【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ch之后 This room is rather a big 用于so(as, too, how)+形容詞之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to ： 表示某一類人或物 The horse is a useful the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3 表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的人或事 Would you mind opening the door? 4 用于樂器前面 play the violin, play the guitar 5 用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人 the reach, the living, the wounded 6 表示“一家人”或“夫婦” the Greens, the Wangs 用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高級前 He is the taller of the two ，山川群島的名詞前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前 The pass was invented in 在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀(jì)的某個年代 in the 1990’s 11 用于表示單位的名詞前 I hired the car by the ，身體部位名詞，及表示時間的詞組前 He patted me on the ： 專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名等名詞前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名詞前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one./ Whose purse is this? 季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前 Lincoln was made President of 學(xué)科，語言，球類，棋類名詞前 He likes playing football/ 與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前 by train, by air, by land 以and連接的兩個相對的名詞并用時 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 8 表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前 Horses are useful ．代詞：： 人稱代詞 主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 賓格 me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 物主代詞 形容詞性 my, your, his, her, its, our, their 名詞性 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 反身代詞 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 4 指示代詞 this, that, these, those, such, some 疑問代詞 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever 6 關(guān)系代詞 that, which, who, whom, whose, as 不定代詞 one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little, other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either ： , some與any: 1)one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，復(fù)數(shù)為ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑問句和否定句。One should learn to think of you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any have some questions to )some可用于疑問句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答復(fù)，或者表示建議，請求等。Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money? 3)some 和any修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時，some表示某個，any表示任何一個。I have read this article in some correct the mistakes, if )some和數(shù)詞連用表示“大約”，any可與比較級連用表示程度。There are some 3,000 students in this you feel any better today? : each強調(diào)個別，代表的數(shù)可以是兩個或兩個以上，而every強調(diào)整體，所指的數(shù)必須是三個或三個以上。Each student has a pocket dictionary./ Each(of us)has a dictionary./ We each have a student has strong and weak points./ Every one of us has strong and weak ：no等于not any，作定語。none作主語或賓語，代替不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)，代替可數(shù)名詞，謂語單復(fù)數(shù)皆可以。There is no water in the much water is there in the bottle? of the students are(is)afraid of : 1)other泛指“另外的，別的”常與其他詞連用，如：the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way，the other特指兩者中的另外一個，復(fù)數(shù)為the others。如： He held a book in one hand and his notes in the students in our class failed, but all the others passed the )another指“又一個，另一個”無所指，復(fù)數(shù)形式是others，泛指“別的人或事”如： I don’t like this shirt, please show me another(one).The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some like football, while others like , neither和either all表示不可數(shù)名詞時，其謂語動詞用單數(shù)。both和all加否定詞表示部分否定， of the books are not written in English./ Not all of the books are written in of us are not teachers./ Not both of us are teachers./ Either of us is a ．形容詞和副詞 ： ：1)形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列情況后置： 修飾some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時 nobody absent, everything possible 以able,ible結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或only修飾的名詞之后 the best book available, the only solution possible alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 the only person awake 4 和空間、時間、單位連用時 a bridge 50 meters long 5 成對的形容詞可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful 6 形容詞短語一般后置 a man difficult to get on with 2)多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞的順序： 代詞 數(shù)詞 性狀形容詞 冠詞前的形容詞 冠詞 指示代詞 不定代詞代詞所有格 序數(shù)詞 基數(shù)詞 性質(zhì) 狀態(tài) 大小 長短 形狀 新舊 溫度 顏色 國籍 產(chǎn)地 材料 質(zhì)地 名詞all both such the a this another your second next one four beautiful good poor large short square new cool black yellow Chinese London silk stone 3)復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成： 形容詞+名詞+ed kindhearted 6 名詞+形容詞 worldfamous 2 形容詞+形容詞 darkblue 7 名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 peaceloving 形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 ordinarylooking 8 名詞+過去分詞 snowcovered 4 副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 hardworking 9 數(shù)詞+名詞+ed threeegged 5 副詞+過去分詞 newlybuilt 10 數(shù)詞+名詞 twentyyear 副詞的分類： 時間副詞 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently 5 頻度副詞 always, often, frequently, seldom, never 2 地點副詞 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 6 疑問副詞 how, where, when, why 方式副詞 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really 7 連接副詞 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile 程度副詞 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 8 關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why ：形容詞和副詞的比較等級分為原級，比較級和最高級。比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成一般是在形容詞和副詞后加er和est，多音節(jié)和一些雙音節(jié)詞前加more 和most。 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：I am not so good a player as you ：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal?！皌he more…the more…”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will 。如：I have never spent a more worrying ：Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of “最高程度“的形容詞沒有最高級和比較級。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。五．介詞 ： 簡單介詞 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 2 合成介詞 inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without 3 短語介詞 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to 4 雙重介詞 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between 5 分詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的介詞 considering(就而論), including 6 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的介詞 like, unlike, near, next, opposite ： 表示時間的in, on, at at表示片刻的時間，in表示一段的時間，on總是與日子有關(guān) 表示時間的since, from since 指從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時間，和完成時連用，from指從時間的某一點開始 表示時間的in, after in指在一段時間之后，after表示某一具體時間點之后或用在過去時的一段時間中表示地理位置的in, on, to in表示在某范圍內(nèi)，on指與什么毗鄰，to指在某環(huán)境范圍之外表示“在…上”的on, in on只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分 表示“穿過”的through, across through表示從內(nèi)部通過，與in有關(guān)，across表示在表面上通過，與on有關(guān) 表示“關(guān)于”的about, on about指涉及到，on指專門論述 between與among的區(qū)別 between表示在兩者之間，among用于三者或三者以上的中間 besides與except的區(qū)別 besides指“除了…還有再加上”，except指“除了，減去什么”，不放在句首表示“用”的in, with with表示具體的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，單位，語言，聲音as與like的區(qū)別 as意為“作為，以…地位或身份”，like為“象…一樣”，指情形相似in與into區(qū)別 in通常表示位置（靜態(tài)），into表示動向，不表示目的地或位置六．動詞 ：，以ask為例，將其各種時態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式列表如下： 現(xiàn)在時 過去時 將來時 過去將來時 一般 ask / asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask進(jìn)行 am/is/are asking