【正文】 me successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. 　　48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining oldworld ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American. 　　49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th and 16thcentury explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six to twelveweek voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay. 　　“To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.” said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a newblown garden.” The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasurehouse which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores. Section IV Writing 　　Part A 　　51. Directions: 　　You are going to host a club reading session. Write an of about 100 words remending a book to the club members. 　　You should state reasons for your remendation. 　　You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. 　　Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead. 　　Do not write the address. (10 points) 　　Part B 　　52. Directions: 　　Write an essay of 160200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should 　　1) describe the drawing briefly 　　2) explain its intended meaning, and 　　3) give your ments 　　You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points) 手機(jī)時(shí)代的聚會(huì) 參考答案及詳細(xì)解析 I cloze 　　1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what 　　【答案】[D] what 　　【解析】該題考查的是語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)，可以判斷出空格處應(yīng)填從屬連詞引導(dǎo)從句。再根據(jù)句子的內(nèi)容，可以看出該從句是一項(xiàng)研究的相關(guān)內(nèi)容(what)，不是指研究的時(shí)間(when)， 原因(why)和方式(how)，因此，該題的答案為what。
　　2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised 　　【答案】[B] concluded 　　【解析】從此題所在的句子的前后內(nèi)容可以判斷出，that is_______ 中的that是指第一句話的內(nèi)容(朋友與我們基因上的相關(guān)性)，很顯然是研究得出的結(jié)論。因此，答案為concluded。
　　3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by 　　【答案】[C] on 　　【解析】根據(jù)空格所在句子的內(nèi)容(研究對(duì)1932分獨(dú)特的受試者進(jìn)行分析)判斷出進(jìn)行分析的對(duì)象是1932 unique subjects。conduct analysis on…是固定表達(dá)。
　　4. [A] pared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected 　　【答案】[A] pared 　　【解析】該空格所在的句子是which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾study,意思是：對(duì)幾對(duì)基因不相關(guān)的朋友和陌生人進(jìn)行_______。因?yàn)椤把芯俊钡膬?nèi)容是關(guān)于朋友間基因上的相關(guān)性問(wèn)題，所以完整的意思應(yīng)該是：對(duì)幾對(duì)基因不相關(guān)的朋友和陌生人進(jìn)行比較。所以最佳答案為pared。
　　5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples 　　【答案】[C] samples 　　【解析】根據(jù)空格的前后內(nèi)容判斷，到第五個(gè)空為止，文章都在講實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程，和實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象，第五個(gè)空格所在句子的內(nèi)容是：相同的人們都用于實(shí)驗(yàn)中的這兩類______。所以根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和內(nèi)容，應(yīng)該選與實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象相對(duì)應(yīng)的samples(樣例).因此，答案是samples。
　　6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible 　　【答案】[A] insignificant 　　【解析】空的語(yǔ)境為：盡管這1%看起來(lái)似乎____，但是遺傳學(xué)家可不這么認(rèn)為?？涨昂笮纬蓪?duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系，而從后文列舉的例子中可知遺傳學(xué)家James Fowler對(duì)這1%基因的態(tài)度是肯定的，故答案為A。
