【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 時態(tài)，則須在to之后加上be或have。 you an engineer?No, but I want to hasn’t finished the task , he ought to 、省略表語。 you thirsty?Yes, I am(thirsty).同時省略幾個成分?！痵 meet at the same place as(we met) you finished your work?(I have)Not(finished my work)yet.（二）并列句中的省略兩個并列分句中，后一個分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。 father is a doctor and my mother(is)a study at college and my sister(studies)at high school.（三）主從復(fù)合句中的省略主句中有一些成分被省略。.(I’m)Sorry to hear that you are ill.(It is a)Pity that he missed such a good 、省略了一個從句或從句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。 he ing back tonight?I think he feeling better today?I’m afraid ：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope said so 及I suppose believed hope not等。（但I don’t think so比I think not更常用）。（四）其它省略連詞that的省略：①、賓語從句中常省略連詞that，但也有不能省略的情況（參看“名詞性從句”等有關(guān)部分）。②、在定語從句中，that在從句中作賓語時可省略。③、引導(dǎo)主語從句、同位語從句等的連詞that一般不可省略。在表語從句中偶爾可省略。不定式符號to的省略①、并列的不定式可省去后面的to。 told him to sit down and wait for a moment.②、某些使役動詞（如let, make, have）及感官動詞（如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at和listen to等）后面作賓語補足的不定式一定要省去to，但在被動語態(tài)中須把to復(fù)原。 saw the boy fall from the boy was seen to fall from the tree.③、介詞but前若有動詞do，后面的不定式不帶to。 boy did nothing but 、在某些狀語從句中，從句的主語與主句主語一致時，可省去“主語 + be”部分。（參看“狀語從句”有關(guān)部分）連詞if在部分虛擬條件句中可省略，但后面的語序有變化（參見“倒裝句”有關(guān)部分）主句與從句各有一些成分省略。 sooner(you do it), the better(it will be).四、插入語英語句子中（尤其在口語中）常插入一些單詞、短語或者句子，用來補充某些含義。語法上稱他們?yōu)椤安迦胝Z”。（一）插入語的類型：單詞（多是副詞），如：besides, however, otherwise, therefore, though等。 is looking fit, 。I can, however, discuss this when I see 、短語 and India, for example, are the way, where are you from?句子 is an honest man, I , as far as I know, isn’t clever.（二）插入語的位置通常插入語位于句中，并用逗號隔開。但有時，也可位于句首或句末（見上面例句）。也有時，并不用逗號隔開。 know that I think you are ，你明白你錯了。What on earth do you mean? 你究竟是什么意思？（三）插入語在句中的作用一般來說，插入語在句中不起主要作用。如果把插入語抽去，句子的含義不大受影響。但是，有的插入語卻是句子不可缺少的一部分。 got the news from nobody knows 。（四）插入語的特殊用法下面這種復(fù)雜的特殊疑問句，也可認為包含有“插入語”。這種疑問句（有的語法書也稱為“混合疑問句”或“連鎖疑問句”）常用來征詢對方對某一疑問點的看法、判斷、認識、猜度或請求對方重復(fù)一遍說過的話。口語中出現(xiàn)頻率極高。常用動詞有say, suppose, guess, believe, consider, think, imagine 等。 long did you say she would stay here? When do you suppose they’ll be back? How old did you think she was（五）大綱中要求掌握的常用作插入語的詞語 by the way 順便說，順便問一下；so far 到目前為止；and so on 等等；on the contrary 相反； no wonder 不足為奇；as a matter of fact 事實上；e along 快點，來吧；in other words 換句話說；as usual 如同以往；as a result 因此，結(jié)果。下面的練習(xí)題要做熟!做熟之后,一是不記住,二是就是記住了,到時應(yīng)用也成問題 省略和插入語狀語從句由從句擔(dān)任的狀語，在句子中可修飾謂語（或其它動詞）、形容詞、副詞或是整個句子，它可以用來表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等。狀語從句是一較大的語法項目，也是近幾年高考題中常見的一個重要試點。高考中已考查了時間、讓步、地點、條件、目的等狀語從句，這些從句仍是今后高考熱點，應(yīng)作充分準備。同時對方式狀語從句也應(yīng)引起重視。（一）時間狀語從句表示時間的狀語從句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till(until), since, once, as soon as(或the moment), by the time, no sooner ? than, hardly(scarcely)? when, every time等引導(dǎo)。 I came into the office, the teachers were having a started as soon as he received the you see him, you will never forget sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.（二）原因狀語從句原因狀語從句是表示原因或理由的，引導(dǎo)這類從句的最常用的連詞是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果關(guān)系時（它引導(dǎo)的不是從句）為并列連詞，語氣不如because強。 is disappointed because he didn39。t get the it is raining, I will not go that you mention it, I do remember.