【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 s your umbrella and your coat．縮略形式和非縮略形式在英語(yǔ)的書(shū)面用語(yǔ)和口語(yǔ)中均有，但非縮略形式常用于比較正式的場(chǎng)合。Here39。s…是一種習(xí)慣用法，句中采用了倒裝句式，即系動(dòng)詞提到了主語(yǔ)之前。又如 Here is my ticket 這句話用正常的語(yǔ)序時(shí)為 My ticket is here。3．Sorry = I39。m sorry。這是口語(yǔ)中的縮略形式，通常在社交場(chǎng)合中用于表示對(duì)他人的歉意或某種程度的遺憾。Sorry 和 Excuse me 雖在漢語(yǔ)中都可作“對(duì)不起”講，但 sorry 常用于對(duì)自己所犯過(guò)失表示道歉，而 Excuse me 則多為表示輕微歉意的客套語(yǔ)。4．Sir，先生。這是英語(yǔ)中對(duì)不相識(shí)的男子、年長(zhǎng)者或上級(jí)的尊稱(chēng)。例如：在服務(wù)行業(yè)中，服務(wù)員對(duì)男顧客的稱(chēng)呼通常為 sir：What can I do for you, sir? 先生，您要買(mǎi)什么？ Thank you, ，先生。sir 通常用于正式信函開(kāi)頭的稱(chēng)呼中： Dear sir 親愛(ài)的先生Dear sirs 親愛(ài)的先生們／諸位先生們Sir可用于有爵士稱(chēng)號(hào)者的名字或姓名之前（但不用于姓氏之前）：Sir Winston Churchill 溫斯頓丘吉爾爵士 Sir William Brown 威廉布朗爵士 5．?dāng)?shù)字11～15的英文寫(xiě)法11—eleven 12—twelve 13—thirteen 14—fourteen 15—fifteen語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use否定句否定陳述句與肯定陳述句相反，它表示“否定”，并且含有一個(gè)如not 之類(lèi)的否定詞。一個(gè)內(nèi)含be的否定形式的陳述句，應(yīng)在其后加 not，以構(gòu)成否定句：肯定句：This is my 。否定句： This is not my 。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏凑n文中的這兩句話：針對(duì)一般疑問(wèn)句的否定的簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)是 No，it39。s not／it isn39。t。此處省略和非省略形式的關(guān)系為：is not =isn39。t；it is = it39。s。全句應(yīng)為：No, it is not my ，它不是我的傘。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)Word study1．suit n.（一套）衣服： Is this your suit? 這是你的衣服嗎？a man39。s suit 一套男裝； a woman39。s suit 一套女裝 2．please：interjection（表示有禮貌地請(qǐng)求對(duì)方）請(qǐng)；煩勞：My coat and my umbrella 。Please e 。新概念第一冊(cè)56課文詳解及練習(xí)答案新概念第一冊(cè)56課文詳解及練習(xí)答案 課文詳注 Further notes on the text 1．Good morning．早上好。英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)候用句。對(duì)此問(wèn)候的回應(yīng)一般也是Good morning。根據(jù)一天中見(jiàn)面時(shí)間的不同還可以說(shuō)Good afternoon（下午好）和 Good evening（晚上好）。有時(shí)英美人見(jiàn)面時(shí)只簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)一聲Hello。2．This is Miss Sophie Dupont．這位是索菲婭杜邦小姐。This is+姓名是將某人介紹給他人時(shí)常用的句式。課文中的例子還有：Sophie, this is ，這位是漢斯。And this is 。3．Mr． Blake／Miss Sophie Dupont，布萊克先生／索菲婭杜邦 小姐。英語(yǔ)國(guó)家中人的姓名通常由3部分組成，即：名+中間名+姓。在一般情況下，不用中間名。在熟悉的人中間，以名相稱(chēng)，而在正式的場(chǎng)合中常用 Mr．（先生），Mrs．（太太），Miss（小姐）或Ms．（女士）這些稱(chēng)呼再加上姓。Mr．用于男士的姓之前，不能單獨(dú)使用，如課文中的 Mr．Blake；而sir 一般單獨(dú)使用，是對(duì)長(zhǎng)者、上司或男顧客的尊稱(chēng)，如：Sorry, ，先生。Miss 一般用于指未婚女子，不過(guò)有時(shí)在不知道對(duì)方是否已婚時(shí)也可使用。4．Nice to meet you．很高興見(jiàn)到你。用于初次與他人見(jiàn)面等非正式場(chǎng)合。對(duì)方的回應(yīng)一般應(yīng)為Nice to meet you，too（我也很高興見(jiàn)到你）。人們?cè)谡降膱?chǎng)合初次見(jiàn)面時(shí)常用：How do you do？相應(yīng)的回答也是：How do you do？這是一句問(wèn)候語(yǔ)，并非問(wèn)話。5．國(guó)籍與國(guó)家名稱(chēng)有別請(qǐng)不要將國(guó)家名稱(chēng)和與其對(duì)應(yīng)的國(guó)籍搞混。