstock. The tailstock assembly consists basically of three parts, its lower base, an intermediate part, and the quill. The lower base is a casting that can slide on the lathe bed along the guideways, and it has a clamping device to enable locking the entire tailstock at any desired location, depending upon the length of the workpiece. The intermediate part is a casting that can be moved transversely to enable alignment of the axis of the tailstock with that of the headstock. The third part, the quill, is a hardened steel tube, which can be moved longitudinally in and out of the intermediate part as required. This is achieved through the use of a handwheel and a screw, around which a nut fixed to the quill is engaged. The hole in the open side of the quill is tapered to enable mounting of lathe centers or other tools like twist drills or boring bars. The quill can be locked at any point along its travel path by means of a clamping device. The carriage. The main function of the carriage is mounting of the cutting tools and generating longitudinal and/or cross feeds. It is actually an Hshaped block that slides on the lathe bed between the headstock and tailstock while being guided by the Vshaped guideways of the bed. The carriage can be moved either manually or mechanically by means of the apron and either the feed rod or the lead screw. When cutting screw threads, power is provided to the gearbox of the apron by the lead screw. In all other turning operations, it is the feed rod that drives the carriage. The lead screw goes through a pair of half nuts, which are fixed to the rear of the apron. When actuating a certain lever, the half nuts are clamped together and engage with the rotating lead screw as a single nut, which is fed, together with the carriage, along the bed. When the lever is disengaged, the half nuts are released and the carriage stops. On the other hand, when the feed rod is used, it supplies power to the apron through a worm gear. The latter is keyed to the feed rod and travels with the apron along the feed rod, which has a keyway extending to cover its whole length. A modern lathe usually has a quickchange gearbox located under the headstock and driven from the spindle through a train of gears. It is connected to both the feed rod and the lead screw and enables selecting a variety of feeds easily and rapidly by simply shifting the appropriate levers. The quickchange gearbox is employed in plain turning, facing and thread cutting 沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 35 operations. Since that gearbox is linked to the spindle, the distance that the apron (and the cuttingtool) travels for each revolution of the spindle can be controlled and is referred to as the feed. Lathe Cutting Tools The shape and geometry of the lathe tools depend upon the purpose for which they are employed. Turning tools can be classified into two main groups, namely, external cutting tools and internal cutting tools. Each of these two groups include the following types of tools: Turning tools. Turning tools can be either finishing or rough turning tools. Rough turning tools have small nose radii and are employed when deep cuts are made. On the other hand, finishing tools have larger nose