【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 .( lines 101103)正當(dāng)特迪羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)的女兒給他頒獎之際，洛茲被發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有獨立跑完全程。六、Having cramped up at about nine miles, he accepted a ride from a passing ，便搭乘了輛路過的汽車。七、There is no need to conjecture about Dora Ratjen, the German athlete who just missed a gold medal in the women’s high jump in the notorious Olympics of 1936,she subsequently set world records in this ，德國運動員朵拉拉特金的性別是不容置疑的。在臭名昭著的1936年奧運會上錯失了女子跳高金牌后，“她”隨后在這個項目中屢屢改寫世界紀(jì)錄。I still do not share the pessimism of the writer whose most famous work had given him a nearfranchise on the digit “1984”.我從內(nèi)心深處仍不贊同那位因一部名著而對“1984”這個數(shù)字幾乎享有特權(quán)的作家所持的悲觀態(tài)度。To begin with,there was the actual prize at least the sixth century Greeks opently gave cash awards for the first place in the that there were huge fees that these newly crowed champions could demand for “personal appearances”.首先，當(dāng)時確實存在獎金。至少從公元前6世紀(jì)起，希臘人就開始向奧運冠軍公開授予現(xiàn)金獎勵。此后新加冕的冠軍還可索取巨額“出場費”。翻譯一、吸引大量觀眾的體育運動為人們觀賞青春的活力、速度和力量提供了一個窗口。Spectator sports provide an outlet for viewing the vitality of youth, speed, and 、它所展示的技能水平強烈地吸引著人們。The levels of skill（that are）displayed fascinate 、男性之所以比女性更直接地認(rèn)同這種運動，是因為他們的童年經(jīng)歷和比賽所展示的陽剛之氣。Men identify more directly than women with spectator sports because of their childhood experience and the macho nature of 、這種運動對男性來說，在心理上還有另外一種吸引力：因為他們是男人，有可能被召喚到賽場上，被要求打比賽或當(dāng)教練，去貢獻(xiàn)自己的一技之長。For men there is an additional attraction in their minds because since they are male they could be called on to the field, asked to contribute their playing or coaching 、因此觀看這類比賽給他們的遐想（daydreams）提供了素材。Viewing sports thus provides the raw material for 、而女性在觀看比賽中也從他人身上間接地獲得了渴望取勝的滿足感，而且有更多的女性正積極地投身到競技體育中去。Nevertheless, women too feel vicarious satisfaction from a desire to win than ever and more women are being active in petitive ．到20世紀(jì)70年代初，體育愛好者們對比賽不斷增長的興趣，在電視聯(lián)播中得到了進(jìn)一步加強，并把職業(yè)運動轉(zhuǎn)變成了利潤豐厚地商業(yè)活動。By the early 1970s, growing fan interest in the games, heightened by network television, had transformed professional sports into lucrative business 、結(jié)果，一些全新的俱樂部聯(lián)合會雨后春筍般地涌現(xiàn)出來，與現(xiàn)有的體育組織展開競爭，并以誘人的工資來吸引運動員加盟。As a result, entirely new leagues sprang up to pete with established organizations and lure away players with attractive 、隨著體育變得更像傳統(tǒng)的商業(yè)活動，越來越多地運動員尋找他們的經(jīng)紀(jì)人，代表他們參加工資談判?，F(xiàn)在，職業(yè)體育運動已經(jīng)進(jìn)入一個新時代。As sports became more like traditional businesses, players increasingly turned to agents to represent them in salary professional sports have entered a new 、If you are pleased with the plaisance and attention of others to your hunours, your tastes, oryour weaknesses, depend upon it, the same plaisance and attention on your part to theirs will equally please 、品味或弱點所給予的恭維和關(guān)注令你高興，那么你對別人給予同樣的恭維和關(guān)注無疑也會令別人喜悅。二、be serious, gay, or even trifiling, as you find the present humor of the pany。this is an attention due from every individual to the 、快樂還是懶散，你的情緒要和朋友們同步，這是個人應(yīng)對多數(shù)人表示的一種禮貌。三、nor labor, as many people do, to give that turn to the conversation, which may supply you with an opportunity of exhibiting ，你也不要像許多人那樣，拼命地把它們轉(zhuǎn)移到話題中去。