【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.” 這一句運(yùn)用了比喻中的隱喻（metaphor）, 用比喻來(lái)闡述道理，使聽(tīng)眾于生動(dòng)的形象中得到啟發(fā)，受到感染，折服于演說(shuō)家。這一句既表明演說(shuō)家的態(tài)度，同時(shí)也是對(duì)本段上文的形象化總結(jié)，這遠(yuǎn)比講美國(guó)今后不會(huì)對(duì)加入自由國(guó)家行列的其他國(guó)家進(jìn)行奴役之類(lèi)的承諾有說(shuō)服力得多。上面就對(duì)肯尼迪演講詞作了簡(jiǎn)略的分析，演講除了內(nèi)容主旨重要的同時(shí)，如果注意語(yǔ)言文字的修辭，無(wú)疑對(duì)于提高演講的表達(dá)力與說(shuō)服力大有裨益。后面附上演講的視頻和演講文本。第五篇：肯尼迪就職演講第一講：美國(guó)總統(tǒng)就職演講特質(zhì)一國(guó)總統(tǒng)的識(shí)見(jiàn)、魄力、智慧與心智成熟在就職演說(shuō)中,新任總統(tǒng)宣布自己的施政綱領(lǐng),表明自己的政見(jiàn)和立場(chǎng),激起聽(tīng)眾的熱情,勸說(shuō)聽(tīng)眾接受其政治主張并采取相應(yīng)的行動(dòng)。Like other great municators including Winston Churchill before him and Reagan since then and Barack Obama nowhe was someone who took wordcraft very seriously 、約翰肯尼迪 就職演講如何開(kāi)啟？ FRIDAY, JANUARY 20, 1961 Vice President Johnson, , Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice President Nixon, President Truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens: we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom，symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning，signifying renewal, as well as I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters justice 審判長(zhǎng)，首席法官Clergy/clergyman可以統(tǒng)指神職人員,其中clergyman在英國(guó)國(guó)教里又指牧師；Reverend是對(duì)教士的尊稱(chēng)。renewal 英 [r?39。nju??l] 美 [r?39。nu??l] ；恢復(fù)；革新；復(fù)蘇；復(fù)活 We are all delighted at the renewal of Almighty/Almighty 祖先，祖宗星期五,1961年1月20日首席法官先生、艾森豪威爾總統(tǒng)、尼克松副總統(tǒng)、杜魯門(mén)總統(tǒng)、尊敬的牧師、各位公民：今天我們慶祝的不是政黨的勝利，而是自由的勝利。這象征著一個(gè)結(jié)束，也象征著一個(gè)開(kāi)端，表示了一種更新，也表示了一種變革。因?yàn)槲乙言谀銈兒腿艿纳系勖媲?，宣讀了我們的先輩在170多年前擬定的莊嚴(yán)誓言。手按《圣經(jīng)》宣誓就職1961年1月20日,肯尼迪總統(tǒng)按照慣例,手按《圣經(jīng)》宣誓就職。誓詞出自美國(guó)憲法第一章第二條:“I do solemnly swear(or affirm)that I will faithfully execute（執(zhí)行；實(shí)行；處決）the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.”僅從總統(tǒng)宣誓就職的誓詞本身,美國(guó)總統(tǒng)對(duì)于憲法的重視可見(jiàn)一斑。世界為何不同了？The world is very different man holds in his mortal（致命的；終有一死的）hands the power to abolish（廢除）all forms of human poverty and all forms of human yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue（在爭(zhēng)論、在爭(zhēng)論中）around the globe，the belief that the rights of man e not from the generosity（慷慨，大方。寬容或慷慨的行為。豐富）of the state, but from the hand of ，人類(lèi)的巨手掌握著既能消滅人間的各種貧困，又能毀滅人間的各種生活的力量。但我們的先輩為之奮斗的那些革命信念，在世界各地仍然有著爭(zhēng)論。這個(gè)信念就是：人的權(quán)利井非來(lái)自國(guó)家的慷慨，而是來(lái)自上帝恩賜。“自由”、“人權(quán)”、“民主”這幾個(gè)字眼,美國(guó)人一向偏愛(ài)。美國(guó)人相信“天賦人權(quán)”,自由是人權(quán)的一種體現(xiàn)。在《獨(dú)立宣言》中就有這樣一段有關(guān)人權(quán)的論述: “We hold these truths to be selfevident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by（被賦予）their Creator with certain unalienable（不可剝奪的）Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.”薪火相傳We dare not forget today that we are the heirs（繼承人。