【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 英語諺語所說，好的開端等于成功的一半（A good beginning is halfdone）。加之在閱卷時(shí)，文章的開頭就是你給閱卷老師的第一印象，因此，掌握好文章開頭的技巧顯得十分重要。任何事物的發(fā)生與發(fā)展都屬于某種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象或傾向。文章開頭時(shí)直截了當(dāng)?shù)奶岢鲞@種現(xiàn)象，然后進(jìn)行說明或評論。這種開頭方法開門見山，使讀者一目了然。(1)Recently the phenomenon(problem , issue)of ? has aroused considerable concern.（近來，??現(xiàn)象/問題已引起了）(2)Recently the phenomenon(question ,problem)of ? has been brought to public attention.(3)One of the pressing(biggest)problems facing our society today is……(4)One of the hottest topics(most serious problem, most popular things)many people talk about now is…(5)Here and there across the country, a(n)increasing number of……(6)With the development of science and tachnology, more and more……(7)Nowadays(Currently/, Recently), there is a growing tendency that……(8)In the past few years, there has been a dramatic growth(decline)in……(9)Whenever you see(find)? ,you cannot help being astonished(surprised)by ?（每當(dāng)你看到/發(fā)現(xiàn)??，你會(huì)不禁為??感到驚訝不已。）在寫作中，當(dāng)作者要對某個(gè)問題提出自己的觀點(diǎn)看法時(shí)，一般常在文章開頭引出人們對所給出問題的不同看法。這種開頭方法常用于對某個(gè)問題進(jìn)行爭論的議論文體。(1)When asked about… , the vast majority of people think(believe, say)that …。But other people think(believe, regard, say)that …（當(dāng)問及??的時(shí)候，絕大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為/說??。但也有人認(rèn)為/說??）(2)When it es to …, some people think(believe)that…。Others argue(claim)that the opposite is is probably some truth in both statement, but…（當(dāng)談到??時(shí)，有些人認(rèn)為/相信??；另一些人卻持相反的觀點(diǎn)。這兩種觀點(diǎn)也許都有點(diǎn)道理，但是??）(3)There is a much controversy(discussion)nowadays about the problem(issue)of … Those who criticize(oppose, object to)argue that… They believe that…But people who favor(advocate)…, on the other hand, claim(assert)that…（現(xiàn)在圍繞??問題正展開熱烈的爭論/討論。那些批評/反對的人認(rèn)為??；另一方面，那些贊同/提倡這個(gè)??的人卻認(rèn)為??）(4)These days we often hear about…They claim(argue, say)that…But is it true? Close analysis(examination)doesn’t bear out the claim(argument).（最近，我們經(jīng)常聽到關(guān)于??他們聲稱??。果真如此嗎？仔細(xì)分析一下，就證明這種觀點(diǎn)站英語寫作常用句型 不住腳。(5)Now a lot of people believe that…But although…, there is no(little)evidence that…（現(xiàn)在許多人都認(rèn)為??盡管??，卻沒有證據(jù)表明??）在寫作中，所謂的引用就是用人們熟悉的名人名言，常用的諺語、習(xí)語、警句等作為文章的開頭。這樣的開頭既生動(dòng)、富有哲理，又一下子點(diǎn)明了文章的主題，能起到引人入勝的效果。(1)One of the great men(writers, philosophers, scientists)once said(remarked)that… If this is the case , then the present situation(view , attitude)should make us wonder whether…（有一位偉人/作家/哲學(xué)家/科學(xué)家曾經(jīng)說過??如果是這樣的話，目前的趨勢/觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)使我們沉思，是否??）(2)“Knowledge is power ”.Such is the remark made by and more people have shared this view now.（“知識(shí)就是力量”，這是培根的名言。這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)已為越來越多的人所接受。）(3)Awareness of ignorance is the beginning of wisdom”.Such is the opinion of one of the greastest remark has confirmed time and time again by many historical events.（“意識(shí)到無知便是智慧的開端”，這是一位偉人的名言。這句話一次又一次地被許多歷史事實(shí)所證實(shí)。）(4)“…”.We are used to hearing such words like those.（“??”，我們常常聽到這樣的說法。）(5)“…”.How often we hear such plaint as this!（“??”我們多么常常聽到像這樣的抱怨。）(6)“…”.That’s how one college student(citizen ,official)describe the… Many people have shared the experience like this.（這是一位大學(xué)生/市民/官員說起??的時(shí)候的話。許多都與他/她有著同樣的經(jīng)歷。）提問法主要用于展開討論或?qū)τ袪幾h性的問題發(fā)問。文章的開頭用一個(gè)即將討論或解答的問題設(shè)問，可以引起思考，喚起聯(lián)想，立即把讀者引入作者的討論之中，激起讀者的濃厚興趣。(1)Should(What)…? Attitudes towards(opinions of)…vary from person to think of(regard,view)…as…Others argue(believe, claim)that…（??