四、The particular characters, the habits, the cant of one pany may give merit to a word, or a gesture, which would have none at all if divested of those accidental 、習(xí)慣和慣用語可能會看重某個詞、某個手勢，但離開了特定的場合，它們就可能變得毫無價值。五、Here people very monly err。and fond of something that has entertained them in one pany, and in certain circumstances, repeat it with emphasis in another, where it is either insipid, or it may be offensive, by being illtimed or ：他們喜歡在某個圈子里令他們愉快的某樣事情，而在另一個圈子里特別強調(diào)地重復(fù)它。然而由于時間或地點不宜，在不同的圈子里，它要么是枯燥乏味的，要么可能是無禮唐突的。六、Those, therefore, who flattered skillfully, said little to him of his abilities in state affairs, or at least but en passant, and as it might naturally the incense which they gave him, the smoke of which they knew would turn his head in their favor, was as a bel esprit and a ，那些善于獻(xiàn)媚的人幾乎不提他的治國才能，即使說也只是一筆帶過，仿佛自然順帶提到而已。只有恭維他為才子和詩人才會令其飄飄然并垂青于獻(xiàn)媚者。七、his prevailing weakness was, to be thought to have a polite and happy turn to gallantry — of which he had undoubtedly less than any man (紳士)般彬彬有禮的快樂天性，而他無疑比任何人都欠缺這種品質(zhì)。八、If they are both bad, she forts herself that she has graces, a certain manner, a je ne sais quoi still more more engaging than ，她就會安慰自己： 她具有比美貌更迷人的風(fēng)度、舉止和某種難以形容的品質(zhì)。九、But there is no living in the world without a plaisant indulgence for people’s ，就不能不寬縱別人荒謬卻無害的缺點和虛榮。十、If a man has a mind to be thought wiser and a woman handsomer, than they really are, their error is a fortable one to themselves, and an innocent one with regard to other people, and I would rather make them my friends by indulging them in it, than my enemies by endeavoring(and that to no purpose)toundeceive ，一個女人希望被認(rèn)為比其實際更漂亮，他們的這種錯誤令他們自己覺得舒服而又對別人無害。我寧愿縱容他們、與之為友，也不愿竭力去（無緣無故地）揭人之短而為自己樹敵。十一、There are little attentions, likewise, which are infinitely engaging, and which sensibly affect that degree of pride and selflove, which is inseparable from human nature, as they are unquestionable proofs of the regard and consideration which we have for the persons to whom we pay ，同樣也是極其動人的，因為它毫無疑問證明了我們對被關(guān)懷者是關(guān)心和體諒的，這種關(guān)懷明顯會影響一個人自尊、自戀的程度，這也是人之常情。十二、Such attention to such trifles flatters selflove much more than greater thing, as it makes people think themselves almost the only objects of your thoughts and ，因為這令他們覺得自己幾乎是你考慮和關(guān)心的唯一對象。十三、and shall not grudge it if you reap the advantage你若能從中獲益，我將不勝寬慰。翻譯一．我心里有一些東西，一直渴望著說出來教育年輕人；因為正是在一個人早年尚未成熟的時候，這些東西最能生根、最能持久，也最珍貴。I have a few things in my mind which I have often longed to say for the instruction of the young。for it is in one’s tender early years that such things will best take root and be most enduring and most ．當(dāng)父母在場時要始終服從他們。從長遠(yuǎn)的觀點來看，這是最好的策略。因為即使你不服從他們，他們也會使你服從。Always obey your parents when they are is best policy in the long run, because if you don’t they will make ．大部分父母認(rèn)為他們知道的比你多。你接受這一點，通常比你根據(jù)自己判斷行事，會獲得更大的收益。Most parents think they know better than you do, and you can generally benefit more by accepting that idea than you can by acting on your own ．要尊重你的上司，也要尊重你的朋友、熟人和身邊的人。Be respectful to your superiors, also to friends, acquaintances and people around ．如果一