課文的 French，German，Japanese，Korean以及Chinese都是表示國(guó)籍的詞。句中表示中國(guó)國(guó)籍的詞應(yīng)為 Chinese 而不是 China。語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use 1．特殊疑問(wèn)句以疑問(wèn)詞 who，what，when，which，why，where，whose，how 等引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句都叫特殊疑問(wèn)句，也叫疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)句，有時(shí)還被稱(chēng)為 wh問(wèn)句（whquestion）。結(jié)構(gòu)一般為：疑問(wèn)詞+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+主動(dòng)詞等。作為疑問(wèn)詞的what可以用來(lái)詢問(wèn)名字、國(guó)籍、工作、顏色、型號(hào)等。例如以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)句： What make is this car? 這輛小汽車(chē)是什么牌子的？ What nationality are you? 你是哪國(guó)人？ What is your job? 你的工作是干什么？ What colour is it? 它是什么顏色的？ What size is this skirt? 這條裙子是多大號(hào)的？ 2．a(chǎn) 和 anSophie is a new 。This is an 。這兩個(gè)句子中出現(xiàn)的a／an在英語(yǔ)中被稱(chēng)為不定冠詞。a和an在意義上沒(méi)有區(qū)別。用a／an時(shí)，我們必須記住兩條基本原則：（1）a／an有不確定的意義（即所說(shuō)的人、動(dòng)物或東西對(duì)聽(tīng)者或讀者來(lái)說(shuō)可能是不知道的）。（2）a／an只能用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前。此外還需注意a和an的發(fā)音：a（在平時(shí)講話中發(fā)／+／音）用于輔音（不是輔音字母）之前；an（／+(／）用于元音（不僅僅是以元音字母a，e，i，o，u開(kāi)頭的詞）之前。當(dāng)我們把a(bǔ)或an用來(lái)說(shuō)明字母表中的字母時(shí)，便會(huì)一目了然：This is a B／C／D／G／J／K／P／Q／R／T／U／V／W／Y／Z．這是一個(gè) B／C／D／G／J／K／P／Q／R／T／U／V／W／Y／Z字母。This is an A／E／F／H／I／L／M／N／O／S／X．這是一個(gè)A／E／F／H／I／L／M／N／O／S／X字母。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)Word study1．make n.（產(chǎn)品的）牌子；類(lèi)型，型號(hào)；式樣： What make is your watch? 你的手表是什么牌子的？ Her dress is of Italian 。2．English （人）的；英格蘭（人）的；英國(guó)化的：Is it an American car or an English car? 它是美國(guó)車(chē)還是英國(guó)車(chē)？John is very 。練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 6 A Alice is a isn39。t is is her is a French is a isn39。t is is his is a German 1 Is she a German student or a Japanese student? She isn39。t a German 39。s a Japanese Is this a German car or a French car? It isn39。t a German 39。s a French Is he an Italian student or a German student? He isn39。t an Italian 39。s a German Is she an Italian student or a Chinese student? She isn39。t an Italian is a Chinese Is this an American car or an English car? It isn39。t an American 39。s an English Is he a Japanese student or a Korean student? He isn39。t a Japanese 39。s a Korean Is this an English car or an Italian car? It isn39。t an English 39。s an Italian Is he an English student or a Chinese student? He isn39。t an English 39。s a Chinese Is this a French car or a German car? It isn39。t a French 39。s a German Is this a Chinese car or a Japanese car? It isn39。t a Chinese 39。s a Japanese Is this an English car or an American car? It isn39。t an English 39。