后嗣，嗣子）of that first the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans，born in this century, tempered by（受過(guò)鍛煉）war, disciplined by（訓(xùn)練有素的）a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritageand unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been mitted（忠誠(chéng)的，堅(jiān)定的，把…托付給）, and to which we are mitted today at home and around the ，我們不敢忘記我們是第一次革命的繼承者。讓我們的朋友和敵人同樣聽(tīng)見(jiàn)我此時(shí)此地的講話(huà)：火炬已經(jīng)傳給新一代美國(guó)人。這一代人在本世紀(jì)誕生，在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受過(guò)鍛煉，在艱難困苦的和平時(shí)期受過(guò)陶冶，他們?yōu)槲覈?guó)悠久的傳統(tǒng)感到自豪——他們不愿目睹或聽(tīng)任我國(guó)一向保證的、今天仍在國(guó)內(nèi)外作出保證的人權(quán)漸趨毀滅。Imagery: “The torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans”意象：“火炬已經(jīng)傳給了新一代的美國(guó)人”Imagery is vivid descriptive language that appeals to one or more of the senses(sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste).以維護(hù)天下的人權(quán)為己任肯尼迪在其就職演說(shuō)中指出，”a new generation of Americans, ……unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which the nation has always been mitted, and to which we are mitted today at home and around the world.“ 這里,肯尼迪的政治主張非常明確,在外交政策上延續(xù)了國(guó)際主義的走向――自詡為自由世界的維護(hù)者和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的美國(guó)要以維護(hù)天下的人權(quán)為己任。美國(guó)人一向的偏愛(ài)Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival（幸存，生存。幸存者。遺物。遺風(fēng)）and the success of much we pledge（保證。典當(dāng)，抵押），and ——不論它希望我們繁榮還是希望我們衰落——為確保自由的存在和自由的勝利，我們將付出任何代價(jià)，承受任何負(fù)擔(dān)，應(yīng)付任何艱難，支持任何朋友，反抗任何敵人。這些就是我們的保證——而且還有更多的保證。肯尼迪在其就職演說(shuō)一開(kāi)始提到的“revolutionary belief(革命信念)“即是《獨(dú)立宣言》中關(guān)于”天賦人權(quán)“的信念。在肯尼迪就職演說(shuō)詞中,”自由(liberty, freedom,)“一詞就用了多達(dá)9次,而與”自由“息息相關(guān)的”人權(quán)(human rights)“也多次出現(xiàn)。這里,肯尼迪表達(dá)的是美國(guó)人對(duì)于自由、人權(quán)的一貫追求。對(duì)自由、人權(quán)的重視是美國(guó)人的核心價(jià)值觀。精神淵源的老盟友To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful , there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative , there is little we can do，for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.（在爭(zhēng)吵下休、四分五裂時(shí)）對(duì)那些和我們有著共同文化和精神淵源的老盟友，我們保證待以誠(chéng)實(shí)朋友那樣的忠誠(chéng)。我們?nèi)绻麍F(tuán)結(jié)一致，就能在許多合作事業(yè)中無(wú)在而下勝；我們?nèi)绻制鐚?duì)立，就會(huì)一事無(wú)成——因?yàn)槲覀儾桓以跔?zhēng)吵下休、四分五裂時(shí)迎接強(qiáng)大的挑戰(zhàn)。第二講：一國(guó)與世界的關(guān)注加入到自由行列中來(lái)的新國(guó)家To those new States whom we wele to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron shall not always expect to find them supporting our we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedomand to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up ，我們格守我們的誓言：決不讓一種更為殘酷的暴政來(lái)取代一種消失的殖民統(tǒng)治。我們并不總是指望他們會(huì)支持我們的觀點(diǎn)。但我們始終希望看到他們堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地維護(hù)自己的自由——而且要記住，在歷史上，凡愚蠢地騎在虎背上謀求權(quán)力的人，都是以葬身虎口而告終。身居茅舍和鄉(xiāng)村的人們To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge o