【正文】 ilience, or the lack of it, es out. Some give in and some conquer”可知，那些沒有經(jīng)歷過逆境的人不會(huì)知道自己有多大的韌性。只有當(dāng)他們面對(duì)障礙，壓力等逆境時(shí)，他們才能知道自己的韌性有多大。有的人向逆境屈服，有的人成功度過了逆境。由此可知，那些成功度過逆境的人屬于非常有韌性的人。韌性應(yīng)該指克服逆境的能力。故答案選D。（2）詞義猜測(cè)題。由第三段中的“The resilient children had what psychologists call an “internal lens of control(內(nèi)控點(diǎn))”. They believed that they, and not their circumstances, affected their achievements. The resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers of their own fates.”可知，那些有韌性的孩子擁有所謂的“內(nèi)控點(diǎn)”。他們認(rèn)為他們影響了自己的成就，而不是他們所處的環(huán)境影響了他們的成就。這些有韌性的孩子將自己看作是自己命運(yùn)的主宰者。由此可知，they指的就是the resilient children。故答案選B。（3）推理判斷題。由第四段中的“He found that some people are far better than others at dealing with adversity. This difference might e from perception(認(rèn)知) whether they think of an event as traumatic(創(chuàng)傷), or as an opportunity to learn and grow.”可知，一些人比另一些人更擅長(zhǎng)處理逆境。這種差別來自他們的認(rèn)知。如果他們將逆境當(dāng)做是學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)，對(duì)此做出積極的反應(yīng)，那么，他們就能很好的處理逆境。反之，如果他們做出消極的反應(yīng)，那么，他們就不能很好的來處理逆境。由此可以推知，積極的認(rèn)知可以改變逆境，使情況朝著好的方向發(fā)展。故答案選A。（4）寫作意圖題。文章第一段以例子提出“resilience”這個(gè)話題。第二段解釋了什么是resilience，第三和第四段以Garmezy的研究說明，當(dāng)面對(duì)逆境的時(shí)候，韌性可以幫助我們扭轉(zhuǎn)逆境，關(guān)鍵在于要有積極的認(rèn)知。第五段強(qiáng)調(diào)，積極的認(rèn)知是可以學(xué)習(xí)的。故這篇文章的寫作意圖就是告訴讀者如何使自己有韌性：用積極的態(tài)度去對(duì)待逆境。故答案選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解寫作意圖、態(tài)度解題技巧：根據(jù)文體類別推斷寫作目的（1）寫作目的（to entertain readers）常見于故事類的文章。（2）寫作目的（to persuade readers）常見于廣告類的文章。在這樣的文章中，作者或是要推銷一種產(chǎn)品﹑一種服務(wù)（to sell a product or a service），或是要通過對(duì)旅游景點(diǎn)﹑報(bào)刊雜志﹑影片﹑電視節(jié)目等的介紹來達(dá)到他的寫作目的：吸引更多的游客﹑讀者或訂戶﹑觀眾等（to attract more visitors / readers / audience）（3）寫作目的（to inform readers）多見于科普類﹑新聞報(bào)道類﹑文化類或社會(huì)類的文章，了解這類文章的寫作目的有賴于對(duì)文章主題的正確把握，閱讀時(shí)有必要找準(zhǔn)文章的主題句，或較好地對(duì)主題加以歸納。7．閱讀理解 Do you have a spare room in your house? What about a driveway for your car? Both of these can help you make money. Many people who are feeling the pinch are taking advantage of what39。s been called the “sharing economy”. Perhaps the bestknown example of a pany in this field is Airbnban American web business which allows you to rent out your spare room to holidaymakers. It says it operates in 34,000 cities and it has over 1,500,000 seems to have concerned the market! A British pany is doing something with parking spaces. JustPark39。s founder, Anthony Eskinazi, says,“When I had the original idea, Ispotted a driveway close to a sports stadium. It would have been so convenient if I could have just parked in that driveway rather than in mercial car park.” And he has a big clientele（客戶）:around 20,000 people have advertised their spaces on the site, and he says around half a million drivers use it. There are other sites doing very similar things, like Uber and Lyftthese let drivers share their cars with other passengers. Any driver knows how valuable a place to park is .A church near Kings Cross in central London has apparently made over 163。200,000 by renting out space in its yard to travelers! Because this is a new business world, those rules aren39。t there yet and many people are happy to share...as long as it pays! But the sharing economy has its critics: the petitors of these new panies. People who run things like traditional Bamp。B, mercial car parks and taxi services are afraid of ending up out of pocket. And there is another issue: regulations on these new business are unclear. How will renting out your driveway affect your neighbor?（1）What does the underlined phrase “feeling the pinch” probably mean? A.Lacking in moneyB.Full of curiosityC.Willing to help othersD.Unsatisfied with their life（2）Who may be against the sharing economy? A.A taxi driver who can39。t find a parking placeB.A priest in the church near Kings CrossC.A traveller who needs acodiationD.A wellknown highend holiday hotel（3）Why are many people pleased to share according to paragraph 4? A.They can gain huge profitsB.They needn39。t pay any feeC.There are few rules to limit themD.The new business has no risks（4）Which of the following words can best describe the booming business? A.Creative and developedB.Competitive but unpracticalC.Effective and worryingD.Traditional and acceptable【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一片應(yīng)用文，介紹了一些能夠獲益的方法與例子．文中通過幾個(gè)例子告訴我們只要能夠用心觀察每一處的機(jī)會(huì)，你就會(huì)成功從中獲益。（1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第一段中的“Both of these can help you make money”推出feeling the pinch指的是那些缺錢的人出租自己的東西來獲取利潤(rùn)。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。在第二和第三段舉了很多出租自己物品的例子，如：出租車司機(jī)，教堂里的牧師，旅行者。一家住房率很高的知名酒店肯定不需要共享。故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Because this is a new business world，those rules aren39。t there yet and many people are happy to shareas long as it pays!”這句話告訴我們這種共享經(jīng)濟(jì)由于是新事物而且沒有規(guī)則約束，受到很多人的歡迎。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。文章介紹里一種出租自己閑置物品的賺錢途徑即共享經(jīng)濟(jì)，可以帶來利益，但在最后一段中的“regulations on these new businesses are unclear”對(duì)這個(gè)新行業(yè)的規(guī)則還不明確。所以確定答案為Effective but worrying。故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 A 12yearold with end stage cancer, the child39。s parents had recently moved her from the hospital to her home in the suburbs of Los Angeles. Some days later the girl39。s breath quickened, and her father phoned the family39。s hospice nurse. Please e, he said. The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a twohour drive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why don39。t we connect over FaceTime, she asked. The father agreed, and they connected. The nurse asked the father to move his daughter gently to her side, then to her back, to lift the child39。s shirt. The nurse would ask: What do you see, what concerns you, and the father would explain. In this fashion the pair examined the girl the nurse on her puter, the father his iPad. Together they decided that the nurse39。s presence was not necess