（三）地點狀語從句引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的連詞是where 和wherever等。 wherever you a mark where you have a question.（四）目的狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句最常用的詞（組）是so, so that（從句謂語常有情態(tài)動詞）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。 clearly, so that they may understand has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV left early in case he should miss the train.（五）結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句是表示事態(tài)結(jié)果的從句，通常主句是原因，從句是結(jié)果。由so that（從句謂語一般沒有情態(tài)動詞）, so ? that, such ? that等引導(dǎo)。 was ill, so that she didn’t attend the was so excited that he could not say a is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.（六）條件狀語從句條件狀語從句分真實性（有可能實現(xiàn)的事情）與非真實性（條件與事實相反或者在說話者看來不大可能實現(xiàn)的事情）條件句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的詞（組）主要有if, unless, so(as)long as, on condition that, so(as)far as, if only(= if)。注意：條件從句中的if 不能用whether替換。 he is not in the office, he must be out for may borrow the book so long as you keep it far as I know（據(jù)我所知）, he will be away for three can go swimming on condition that(= if)you don’t go too far away from the river he had e a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.（七）讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句可由although, though, as, even if(though), however, whatever, whether ? or, no matter who(when, what, ?)等引導(dǎo)。注意：as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句一般是倒裝的。 he is a child, he knows a as he is, he knows a (= No matter what)you say, I’ll never change my mind.（八）方式狀語從句方式狀語從句常由as, as if(though), the way, rather than等引導(dǎo)。 must do the exercise as I show acted as if nothing had happened.（九）比較狀語從句比較狀語從句常用than, so(as)? as, the more ? the more等引導(dǎo)。 have made a lot more mistakes than you smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can busier he is, the happier he feels.（十）使用狀語從句時要注意的幾個問題在時間和條件（有時也在方式、讓步等）從句中，主句是一般將來時，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來?！痩l go outing if it doesn’t rain ’ll write to you as soon as I get to 、有些時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步從句，如果從句的主語與主句主語一致（或雖不一致，是it），從句的謂語又包含動詞be，就可省略從句中的“主語 + be”部分。(he was)still a boy of ten, he had to work day and (you are)asked you may e (it is)necessary I’ll explain to you 、注意區(qū)分不同從句：引導(dǎo)的是什么從句，不僅要根據(jù)連詞，還要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意來判別。以where為例，能引導(dǎo)多種從句。 are to find it where you left it.（地點狀語從句）Tell me the address where he lives.（定語從句，句中有先行詞）I don’t know where he came from.（賓語從句）Where he has gone is not known yet.（主語從句）This place is where they once hid.（表語從句）練習(xí)、狀語從句一、用橫線劃出下列句子中的狀語從句，并指出是哪種狀語從句： as she is, she knows a lot of more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll talks as if(as though)he knew all about is such a good teacher that the students love and respect shall go to the park unless it sooner had I got home than it began to there is water, there is studied hard so that he could catch up with his you are very busy, I won39。t trouble if(though)I ’ll never lose you begin the work, you must will find her wherever she may that you39。ve e, you39。d better have dinner with was so excited that he couldn39。t fall must do everything as he tells is much bigger than matter when you e, you are warmly (S