應(yīng)不應(yīng)該??/??是??？不同的人對此有不同的態(tài)度/看法。有些人認(rèn)為??是??；其他人卻爭論/認(rèn)為??）(2)How do you think of…? In reply to this question, we must …（你怎樣看待??？在回答這個(gè)問題時(shí)，我們必須??）(3)What do you think of …? In answer to this question, we should…（你認(rèn)為??是??？要回答這個(gè)問題，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)??）(4)“Why do(have)…?”Many people often ask the question like this.（為什么??？許多人經(jīng)常問這樣的問題。）(5)What is…? By my understanding, …is…（什么是??？據(jù)我理解，??是??）(1)For years, …h(huán)as been viewed(regarded)as…But people are taking a fresh look at it now.（多年來，??被認(rèn)為是??。但是，現(xiàn)在人們正以新的眼光看待它。）(2)Until recently, …was seen(viewed)as …However , that is changing now.（直到最近，??被認(rèn)為是??。可是，現(xiàn)在這種情況正在發(fā)生變化。）(3)People used to think that …in the past …But things are quite different now.（在過去，人們常常認(rèn)為??。但現(xiàn)在情況卻與以往很不同了。）(4)It was once thought that … in the old days, … But few people now share this view.（在過去，人們曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為??。到現(xiàn)在幾乎沒有人再持有這種觀點(diǎn)。）(5)Several years ago, people…Now people … Why has such a change taken place?（幾年前，人們???，F(xiàn)在，人們??。為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的變化呢？）(6)After a good many years of efforts to …, people begin to …（經(jīng)過多年的努力，人們開始??）(6)It is a traditional many practice(way)to … But now the pendulum has swung in the opposite direction.（??是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣。但現(xiàn)在鐘擺轉(zhuǎn)到反的方向去了。）(7)In recent years, there is a general tendeney to … According to a study(survey, poll), there is X percent of…., pared with Y percent last …（最近幾年，有一個(gè)??的趨勢。根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究/民意調(diào)查，和去年的Y%相比，今年有X%的??。為什么會(huì)??呢？） 用于故事法開頭的常用句型在寫作中，一開始就講述一個(gè)作者自己或他人生活中的故事，用生動(dòng)而熟悉的趣事緊緊地吸引住讀者，然后再引 入主題。以故事法弄開首的文章常使用人們習(xí)慣的句型，或講時(shí)間、或談地點(diǎn)、或講某人??，與讀者思路相通，感情相近。這些故事要和將要討論的主題相關(guān)，它們可從日常生活中輕車熟路地信手。(1)Some month ago(last Sunday), a friend of mine…The story is not is one of thousand of…（幾個(gè)月前/上個(gè)星期天，我的一個(gè)朋友??。這個(gè)故事并不偶然，它是千百萬個(gè)??之一。）(2)The other day, I … The case is not is typical of…（有一天，我??。這個(gè)故事非偶然，它是??的典型事例之一。）(3)Once in a street(hospital, newspaper), I saw(learnt)…The problem(phenomenon)of …h(huán)as aroused nationwide(public)attention(concern).（一次在街上/醫(yī)院里/報(bào)紙上，我看到/了解到??。這個(gè)??問題/現(xiàn)象已引起全國范圍內(nèi)/公眾的廣泛關(guān)注。）(4)Once upon a time there was a man who…The story may be unbelievable, but it still has a realistic significance today.（從前，有一個(gè)??的人。這個(gè)故事也許令人難以置信，但直到今天，它仍然有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。）(5)I have a friend who…Such a problem we often meet in our daily life.（我有一個(gè)朋友，他/她??。在我們的日常生活中常常會(huì)遇到這樣的問題。）文章開宗明義第一句就直接點(diǎn)出主題或闡明自己對某個(gè)問題的看法。這樣的開頭直截了當(dāng)，開門見山，第一句就是全文的中心或主題。(1)Nothing is more important(foolish, undesirable, essential)than …which is monly held by…（沒有比??更重要/愚蠢/令人討厭的了?，F(xiàn)在??普遍持有這種??。）(2)Nowhere in the world has the idea of …been more popular than …（世界上沒有哪個(gè)地方比在??更流行??的觀點(diǎn)了。）(3)Maybe it is time to have a fresh look at the idea /attitude that…（也許現(xiàn)在給我們以新的眼光看待??的觀點(diǎn)了。）(4)Now people in increasing numbers are beginning to recognize(realize, be aware, accept)that…（現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始意識(shí)到/接受??。）(5)Now people bee increasingly aware of the need(importance)of…（現(xiàn)在人們?nèi)找嬉庾R(shí)到??的需要/重要。）以定義法開頭的文章，常對一種事物的本質(zhì)特征或一個(gè)概念的內(nèi)涵和外延作確切而簡要的說明。這樣，讀者會(huì)邏輯地圍繞定義思考下文。(1)What is …? …refers to …（什么是??？??指的是??。）(2)The term “…” here means that …（這里，術(shù)語“??”意思