【正文】 e money for a rainy day. This is how World Saving Day, held on Oct 31st ________(annual), was started, and it39。s still going strong in 2019. Not surprisingly, a movement ________(target) the poor was started. People in the underdeveloped world are more open ________ calls to be careful with money. But ________ idea of being thrifty (節(jié)儉)has also bee popular among the rich. Take Mark Zuckerberg for example. The Facebook founder, one of the world39。s ________(rich) people, doesn39。t spend very much money on himself. Other people don39。t spend money because they don39。t like the culture of ________(consume). This is connected to the view ________ we should make ourselves happy through the activities we take part in, rather than with what we buy. But however we view money moderate ________ (spend) is certainly a good idea when we are still too young to get a job. There is a British saying that offers some good advice in this situation: Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after ________(they).【答案】 thought；annually；targeting；to；the；richest；consumption；that；spending；themselves 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，如今人們對待金錢的看法，許多人非常認真地對待存錢的想法，節(jié)儉的觀念也在富人中流行起來。就此作者建議太年輕找不到工作的時候應(yīng)當適度消費。 （1）考查時態(tài)。句意：早在1924年，在意大利，一群人認為無力抵制消費是一個重大的社會問題。結(jié)合上文in 1924可知應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填thought。 （2）考查副詞。句意：每年10月31日舉行的世界儲蓄日就是這樣開始的，2019年仍將保持強勁勢頭。修飾動詞hold應(yīng)用副詞。故填annually。 （3）考查非謂語動詞。句意：毫不奇怪，一場針對窮人的運動開始了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知target在句中做非謂語動詞，與邏輯主語movement構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填targeting。 （4）考查介詞。句意：欠發(fā)達國家的人們更愿意接受小心花錢的呼吁。be open to固定短語，“愿意接受……的”。故填to。 （5）考查冠詞。句意：但節(jié)儉的觀念也在富人中流行起來。idea為可數(shù)名詞，此處特指“節(jié)儉的觀念”，應(yīng)用定冠詞。故填the。 （6）考查形容詞。句意：這位Facebook的創(chuàng)始人，世界上最富有的人之一，并沒有在自己身上花很多錢。結(jié)合句意表示“世界上最富有的人之一”應(yīng)用形容詞最高級。故填richest。 （7）考查名詞。句意：其他人不花錢是因為他們不喜歡消費文化。of為介詞，后跟名詞做賓語，表示“消費”，故填consumption。 （8）考查同位語從句。句意：這與這樣一種觀點有關(guān):我們應(yīng)該通過參與活動而不是通過買東西來讓自己快樂。本句為同位語從句修飾先行詞view，且從句中不缺少成分應(yīng)用that。故填that。 （9）考查非謂語動詞。句意：但無論我們?nèi)绾慰创疱X，在我們還太年輕找不到工作的時候，適度的消費肯定是一個好主意。moderate為形容詞修飾名詞，表示“消費”，此處使用動名詞。故填spending。 （10）考查代詞。句意：在這種情況下，英國有句諺語提供了一些很好的建議:“積少成多”諺語Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after themselves.“積少成多”，此處指代主語pounds，應(yīng)使用反身代詞。故填themselves。 【點評】本題考點涉及時態(tài)，副詞，非謂語動詞，介詞，冠詞，形容詞，名詞，同位語從句以及代詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇社會現(xiàn)象類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。13．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Some misunderstanding is putting shark populations at risk now. Thousands of sharks are dying as ________result of people39。s false beliefs. Female sharks need males to make babies. Some female sharks have the ability to produce a baby by themselves and have young sharks ________a male shark. That39。s something ________(mon) seen in plants and insects like ants and bees. Shark fins have medical function. Traditionally, shark fin soup ________(believe) to have health benefits and is quite special in China. ________modern scientists point out that shark tissue (組織)can be extremely high in poison. What39。s more, shark fishing kills up to 100 million animals each year, ________(endanger) several different species. If you39。