s an American Is this a Japanese car or a Korean car? It isn39。t a Japanese 39。s a Korean 課文詳注 Further notes on the text1．My name39。s = My name is。這是自我介紹時(shí)通常使用的句型：My name is…（后面加上自己的姓名）。有時(shí)也可用I39。m…這一句型。2．Are you French，too？你也是法國(guó)人嗎？在英語(yǔ)中，too和either兩個(gè)詞都表示“也”的意思，然而too僅用于肯定句中，either 則限于用在否定句中。too和either一般都放在句末，且前面通常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。例如：Is Sophie Italian, too? 索菲婭也是意大利人嗎？Is Robert a keyboard operator, too? 羅伯特也是電腦錄入員嗎？3．What nationality are you？你是哪國(guó)人？此問(wèn)句用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的國(guó)籍。也可以問(wèn) Where are you from？或 Where do you e from？4．What39。s your job？你是做什么工作的？What39。s =What is。詢問(wèn)對(duì)方從事何種職業(yè)時(shí)還可以說(shuō)：What do you do？5．I39。m an engineer．我是工程師。I39。m／aim／=I am?？谡Z(yǔ)中經(jīng)常使用這種縮略形式。英語(yǔ)不定冠詞有兩個(gè)：a，an。在發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前面用an，在發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前面用a。engineer／?enDNi39。ni+／的發(fā)音是以元音音素開(kāi)頭的，所以前面要用an。（可參見(jiàn)Lessons 5～6 中的有關(guān)說(shuō)明。）6．?dāng)?shù)字16～20的英文寫(xiě)法16—sixteen 17—seventeen 18—eighteen 19—nineteen 20—twenty語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use以疑問(wèn)詞what所引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句（可參見(jiàn) Lessons 5～6中的有關(guān)說(shuō)明。）What…？這一問(wèn)句可以用來(lái)詢問(wèn)國(guó)籍、工作等等：What nationality are you? 你是哪國(guó)人？ What39。s your job? 你是干什么的？對(duì)于以上兩個(gè)問(wèn)句可如下回答： I39。m 。I39。m an air ?，F(xiàn)在不妨改用第3人稱(chēng)單數(shù)來(lái)進(jìn)行類(lèi)似的問(wèn)答：詞匯學(xué)習(xí)Word study 1．job n.（1）職業(yè)： What39。s your job? 你是做什么工作的？（2）（一件）工作，活計(jì)： The whole job takes about 40 。（3）職責(zé)： It39。s your job to be on 。2．nurse（1）n．護(hù)士；照料者：Is she a nurse or a housewife? 她是護(hù)士還是家庭主婦？（2）v．照料；照看：All her time goes into nursing her 。（3）v ．養(yǎng)護(hù)；培養(yǎng)： nurse a young tree 養(yǎng)護(hù)樹(shù)苗nurse an author of promise 培養(yǎng)有前途的作家練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 8 A 1 My name is am a am Sophie is not is is my is not 1 What39。s his job? Is he a policeman? Yes, he What39。s her job? Is she a policewoman? Yes, she What39。s his job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he What39。s her job? Is she an air hostess? Yes, she What39。s his job? Is he a postman? Yes, he What39。s her job? Is she a nurse? Yes, she What39。s his job? Is he a mechanic? Yes, he What39。s his job? Is he a hairdresser? Yes, he What39。s her job? Is she a housewife? Yes, she What39。s his job? Is he a milkman? Yes, he 課文詳注 Further notes on the text 1．How are you today？你今天好嗎？這是朋友或相識(shí)的人之間見(jiàn)面時(shí)問(wèn)對(duì)方身體情況的寒暄話，一般回答語(yǔ)為：Fine, thank ，謝謝。I39。m fine, thank ，謝謝。I39。m very well, thank ，謝謝。如問(wèn)及對(duì)方