中國(guó)制成品出口國(guó)內(nèi)技術(shù)含量及影響因素外文資料翻譯-其他專(zhuān)業(yè)-資料下載頁(yè)
2025-01-19 00:25本頁(yè)面
【導(dǎo)讀】為什么中國(guó)出的出口狀況如此特殊？上個(gè)世紀(jì)的后十五年，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展創(chuàng)造了最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)奇跡。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)以前所未有、難以預(yù)計(jì)的速度突飛猛進(jìn)。更重要的是,這樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)將數(shù)以億計(jì)的人從貧困中解放出。來(lái)，改善了人們的衛(wèi)生醫(yī)療水平，提高了教育和其他社會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。中國(guó)使用自己的在實(shí)踐基。國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式卻處于一個(gè)非常不正統(tǒng)的體制邊緣。即使以前中國(guó)對(duì)外封閉，沒(méi)有融入全球經(jīng)濟(jì)，中國(guó)可能也經(jīng)獲得了發(fā)展。30%，這樣的增長(zhǎng)速率在世界上前所未有。零上升至GDP的5%。這些都從側(cè)面反映出中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界上最大的貿(mào)易國(guó)之一，其貿(mào)。國(guó)相對(duì)要素稟賦的差異相關(guān)聯(lián)。EXPY的指標(biāo),用來(lái)測(cè)算與一個(gè)國(guó)家的出口總量相關(guān)的技術(shù)復(fù)雜度。以對(duì)6位數(shù)字分類(lèi)商品分類(lèi)范圍內(nèi)的超過(guò)5000種產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行計(jì)算。印度、香港和韓國(guó)EXPY的走勢(shì)情況。實(shí)證明，一國(guó)EXPY的最初水平和該國(guó)隨后的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)有這緊密的聯(lián)系。一國(guó)出口生產(chǎn)率增加一倍，可以使該國(guó)的人均GDP總量增加約6%。
【正文】 Ireland) but it does help explain it. Appendix I Construction of PRODY and EXPY PRODY is the weighted sum of the per capita GDP of countries exporting a given product and, therefore, represents the ine level associated with each of these goods. Let countries be indexed by j and goods be indexed by l. For any given year, the value of total exports of country j equals: Let the percapita GDP of country j be denoted by Yj. Then the PRODY index for good k is: The numerator of the weight Xjk/Xj is the valueshare of the modity in the country’s overall export basket. The denominator of the weight, , aggregates the valueshare across all countries exporting the good. By using export share rather than export volume, the weighting scheme tries to ensure that adequate weight is given exports that are important to smaller poorer countries. EXPY for country i is given in turn by: This is a weighted index of the representative ine associated a country’ s exports, where the weight is simply the value share of the product in the country’s total exports. Our trade data es from the United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database (COMTRADE). The dataset includes products at the 6digit level in the Harmonized System for the years 1992 to 2021. The value of exports is measured in current US dollars, which we then convert to 2021 dollars for parison with real GDP per capita series. The number of countries that report the trade data vary considerably from year to year. However, we construct the PRODY measure for a consistent sample of countries that reported trade data in each of the years 1999, 2021 and 2021. After deleting some missing observations, our dataset consists of 5023 PRODY observations. Note that we use the average PRODY from 1999–2021 to construct the EXPY index, so that the PRODY that go into the construction of EXPY themselves do not vary over the years. References [1]Hausmann, Ricardo and Dani Rodrik, 2021, “Economic development as selfdiscovery,” Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 72, Issue 2, pp. 603633. [2]Hausmann, Ricardo, Jason Hwang and Dani Rodrik, 2021, “What you export matters,” National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA. [3]Huchet, JeanFrancois, 1997, “The China circle and technological development in the Chinese electronics industry,” in Barry Naughton, ed., The China Circle: Economics and Electronics in the PRC, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press. [4]Kraemer, Kenh L. and Jason Dedrick, 2021, “Creating a Computer Industry Giant: China’s Industrial Policies and Outes in the 1990s,” Center forResearch on Information Technology and Organizations, UC Irvine. [5]Lardy, Nicholas, 2021, “China: The great new economic challenge?” Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC. [6]Lo,Dic and Thomas M. H. Chan, 1998, “Machinery and China’s nexus of foreign trade and economic growth,” Journal of International Development, Vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 733–49. [7]Mayer, J and Adrian Wood, 2021, “South Asia’s exports in a parative perspective,” Oxford Development Studies, Vol. 29, No. 1, . [8]McKinsey Global Institute, 2021, New Horizons: Multinational Company Investment in Developing Economies, McKinsey Global Institute, San Francisco. [9]Prasad, Eswar, ed., 2021, China’s Growth and Integration into the World Economy: Prospects and Challenges, IMF Occasional Paper 232, IMF, Washington, DC.
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