【文章內容簡介】 book The clause modifies the pronoun “student” and answers the question “which student?”. Did I tell you about the author whom I met? The clause modifies the noun “author” and answers the question “which author?”. 2. Restrictive amp。 non restrictive clauses Do the following pairs of sentences mean the same thing? 1a My uncle, who lives in London, is very rich. 2b My uncle who lives in London is very rich. 2a The policies, which were unpopular, were rejected by the voters. 2b The policies which were unpopular were rejected by the voters. 3a My niece, whose husband is out of work, will inherit the house, which I have always treasured. 3b My niece whose husband is out of work will inherit the house which I have always treasured. The first sentence in each pair has a nonrestrictive clause within two mas, and the second has a restrictive clause. A nonrestrictive clause simply adds more information into the sentence and does not affect the meaning of the main clause: it is therefore bracketed off with mas (1a = an uncle who happens to live in London). Conversely, a restrictive clause defines its referent in the main clause more specifically and contributes significantly to the meaning of the sentence. Thus it is that particular uncle who lives in London who is referred to (1b). In 2a, all policies were unpopular and all were rejected, whereas in 2b only the policies that were unpopular were rejected. Note that in restrictive clauses the nonhuman relative pronoun is either ?that? or ?which?, whereas for human referents the relative pronoun can be either ?who/m? or ?that? (the man that/whom I will marry ....). 3. A test on FORMAL ADJECTIVE CLAUSES Directions: Combine the sentences. Use formal written English. Use (b) as an adjective clause. Punctuate carefully. 1) (a) An antecedent is a word. (b) A pronoun refers to this word. An antecedent ____ 2) (a) The blue whale is considered the largest animal that has ever lived.(b) It can grow to 100 feet and 150 tons. The blue whale ____ 3) (a) The plane was met by a crowd of 300. (b) Some of them had been waiting for more than 4 hours. The plane ____ 4) (a) In this paper, I will describe the basic process.(b) Raw cotton bees cotto n thread by this process. In this paper, I will describe ____ 5) (a) The researchers are doing case studies of people to determine the importance of heredity in health and longevity.(b) These people?s families have a history of high blood pressure and heart disease. The researchers are doing case studies ____ 6) (a) At the end of this month, scientists at the institute will conduct their AIDS research. (b) The results of this research will be published within 6 months. At the end of this month, scientists ____ 7) (a) According to many education officials, ?math phobia?(that is, a fear of mathematics) is a widespread problem. (b) A solution to this problem must and can be found. According to many education officials, ?math phobia? ____ 8) (a) The art museum hopes to hire a new administrator. (b) Under this person?s direction it will be able to purchase significant pieces of art. The art museum ____ 9) (a) The giant anteater licks up ants for its dinner. (b) Its tongue is longer than 30 centimeters (12 inches). The giant anteater ____ 10) (a) The anteater?s tongue is sticky. (b) It can go in and out of its mouth 160 times a minute. The anteater?s tongue ____ III. Closing down by taking a quiz Quiz on Attributive clause Select one answer from the choices provided after each sentence. The words you choose should fit the blank in the sentence. Don?t use the HINT buttons unless you really need them. 1. As many children came were given some cakes. A. that B. as C. who D. whom 2. The visitors saw rows of houses the roofs are red. A. on which B. of which C. where D. that 3. I usually take a nap after lunch, is my habit. A. which it B. as it C. as D. that 4. Please tell me the way you did the job. A. how B. where C. which D. in which 5 Is this museum some German friends visited the day before yesterday? A. the one B. which C. that D. where 6. The farmer uses wood to build a house to store grain. A. in which B. where C. that D. with which 7. I shall never fet the years I spent in the country with the farmers, has a great effect on my life. A. when, which B. that, which C. when, that D. which, that 8. Little has been done is helpful to our work. A. that B. what C. which D. all that 9. Perhaps this is the only market you can get such cheap goods. A. that B. of which C. by which D. where 10. We?ll put off the outing until next week, __ we won?t be so busy. A. when B. which C. at which D. in that Key: 1~10： BBCDA ABADA Period 3: A lesson plan for using language Aims: To learn to tell facts from opinions To write a reply letter To listen and speak about cultural relics Procedures I. Warming up Warming up by questions Morning, class. We always say, “We must respect facts and can?t wholly depend on one?s opinions”. But can you tell me: A. What does it mean when you say, “It is a fact”? B. What does it mean when you say, “It is an opinion”? Keys for reference: A. A fact must be real, objective and without any personal judgment. So it can be proved. B. An option always expresses one?s own ideas. It is always subjunctive. So it has not been proved. Warming up by questioning Turn to page 5. Read the passage and tell me: A. If you want to go in for law against somebody, and if you want to win, what?s the most important thin