【正文】 a long term workless family. The issues faced by children in workless families have very bad influence on their development and education, limiting their future employment prospects, and reducing their opportunities to succeed throughout their lives. Not only does worklessness reduce family ine, it can also damage families39。 health and stability, and thus destroy children39。s development. This is because many workless families are held back by disadvantages such as debt, drug and alcohol dependency, and by homelessness. Suffering from the family problems, many children face a greater and greater possibility of repeating the poor outes of their parents. Government research has shown that children in workless families are almost twice as likely not to reach the expected level at all stages of their education. For example, threequarters of children from families where no one works failed to reach the expected level at General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), pared to around half of children in lowerine working families. So attention should be paid to children in outofwork homes. Having working parents means a child is more likely to do better at school, to have better health, education and development, and also means they are less likely to fall into crime. But for some families, worklessness, or not employment, is the norm. They just choose not to work. These families often face huge barriers to getting on with their lives but they take the opportunities offered by the society. Parents39。 ability to work is frustrated by issues like low skills or poor mental or physical health, or drug and alcohol dependency, leaving children without the stability they need. We all want to help workless families with plex problems so that their children can take advantage of the opportunities in Britain. We all want parents to have the chance to go out to earn a living and to enjoy the pleasure of work, so that their children can benefit from the good examples of working parents. In doing so, we should know the need to understand the plex issues that some families face and to develop a new approach to deal with poverty. Because the root causes are not financial. It is about helping families overe the problems they face so that they can go as far as their talents and hard work will take them. We shouldn39。t retreat from acting to deal with disadvantages, because we know the costs of inaction to individuals, munities and society.（1）According to the author, children in workless families may . A.have better performance at schoolB.take chances to go out to earn a livingC.be more able to deal with their problemsD.live the same lifestyles that their parents had（2）The underlined word norm in the fifth paragraph probably means . A.a huge barrierB.a turning pointC.a typical standardD.an unusual event（3）In the last paragraph the author mainly talked about . A.raising of social welfareB.solutions to the problemsC.development of the societyD.reforming of the government（4）The main purpose of the passage is to . A.introduce a study on children in workless familiesB.appeal to the readers to help children in workless familiesC.present a new approach to deal with poverty of workless familiesD.pare children39。s performances in workless families and lowine ones【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，就家庭成員沒有工作的狀況會給孩子在學習，就業(yè)和生活上帶來負面影響這一問題進行了討論。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的Suffering from the family problems, many children face a greater and greater possibility of repeating the poor outes of their parents.很多遭遇家庭孩子更有可能重蹈父母的覆轍，可知，這些孩子很有可能過和父母一樣的生活。故選D。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“But for some families, worklessness, or not employment, is the norm.”但是對于一些家庭來說，失業(yè)和不就業(yè)是一個典型的例子。聯(lián)系上文可知，一般的失業(yè)家庭是因為疾病，就業(yè)壓力等外部原因。但此處提到的家庭是they just choose not work自己選擇不工作,所以這種家庭是典型例子。故選C。 （3）考查段落大意。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ In doing so, we should know the need to understand the plex issues that some families face and to develop a new approach to deal with poverty. Because the root causes are not financial. It is about helping families overe the problems they face so that they can go as far as their talents and hard work will take them”在這樣做的時候，我們應該知道有必要了解一些家庭面臨的復雜問題，并制定一種處理貧窮問題的新辦法。因為根本原因不是經(jīng)濟原因。它是幫助家庭克服他們所面臨的問題，使他們能夠盡其所能地發(fā)揮他們的才能并努力工作。可知，本段主要講幫助那些失業(yè)家庭的方法。故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“We all want to help workless families with plex problems so that their children can take advantage of the opportunities in Britain. We all want parents to have the chance to go out to earn a living and to enjoy the pleasure of work, so that their children can benefit from the good examples of working parents.”我們想要幫助情況復雜的無就業(yè)家庭，這樣他們的孩子就可以利用在英國的機會。我們想要父母出去掙錢，享受工作的樂趣，這樣孩子也可以從父母的榜樣中受益，表達了想幫助這些家庭的強烈愿望，和殷切希望。所以短文的目的是呼吁讀者幫助無就業(yè)家庭的孩子。故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和段落大意四個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 History is full of tales of great ideas taking shape in sleeping minds。 Paul McCartney said that he awoke with the tune of Yesterday in his head, and Robert Louis Stevenson said that the idea for The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde came to him in a dream. Scientists believe that the mind at night puts together bits of information in creative ways. Throughout the day your brain rarely gets a chance to stop and think. It constantly responds to a stream of challenges, from writing a report for a work deadline to remembering where you left your car keys and figuring out what to buy for dinner. Think of your brain like a web, says Russell Foster, Professor of Neuroscience at Oxford University. During the day the web is very tight, so you can only put information in a certain number of places. During sleep the web expands, and with the luxury of time, those bits of information can be put into lots of different places and make new associations. He adds that this process may help to foster the formation of new ideas. This bringing tog