　　7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know 　　【答案】[D] know 　　【解析】空的語(yǔ)境為：大多數(shù)人甚至不____他們隔三代的表親，但卻設(shè)法選擇那些____我們親戚的人作為朋友。填入的詞必須滿足前后句之間的轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)帶入，只有D選項(xiàng)符合上下文語(yǔ)義。
　　8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass 　　【答案】[A] resemble 　　【解析】空的語(yǔ)境為：大多數(shù)人甚至不認(rèn)識(shí)他們隔三代的表親，但卻設(shè)法選擇那些____我們親戚的人作為朋友。根據(jù)全文中心：基因上的相似性，可知本題選擇A。
　　9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus 　　【答案】[B] also 　　【解析】空所在的句子開(kāi)頭用“The study…”,顯然這是對(duì)上文話題的繼續(xù)闡述，前文指出研究發(fā)現(xiàn)朋友與我們有1%的基因關(guān)系，而空所在句“the genes for smell were something shared in friends”在進(jìn)一步詳細(xì)討論該話題，前后之間是順接關(guān)系，故答案為B。
　　10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps 　　【答案】[D] Perhaps 　　【解析】從選項(xiàng)和文字中句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以判斷，空格處要求填入一個(gè)能夠體現(xiàn)前后兩個(gè)句子邏輯關(guān)系的副詞，空前的句子談到“為什么在嗅覺(jué)基因方面存在相似性還很難解釋”，空后卻緊接著對(duì)此得出一個(gè)相關(guān)結(jié)論，很明顯是矛盾的，所以此結(jié)論只能是一種不確定的推測(cè)，故答案為D。
　　11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like 　　【答案】[B] to 　　【解析】該題為介詞選擇題。后半句出現(xiàn)比較級(jí)，可見(jiàn)是和前文形成比較關(guān)系，因此和上半句介詞保持一致，用介詞to。該句翻譯：它(這種相似性)吸引我們到相同的環(huán)境，并且使我們更為相似。因此答案為to。
　　12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit 　　【答案】[A] drive 　　【解析】該句意思為：很多機(jī)制共同作用，從而_____我們選擇基因相似的朋友，_____和_____交朋友的“功能關(guān)系”。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處所填入動(dòng)詞需符合結(jié)構(gòu)_____sb. in doing sth，B選項(xiàng)observe(觀察，遵守)和C選項(xiàng)confuse(困惑)均無(wú)此用法。符合該結(jié)構(gòu)只有A選項(xiàng)drive(驅(qū)使)和D選項(xiàng)limit(限制)。根據(jù)上下文可得知：這些機(jī)制驅(qū)使我們選擇基因相似的朋友，符合文章主題。如果選限制則為反向干擾。因此答案為drive。
　　13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with 　　【答案】[B] rather than 　　【解析】所填詞為邏輯關(guān)系短語(yǔ)，空前說(shuō)選擇基因相似的朋友，空后說(shuō)具有“實(shí)用關(guān)系”的朋友，可知前后為對(duì)立關(guān)系，并且根據(jù)文章主題，可知肯定前者而否定后者，可鎖定B選項(xiàng)rather than。A選項(xiàng)according to(根據(jù))沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出對(duì)立及取舍關(guān)系，因此排除。C選項(xiàng)regardless of(不管)表讓步關(guān)系，干擾性較強(qiáng)，但文章更強(qiáng)調(diào)取前舍后，因此排除。D選項(xiàng)along with(伴隨)表順接，故排除。故答案為rather than。
　　14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits 　　【答案】[D] benefits 　　【解析】根據(jù)前文functional kinship(實(shí)用關(guān)系)可得出D選項(xiàng)benefits(利益)，前后形成呼應(yīng)。A選項(xiàng)chances(機(jī)會(huì))、B選項(xiàng)responses(反應(yīng))、C選項(xiàng)missions(使命)均不符合題意。故答案為benefits。
　　15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier 　　【答案】[C] faster 　　【解析】該句為：evolving ______ than other genes(比其他基因進(jìn)化得______). 根據(jù)同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，我們找到該段第二句話中：human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years(人類進(jìn)化在過(guò)去30000年間提速)。C 選項(xiàng)faster與下文picked pace(加速)形成呼應(yīng)，故答案為faster。
　　16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express 　　【答案】[C] understand 　　【解析】此題考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意。空格后面是一個(gè)why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，意為“人類進(jìn)化在過(guò)去三萬(wàn)年間得以加速的原因”，表示這一研究的結(jié)果和意義。能與這一賓語(yǔ)從句構(gòu)成搭配的只有C選項(xiàng)understand。A選項(xiàng)forecast“預(yù)測(cè)”與“過(guò)去三萬(wàn)年”相矛盾，B選項(xiàng)remember“記住”和D選項(xiàng)“express”均不符合文意。
　　17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive 　　【答案】[B] contributory 　　【解析】此空需要填入一個(gè)形容詞，表