【正文】 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”可知在過(guò)去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售現(xiàn)金交易數(shù)量下降了80％；再根據(jù)“In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.”可知在中國(guó),數(shù)字支付從2012年占所有支付的4％上升到2017年的34％。瑞典和中國(guó)的共同點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)金支付減少,電子支付比例上升,由此可推斷作者提到瑞典和中國(guó)是為了說(shuō)明數(shù)字支付正成為一種不可阻擋的趨勢(shì)。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的 “But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets)... Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage oldfashioned customers with heavy fees.”可知現(xiàn)金消失的一個(gè)重要原因就是諸如銀行和科技公司（在發(fā)達(dá)市場(chǎng)）和電信公司（在新興市場(chǎng)）之類的供應(yīng)商正在開(kāi)發(fā)快速,易于使用的支付技術(shù),他們可以從中提取數(shù)據(jù)和小費(fèi)。運(yùn)行現(xiàn)金經(jīng)濟(jì)背后的基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)需要付出高昂的成本,這些基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施包括自動(dòng)取款機(jī),載有紙幣的貨車,接受硬幣的出納員。大多數(shù)金融公司都渴望放棄它,或者以高昂的費(fèi)用勸阻老式客戶。也就是供應(yīng)商為了減少成本,獲取數(shù)據(jù)和小費(fèi),開(kāi)發(fā)了更便捷的支付方式,導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)金支付的減少。故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，,作者提到無(wú)現(xiàn)金支付即電子支付的好處,也提到電子支付引起的擔(dān)憂,對(duì)待電子支付是客觀的,故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 NASA has a new job listing, and it39。s no joke. The US space agency is looking for a joker to join their planned mission to Mars. A mission to Mars is no laughing matter. On average, the red planet is 140 million miles (225 million kilometers) away from Earth. A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft. And Mars has a munications delay of 20 minutes. This means that astronauts will have to wait 20 minutes for a reply, when an emergency happens. When you39。re living with others in a confined space for a long period of time, such as on a mission to Mars, problems are likely to occur, Jeffrey Johnson, a scientist at the University of Florida, told The Guardian. This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor. These are people that have the ability to pull everyone together, Johnson said. In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren39。t alone. By laughing together, we share our stress. Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying. There are other examples of team clowns. One example is the journey to the South Pole led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. It was a difficult journey full of danger. Adolf Lindstrom, a cook at Amundsen39。s team, was a clown. He made people laugh through the whole journey. Amundsen later wrote that Lindstrom was the most valuable member of the team. But if you39。re hoping that your favorite TV edian will fly to Mars, that probably won39。t happen. Being funny won39。t be enough to land somebody the job, Johnson said. They also need to be an excellent engineer. Besides, they must be in top physical condition.（1）What is NASA39。s new job listing? A.A funny engineer.B.A talented clown.C.A good cook.D.A popular edian.（2）What does a confined space in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.a full spaceB.an empty spaceC.an open spaceD.a small space.（3）How does the author think humor can help astronauts? A.It can stop them from feeling bored.B.It can promote teamwork on a mission.C.It can make them feel less homesick.D.It can help them know themselves better.（4）What39。s the author39。s purpose of giving the example of the cook? A.To tell us that what explorers eat on their journey is very important.B.To prove that an amateur can play a more important role than a professional.C.To make the point that humorous people can cheer people up in difficult situations.D.To reveal that a mission to Mars is more difficult than a journey to the South Pole.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，由美國(guó)宇航局尋找一位幽默的工程師來(lái)和宇航員一起執(zhí)行航天任務(wù)介紹了幽默對(duì)宇航員的重要作用。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“‘Being funny won39。t be enough to land somebody the job,’ Johnson said. ‘They also need to be an excellent engineer.’”可知，美國(guó)宇航局的新工作是幽默的工程師，故選A。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“ such as on a mission to Mars, ”可知，與在地球上生活的寬廣空間不同，在火星任務(wù)中，你需要和其他人一起在狹小的航天器內(nèi)生活很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“狹小的空間、有限的空間”，故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“These are. people that have the ability to pull everyone together,”可知，幽默的人有能力把每個(gè)人都團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，也就是說(shuō)幽默能夠促進(jìn)宇航員在任務(wù)中的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren39。t alone. By laughing together, we share our stress.”可知，在壓力大的情況下，幽默是一種減壓的方式，第六段第一句話又說(shuō)有很多團(tuán)隊(duì)小丑的例子，緊接著舉廚師的例子就是為了證明這一點(diǎn)，即：幽默的人能使人在困難的情況下振作起來(lái)，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Many years ago, my mother read from the book Blueberries for Sal by Robert McCloskey to me. I remember as if it were yesterday, hearing her voice at my side on a cold wintry night. My mother39。s voice changed my world. Long before I could read on my own, she shared with me the strength and beauty of McCloskey39。s language a story of a little girl and her mother out in nature, coexisting with a mother bear and her own baby. The power of the story, of language and of my mother all came together. And it happened many times after that, over and over. The read aloud made me a reader. Years later, I was reading aloud a picture book to a small child in a classroom. His life, so far, had not been easy. His childhood was troubled by poverty and loneliness. In that moment, in the joy of the read aloud, he had an idea that started something big. What he said was this: Mrs. Allyn, let39。s make sure everyone knows how good this feels. Let39。s have a holiday for the read aloud Therefore, my organization, LitWorld, created a grassroots movement World Read Aloud Day in 2010 to honor this young boy39。s wish for everyone to be able to have a read aloud every day. Since the day he shared that good idea with us, World Read Aloud Day has bee a worldwide event reaching over one million people in more than 65 countries around the world. This year we are over 600 cities strong, a number that is growing every day. Children w