re bitten by a shark, you will be a goner. You are more than twice as likely ________(die) from a lightning strike as from a shark bite, according to the Florida Museum39。s International Shark Attack File (ISAF). Even if you are bitten, the large ________(major) of people survive, says Dr. Chapman. There ________(be) sixtysix unprovoked(無端的)shark bite incidents around the world in 2018, only six of ________were dangerous, according to the ISAF.【答案】 a；without；monly；is believed；But/Yet；endangering；to die；majority；were；which 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹人們過去對鯊魚的誤解，喚醒人們要有保護動物意識。 （1）考查冠詞。句意：由于人們的錯誤觀念，成千上萬的鯊魚正在死亡。as a result of固定短語，“作為……的結(jié)果”。故填a。 （2）考查介詞。句意：一些雌性鯊魚有能力自己繁殖后代，并且在沒有雄性鯊魚的情況下產(chǎn)下幼鯊。根據(jù)上文Some female sharks have the ability to produce a baby by themselves可知，此處指“雌性鯊魚在沒有雄性鯊魚的情況下產(chǎn)下幼鯊”，應(yīng)使用介詞without“沒有”。故填without。 （3）考查副詞。句意：這種情況在植物和昆蟲中很常見，比如螞蟻和蜜蜂。此處修飾過去分詞seen，應(yīng)使用副詞形式。故填monly。 （4）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：傳統(tǒng)上，魚翅湯被認為對健康有益，在中國很特別。believe與shark fin soup是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)；此處描述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填is believed。 （5）考查連詞。句意：但現(xiàn)代科學家指出，鯊魚組織是非常厲害的毒藥。根據(jù)語境可知，此處前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but/yet“但是”。故填But/Yet。 （6）考查非謂語動詞。句意：更重要的是，捕撈鯊魚每年殺死多達1億只，危及幾個不同的物種。“捕撈鯊魚每年殺死多達1億只”危及幾個不同的物種，endanger的邏輯主語是整個前句描述的內(nèi)容，此處與前句內(nèi)容是邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故填endangering。 （7）考查非謂語動詞。句意：根據(jù)佛羅里達博物館的國際鯊魚攻擊檔案（ISAF），人們死于雷擊的可能性是鯊魚咬的兩倍多。be likely to do ，“可能做某事”。故填to die。 （8）考查名詞。句意：“即使被咬了，大多數(shù)人還是活下來了”，查普曼博士說。根據(jù)空前形容詞及空后介詞of可知，此處使用名詞。故填majority。 （9）考查時態(tài)。句意：根據(jù)國際安全援助部隊的數(shù)據(jù)，2018年全世界共發(fā)生了66起無端的鯊魚咬傷事件，其中只有6起是危險的。根據(jù)in 2018可知，此處描述的是過去的事情，應(yīng)使用一般過去時；there be句型主謂一致遵循“就近原則”，由sixtysix unprovoked（無端的）shark bite incidents可知，此處be動詞應(yīng)使用復數(shù)形式。故填were。 （10）考查定語從句。句意：根據(jù)國際安全援助部隊的數(shù)據(jù)，2018年全世界共發(fā)生了66起無端的鯊魚咬傷事件，其中只有6起是危險的。此處是帶有介詞的定語從句，先行詞是sixtysix unprovoked（無端的）shark bite incidents，關(guān)系詞在介詞之后，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞which引導。故填which。 【點評】本題考點涉及冠詞，介詞，副詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，連詞，名詞以及定語從句等多個知識點的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 14．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 I felt butterflies in my stomach when I started calligraphy class ten years ago. I wondered what I was doing there. At that moment, I couldn39。t have known that I39。d just made one of the best________(choose) of my life. I sat down and listened to the teacher________(introduce) the tools of the craft. Then it was time for me to try my hand I took up the brush, using the correct gesture,________(dip) it in the ink, and carefully wrote one________Chinese. After nearly five years of practicing. I started to make versions of wellknown poems. Calligraphy seemed like a bridge,________connected me to authors from centuries past. Stroke(筆畫)by stroke, word by word, I could feel their emotions, cherished my own peace and learned________(appreciate) my daily life. Now, calligraphy is not just________hobby, it is a way to remove myself from the ________(worry) of life. Rolling out the paper, I can write for a whole day. Calligraphy ________(able) me to balance my busy schedule and live________(peace).【答案】 choices；introducing；dipped；in；which；to apprecia