【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ng of the mining area environment protection to provide decision sensing data mining area for prospecting, geological conditions, roof and floor of coal seam in such aspects as research has been applied, all these, explains the application of remote sensing technique in mining measurement is mine surveying realize its modern task important technology in the measurement of the mine is mainly applied to replace traditional ground surveying and mapping GPS technology such as mining surface movement monitoring, hydrology monitoring, mining area control elevation hole net establishment or measure, reform, GPS receiver with performance to price has been rising, and its application in the measurement of mine work the ground has bee a part of the modern mine survey is an important support in mining area the geographic information system is for mine geographical information system, or called mine material source environment alinformation system(MRIES).MREIS has bee the important developing direction mine mining area environment resources information system as a platform to all kinds of measurement techniques for data acquisition approach, can build a collection of data acquisition, processing, management, analysis and output in one of the automation, intelligent technology system, as the sustainable development of mining decision support survey MREIS work is to establish the fist work, and to create a MREIS mine surveying is an inevitable , the GPS in the mining area is first applied used in a mine measurement information system established measurement, and then based on this establish the mining area environment information system information technology is mine surveying realize its modern task of important technical support and guarantee, “3 S” technology and other measuring instrument technology on the basis of the organic bination of the mining area environment information system is the spatial data information technology in mine survey of the applications of the prehensive inertial measurement system and its application in the measurement of the mine The inertial measurement system(Inertial ISS)is a kind of navigation and positioning technology, have allw, autonomous, fast can flexible and advantages, the earth measurement, engineering surveying and mining measure the work of automation and versatility provided another kind of new is to use the principle of inertial navigation, and earn geodetic data(longitude and latitude, elevation, azimuth, gravity anomaly and vertical deflection, etc.)of a kind of technology can be divided into two categories: platform utility system and type system in the field of surveying and mapping, ISS main application target includes:(1)control measure, such as the existing control point review, encryption, and aerial control, etc.。(2)pipeline monitoring, orientation, crustal deformation, the surface subsidence observation。(3)underground positioning, all kinds of engineering and construction measure。(4)earthquake, gravity survey, geophysical research。(5)shaft and cans of vertical way beam of monitoring, , can get a lot of plementary to the whole land measurement model dataprocessing, and make sure that 3 d coordinate and the positioning and the precision of the navigation unstable, and increased inertial measurement system in mine to the measurement of the Lord is applied in application in themeasurement of the application, the activities of the underground measurement, and of course the ground also has been applied in many fields, such as stated in mines in China, the application in the measurement of work is to carry out indepth,continue to GPS + ISS bination system used in mines measurement is a promising a technologyFour other new technology in the new instrument of surveying and mapping application to the measurement of the mineOther modern surveying and mapping instruments, such as laser point to meter, the gyro th, digital levels and related technology are all mine surveying and mapping measurement is used, and with the instrument technology as the foundation, formed many mining measurement instrument, as mine survey for the application of modern instruments and survey as a cross subject, the development and the progress and the mining technology and the development of the mining project, measuring instruments and equipment of science and technology and the development of other subjects like mathematical science, puter science, etc, the development are closely mapping technology is based on the electronic technology, space technology, optical technology, puter technology based on prehensive technology, and has the intelligence, automation and so on a series of science and technology, the rapid development of surveying and mapping can surely promote the further development of mine modern technology, mining engineering surveying and mapping technology and related science and technology as the foundation, the mine survey will form and collect data acquisition, processing, management, transmission, analysis, expression, application, output for the integration of intelligence, automation technology system for mine resources, environmental information system establishment provide fundamental material, promoting mine sustainable 七十年代以來(lái)，隨著電子技術(shù)和激光技術(shù)的發(fā)展，光電結(jié)合型的測(cè)繪儀器(如測(cè)距儀、全站儀、陀螺儀)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的測(cè)繪儀器方法產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響。以衛(wèi)星遙感、全球定位系統(tǒng)為代表的空間對(duì)地觀測(cè)技術(shù)在測(cè)繪科學(xué)中的應(yīng)用日趨成熟，以計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、系統(tǒng)科學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)的地理信息系統(tǒng)的出現(xiàn)和應(yīng)用為多源測(cè)繪信息的獲取、分析、管理、處理及其充分應(yīng)用提供了有力的技術(shù)支持，自動(dòng)化、智能化的測(cè)繪系統(tǒng)已處于研究之中，因此可以說，現(xiàn)代測(cè)繪技術(shù)正在經(jīng)歷著一場(chǎng)深刻的革命。礦山測(cè)量技術(shù)的一個(gè)重要應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，在廣大的煤礦、金屬礦山、有色礦山等的生產(chǎn)過程中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。礦山測(cè)量的現(xiàn)代任務(wù)是：在礦山勘探、設(shè)計(jì)、開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)運(yùn)營(yíng)的各個(gè)階段，對(duì)礦區(qū)地面和地下的空間、資源、(以礦產(chǎn)和土地資源為主)和環(huán)境信息進(jìn)行采集、存儲(chǔ)、處理、顯示、利用，為合理、有效地開發(fā)資源、保護(hù)資源、保護(hù)環(huán)境、治理環(huán)境服務(wù)，為工礦區(qū)的持續(xù)發(fā)展報(bào)務(wù)。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)其現(xiàn)代任務(wù)，礦山測(cè)量必須充分應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代測(cè)繪儀器和技術(shù)，將先進(jìn)的現(xiàn)代技術(shù)同礦山測(cè)量的實(shí)際工作、具體特點(diǎn)相結(jié)合，拓寬礦山測(cè)量的生存空間和業(yè)務(wù)范圍，促進(jìn)礦山測(cè)量的改革和發(fā)展，適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和礦山體制改革的需要。全站儀、空間信息技術(shù)、慣性測(cè)量系統(tǒng)等現(xiàn)代測(cè)繪儀器技術(shù)均已在礦山測(cè)量中得到了應(yīng)用并正在不斷向縱深發(fā)展。為此本文對(duì)現(xiàn)代測(cè)繪儀器技術(shù)的發(fā)展及其在礦山測(cè)量的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的分析和研究，以使礦山測(cè)量更好地服務(wù)于礦山可持續(xù)發(fā)展。現(xiàn)代測(cè)繪儀器、技術(shù)及其在礦山測(cè)量中的應(yīng)用： 1 全站儀及其在礦山測(cè)量中的應(yīng)用：全站儀作為當(dāng)前應(yīng)用最為廣泛的測(cè)繪儀器，是電子技術(shù)與光學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展結(jié)合的光電測(cè)量?jī)x器，也是集測(cè)距儀、電子經(jīng)緯儀的優(yōu)點(diǎn)于一體的、應(yīng)用前途廣泛的儀器，智能化的全站儀是目前銷量最大的測(cè)繪儀器