【正文】 it isn39。t very effective. Drugs like opiates are strong painkillers but easy to be addicted and often have other bad effects. Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now. But don39。t despair。 you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance. For ongoing pain, music and exercise may be the best choices to help you reduce the feeling of it. Scientist at Harvard have recently done a quite horrible study on mice. They made the mice experience extremes of hot and cold, applied pressure to their back legs and injected the capsaicin (辣椒素) into their feet. And then they timed how long it took them to respond to the pain. Lack of sleep increased the disfort, while stimulants (興奮劑) such as caffeine made them less responsive to pain. This has been widely reported that a good night39。s sleep and a cup of coffee in the morning may help reduce pain. But anyway don39。t throw the pills away because the study also shows taking small doses of drugs, such as for short periods of time can be effective and safe as long as your heart is in good condition.（1）Which of the following painkillers has fewest sideeffects? ....（2）What does the underlined word “despair” in Paragraph 2 refer to? it seriously. any risks. hope. doubtful.（3）The example of mice is used to show that ____ can stand extreme pressure sleep and coffee may decrease pain and feet are more sensitive to pain and stimulants can help reduce pain（4）What is the text mainly about? to stop taking painkillers. new way of reducing pain. risk of taking painkillers. to avoid painkillers39。side effects.【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，根據(jù)《英國醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》的一項(xiàng)新研究，止痛藥正變成一種真正的疼痛。只服用一周就會使心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加50%。文章主要說明了止痛藥存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，以及說明了其他一些可以有助于減輕疼痛的方法。研究還表明，只要你的心臟狀況良好，服用小劑量的藥物仍然是有效和安全的。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“The research suggested that the risk related to the use of certain drugs was greatest with higher doses (服用量) and during the first month of use. The potential risk may increase by 75% for medicines like ibuprofen (布洛芬) and naproxen, and more than 100% for rofecoxib.”研究表明，在使用某些藥物的第一個(gè)月，服用高劑量藥物的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最大。布洛芬和萘普生等藥物的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能增加75%，羅非昔布增加100%以上；及第二段中的“Paracetamol has very few unless taken too much, in which case it can cause serious liver danger, but it isn39。t very effective.”撲熱息痛的含量很少，除非服用過量，在這種情況下，它會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的肝危險(xiǎn)，但不是很有效，可知，在Ibuprofen，Naproxen，Rofecoxib和Paracetamol四種藥物之中，Paracetamol的副作用最小。故選D。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now.”也許你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你現(xiàn)在處于一個(gè)兩難的境地；以及“you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance”你可以向疼痛診所尋求一些專業(yè)指導(dǎo))可知，雖然也許你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你現(xiàn)在處于一個(gè)兩難的境地，但是不必絕望，你還可以向疼痛診所尋求一些專業(yè)指導(dǎo)。故劃線單詞意思是“絕望的”。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“…a good night39。s sleep and a cup of coffee in the morning may help reduce pain.”晚上睡個(gè)好覺，早上喝杯咖啡有助于減輕疼痛，可知，老鼠的例子表明良好的睡眠和咖啡可以減輕疼痛。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Painkillers are turning out to be a real pain: according to a new study in the British Medical Journal. Taking them for just a week can increase your risk of heart attack by 50%. ”根據(jù)《英國醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》的一項(xiàng)新研究，止痛藥正變成一種真正的疼痛。只服用一周就會使心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加50%)結(jié)合文章主要內(nèi)容為說明止痛藥存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，以及應(yīng)對方法，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you39。re not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (獎杯)? If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She39。s a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn39。t have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best. The trophy has to stand for something, Dweck told TFK. If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value. Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best. Others say that there39。s no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved. I think we should encourage kids39。 participation in sports, says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. A trophy is one way to encourage kids39。 efforts. Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. Winning is only part of the equation (等式), Barish told TFK. Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise. There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about petition as they get older, says Barish. They39。ll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there39。s nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.（1）According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy? , the most attractive player of the soccer team., a soccer player who is both clever and funny., who is ready to help his partners to score goals., a soccer player who tries his best to win the game（2）Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with? is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone. fond of playing sports should be rewarded. should be given trophies for trying their best. is necessary to encourage kids39。 participation in sports.（3）The underlined phrase single out in Paragraph 6 probably means ________． （4）What is the best title of the passage? deserves a trophy? kids deserve a trophy does a trophy deserve? player deserves a trophy【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。如果孩子參加體育比賽，那么是不是每個(gè)人都該得到獎杯呢？作者就這個(gè)問題給出了兩種不同的看法。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who pla