【正文】 了回收塑料和玻璃。所以根據(jù)上下文的語境可以判斷出，劃線詞的意思為“取消”。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Even though the benefits of recycling over disposal are various, individuals should keep in mind that it better serves the environment to reduce and reuse materials before recycling even bees an option.”盡管回收比處理的好處有很多，大家應該記住，在回收成為一個選擇之前，減少垃圾和反復利用物品對環(huán)境是更有利的。，可推知，作者是想提醒大家要有資源節(jié)約的意識。故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Debates over the benefits of recycling started in 1996 when a writer called John Tierney said ‘recycling is garbage’.”自從1996年作家John Tierney說“回收是垃圾”時，關于垃圾回收的好處的討論就開始了?？芍蔬xB。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 The United States is home to 562 recognized American Indian Nations each with its own language. Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribe39。s language has decreased over the past century. Now, Indian Nations are trying different ways to expand the number of native speakers, and increase interest in their munities to learn tribal languages. Since the late 1800s many American Indian children have attended boarding schools. At that time, Indian children were required to attend schools by law, and the government forced Indian families to send their children to such schools. The children were separated from their families. and given English name The teachers often taught native American students in English, instead of the language of their parents. They were told they needed to learn English in order to get a job, earn money and buy a house or nice things. However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members. At least one organization is turning to modern technologyThe Sealaska Heritage Institute, a nonprofit group, has developed two apps for speakers of the Tlingit language. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a reference for important language topics such as conversation phrases, number, and letters. The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left. in addition, very few young people are able to speak Tlingit. Currently there are two apps, called Learning Tlingit and Tlingit Language Games. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a language guide. It provides Tlingit words and expressions, the tribal alphabet, as well as a basic list of the words included. With the Tlingit Language Games app, users are given a choice of different places of environments, like a house, forest or ocean.（1）What is the problem the native Americans are facing now? number of native Americans has been increasing. and fewer native Americans speak their own language. native language has been extinct.39。s hard to increase the interest of hearing native languages.（2）What will be the result if more and more native Americans only speak English? will get better jobs and higher pay. will teach their own children to speak English. will lose their history and culture. will get along well with the government.（3）What can we know about Tlingit? can help the native people know some language topics. can help the: native people earn money and buy a. house or nice things is a very popular app among the native speakers is a native language spoken by fewer than 200 people.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? Indian tribes39。 efforts to increase native speakers. for the disappearance of some American Indian languages. to help the native tribes lead a traditional life. popularity of the language learning apps.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法來增加本族語言的使用，否則，他們的本族語言將面臨嚴重的危機。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribe39。s language has decreased over the past century. ”但是能說他們本族語言的本地美國人的數(shù)量在過去的一個世紀中已將減少?？芍?，會說本族語的美國土著的人數(shù)在過去的一個多世紀中已經(jīng)減少了，故選B。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members.”然而，害怕失去自己的歷史和文化，許多印第安部落嘗試新的方法來提升族人的本族語使用能力?？芍?，如果越來越多的族人只說英語，他們將會失去自己的歷史和文化。故選C。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第九段中的“The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left.”特林吉特部落有大約一萬人。他們主要居住在阿拉斯加東南部。但是就2013年的統(tǒng)計，這個部落只有125人可以說自己民族的語言，可知，現(xiàn)在僅僅有不到兩百人可以說這種語言了，故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美國印第安人在民族語言方面面臨的處境以及這一處境引起的擔憂，最后四段提出了針對這一問題的解決方案：美國的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）來增加本族語使用人數(shù)。選項A中efforts能凸顯人們這一問題的擔心及在努力尋求解決方案方面所做的努力。故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Half a Day I walked alongside my father, holding his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time. Why school? I asked my father. What have I done? I39。m not punishing you, he said, laughing. School39。s not a punishment. It39。s a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don39。t you want to be useful like your brothers? I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, highwalled building. When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. Go in by you, said my father, and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others. I hesitated and squeezed his hand firmly, but he gently pushed me from him. Be a man, he said. Today you truly begin life. You will find me waiting for you when it39。s time to leave. I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, Who brought you? My father, I whispered. My father39。s dead, he said simply. I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed.