【正文】 who know thoroughly everything.（5）Which of the following figures of speech(修辭手法) are used in the article? a. exemplification(舉例)b. exaggeration(夸張)c. personification(擬人)d. irony(諷刺)e. analogy (類(lèi)比)（6）In the last paragraph, the author mainly _______. a new idea a new question some new evidence his viewpoint【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）C（4）B（5）B（6）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)通常存在外部世界的學(xué)習(xí)中，在學(xué)校里，學(xué)生才會(huì)不愿意學(xué)習(xí)，固定模式的學(xué)校教育顯然不能滿足于孩子對(duì)知識(shí)的渴望。學(xué)校教師遠(yuǎn)非令人滿意和必要。 （1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“If there were no teachers—no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything—but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing—we might get along with our learning pretty well.”可知，如果沒(méi)有老師——沒(méi)有那些本應(yīng)知道一切的倉(cāng)促而膚淺的訓(xùn)練有素的女灶神星——而只是那些熱情而徹底地知道一件事并有耐心向小男孩和女孩展示如何做這件事的普通人——我們可能會(huì)很好地學(xué)習(xí)。所以作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要想說(shuō)學(xué)校教師遠(yuǎn)非令人滿意和必要。故選C。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“They do not go to somebody who is supposed to know about everything —except, when they are very young, to their parents”可知，他們不會(huì)去問(wèn)什么都知道的人——這不包括他們很小的時(shí)候，去找他們的父母。所以通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)境可以判斷出，這個(gè)什么都知道的人是除了父母之外的人也就是老師。故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture。 and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brushstroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix。 and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, We will go on with that tomorrow, and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble。 and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play ‘The Rock of Ages on a flute’ ”可知，當(dāng)你往開(kāi)著的門(mén)里看時(shí)，你看到一個(gè)人正在工作，正在畫(huà)畫(huà)；假設(shè)就在這時(shí)，一個(gè)鈴響了，那個(gè)人停止了繪畫(huà)，開(kāi)始大聲朗讀“他們是如何把好消息從根特帶到艾克斯的”；假設(shè)當(dāng)他讀到一半時(shí)，鈴又響了，他說(shuō)，“我們明天繼續(xù)，”并開(kāi)始用鑿子雕刻一塊大理石的表面；然后，過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，有點(diǎn)累了，開(kāi)始用笛子吹奏《時(shí)代之石》。所以通過(guò)這個(gè)教學(xué)過(guò)程可以判斷出，一個(gè)人教所有的東西影響了學(xué)習(xí)的效率。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“It is only in school that the pupil is expected to be unwilling to learn.”可知，只有在學(xué)校里，學(xué)生才會(huì)不愿意學(xué)習(xí)。由此推斷出學(xué)校是扼殺學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣和意愿的地方。故選B。 （5）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“When a man buys a motorcar, he does not say to himself: “Where can I find somebody who can teach me how to run a motor car? ”可知，短文主要運(yùn)用了舉例的修辭手法，說(shuō)明當(dāng)一個(gè)人想學(xué)習(xí)新事物時(shí)的求助對(duì)象；第三段中的“When you were a child, and passed the door of the village blacksmith(鐵匠) shop, and looked in, day after day, you admired his skill, and stood in awe of his strength。 and if he had offered to let you blow the bellows for him and shown you how to make a redhot penny, that would have been a proud moment. It would also have been an educational one. But suppose there had been a new shop set up in the town, and when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture。 and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brushstroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix。 and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, We will go on with that tomorrow, and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble。 and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play The Rock of Ages on a flute, interrupting the tune to order you to stand up straight and not whisper to the little boy beside you.”可知，本段將鐵匠埔和新店進(jìn)行了類(lèi)比，來(lái)類(lèi)比兩種教育模式，并以諷刺的修辭方法描述了新店的教育模式。綜合選項(xiàng)。故選B。 （6）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“If there were no teachers—no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything—but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing—we might get along with our learning pretty well”可知，如果沒(méi)有老師——沒(méi)有那些本應(yīng)知道一切的倉(cāng)促而膚淺的訓(xùn)練有素的女灶神星——而只是那些熱情而徹底地知道一件事并有耐心向小男孩和女孩展示如何做這件事的普通人——我們可能會(huì)很好地學(xué)習(xí)”所以最后一段在強(qiáng)調(diào)作者的觀點(diǎn)“學(xué)校教師遠(yuǎn)非令人滿意和必要”。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, nofat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word diet everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential（潛力）of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically. Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, highcalorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤) instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word diet in food labels. On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zerocalorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don39。t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain es without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle. The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous. Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that es from using them.（1）From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________. products fail to bring out people39。s potential have difficulty in choosing diet products products are misleading people are fed up with diet products（2）In Paragraph 3, gain es without pain probably means_______.