【正文】 ssly learning from its own mistakes and improving its gameplay over time. The results speak for themselves. Deep learning represents a shift in the relationship humans have with their technological creations. It results in AI that displays surprising and unpredictable behaviour. Commenting after his first loss, Lee described being shocked by an unconventional move he claimed no human would ever have made. Demis Hassabis, one of DeepMind39。s founders, echoed this ment:We39。re very pleased that AlphaGo played some quite surprising and beautiful moves. Unpredictability and surprises are—or can be—a good thing. They can indicate that a system is working well, perhaps better than the humans that came before it. Such is the case with AlphaGo. However, unpredictability also indicates a loss of human control. That Hassabis is surprised at his creation39。s behaviour suggests a lack of control in the design. And though some loss of control might be fine in the context of a game such as Go, it raises urgent questions elsewhere. How much and what kind of control should we give up to AI machines? How should we design appropriate human control into AI that requires us to give up some of that very control? Is there some AI that we should just not develop if it means any loss of human control? How much of a say should corporations, governments, experts or citizens have in these matters? These important questions, and many others like them, have emerged in response, but remain unanswered. They require human, not human like, solutions. So as we drink to the milestone in AI, let39。s also drink to the understanding that the time to answer deeply human questions about deep learning and AI is now.（1）What contributes most to the unconventional move of AlphaGo in the game? capability of selfimprovement. constant input of large data sets. installation of deep neutral networks. knowledge of Go rules and strategies.（2）A potential danger of Al is _____. loss of human control friendly relationship fierce petition lack of challenge（3）How should we deal with the unpredictability of AI? should stop AI machines from developing even further. should call on the government to solve these problems for us. should rely on ourselves and e up with effective solutions. should invent even more intelligent machines to solve everything.（4）What39。s the author39。s attitude towards this remarkable advance in AI? ....【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者結(jié)合人工智能AlphaGo戰(zhàn)勝韓國棋手李世石的圍棋比賽展開，闡述了AI的運(yùn)作原理以及作者的思考。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Then，AlphaGo played against itself, tirelessly learning from its own mistakes and improving its gameplay over time. The results speak for themselves.”可知，AI的學(xué)習(xí)過程是通過不斷和自己比賽，吸取經(jīng)驗獲得自我提高，故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“However，unpredictability also indicates a loss of human control.”可知，不可預(yù)測性也表明失去了人類的控制，故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“They require human，not human like，solutions.”可知，他們需要人類，只有人類自己努力才最可能找出解決方案，故選C。 （4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“So as we drink to the milestone in AI, let39。s also drink to the understanding that the time to answer deeply human questions about deep learning and AI is now.”可知作者對于AI的先進(jìn)性持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，讓時間來證明這一切。故選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 The United States is home to 562 recognized American Indian Nations each with its own language. Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribe39。s language has decreased over the past century. Now, Indian Nations are trying different ways to expand the number of native speakers, and increase interest in their munities to learn tribal languages. Since the late 1800s many American Indian children have attended boarding schools. At that time, Indian children were required to attend schools by law, and the government forced Indian families to send their children to such schools. The children were separated from their families. and given English name The teachers often taught native American students in English, instead of the language of their parents. They were told they needed to learn English in order to get a job, earn money and buy a house or nice things. However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members. At least one organization is turning to modern technologyThe Sealaska Heritage Institute, a nonprofit group, has developed two apps for speakers of the Tlingit language. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a reference for important language topics such as conversation phrases, number, and letters. The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left. in addition, very few young people are able to speak Tlingit. Currently there are two apps, called Learning Tlingit and Tlingit Language Games. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a language guide. It provides Tlingit words and expressions, the tribal alphabet, as well as a basic list of the words included. With the Tlingit Language Games app, users are given a choice of different places of environments, like a house, forest or ocean.（1）What is the problem the native Americans are facing now? number of native Americans has been increasing. and fewer native Americans speak their own language. native language has been extinct.39。s hard to increase the interest of hearing native languages.（2）What will be the result if more and more native Americans only speak English? will get better jobs and higher pay. will teach their own children to speak English. will lose their history and culture. will get along well with the government.（3）What can we know about Tlingit? can help the native people know some language topics. can help the: native people earn money and buy a. house or nice things is a very popular app among the native speakers is a native language spoken by fewer than 200 people.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? Indian tribes39。 efforts to increase native speakers. for the disappearance of some American Indian languages. to help the native tribes lead a traditional life. popularity of the language learning apps.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文