【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 入學(xué)申請(qǐng)，一定會(huì)被拒絕。我的妻子Jean當(dāng)過斯坦福大學(xué)的招生主任，她向我保證，如果當(dāng)年我申請(qǐng)斯坦福大學(xué)，她會(huì)拒絕我。我把這篇演講的草稿給她過目，她強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)我使用“拒絕”這個(gè)詞，她從來不拒絕任何申請(qǐng)者。在拒絕信中，她總是寫：“我們無法提供你入學(xué)機(jī)會(huì)?！蔽曳植磺鍍烧叩降子泻尾顒e。在我看來，那些大熱門學(xué)校的招生主任與其稱為“準(zhǔn)許你入學(xué)的主任”，還不如稱為“拒絕你入學(xué)的主任”。很顯然，我需要好好學(xué)學(xué)怎么來推銷自己。My address will follow the classical sonata form of mencement first movement, just presented, were lighthearted next movement consists of unsolicited advice, which is rarely valued, seldom remembered, never Oscar Wilde said, “The only thing to do with good advice is to pass it is never of any use to oneself.” So, here es the , every time you celebrate an achievement, be thankful to those who made it your parents and friends who supported you, thank your professors who were inspirational, and especially thank the other professors whose lessthanbrilliant lectures forced you to teach forward, the ability to teach yourself is the hallmark of a great liberal arts education and will be the key to your your fellow students who have added immeasurably to your education during those late night discussions, hug , of course, thank you forget, there39。s an alumni association to remind , in your future life, cultivate a generous all negotiations, don39。t bargain for the last, little the change on the your collaborations, always remember that “credit” is not a conserved a successful collaboration, everybody gets 90 percent of the ，我的演講也不例外。剛才是第一樂章輕快的閑談。接下來的第二樂章是送上門的忠告。這樣的忠告很少被重視，幾乎注定被忘記，永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被實(shí)踐。但是，就像王爾德說的：“對(duì)于忠告，你所能做的，就是把它送給別人，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)你沒有任何用處。”所以，下面就是我的忠告。第一，取得成就的時(shí)候，不要忘記前人。要感謝你的父母和支持你的朋友，要感謝那些啟發(fā)過你的教授，尤其要感謝那些上不好課的教授，因?yàn)樗麄兤仁鼓阕詫W(xué)。從長遠(yuǎn)看，自學(xué)能力是優(yōu)秀的文理教育中必不可少的，將成為你成功的關(guān)鍵。你還要去擁抱你的同學(xué)，感謝他們同你進(jìn)行過的許多次徹夜長談，這為你的教育帶來了無法衡量的價(jià)值。當(dāng)然，你還要感謝哈佛大學(xué)。不過即使你忘了這一點(diǎn)，校友會(huì)也會(huì)來提醒你。第二，在你們未來的人生中，做一個(gè)慷慨大方的人。在任何談判中，都把最后一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)利益留給對(duì)方。不要把桌上的錢都拿走。在合作中，要牢記榮譽(yù)不是一個(gè)守恒的量。成功合作的任何一方，都應(yīng)獲得全部榮譽(yù)的90%。Jimmy Stewart, as Elwood in the movie “Harvey” got it exactly said: “Years ago my mother used to say to me, 39。In this world, Elwood, you must be...she always used to call me Elwood...in this world, Elwood, you must be oh so smart or oh so pleasant.39?！?Well, for years I was smart....I remend may quote me on 《Harvey》中，Jimmy Stewart扮演的角色Elwood ，就完全理解這一點(diǎn)。他說：“多年前，母親曾經(jīng)對(duì)我說，39。Elwood，活在這個(gè)世界上，你要么做一個(gè)聰明人，要么做一個(gè)好人。39?！蔽易雎斆魅?，已經(jīng)做了好多年了。......但是，我推薦你們做好人。你們可以引用我這句話。My third piece of advice is as follows: As you begin this new stage of your lives, follow your you don39。t have a passion, don39。t be satisfied until you find is too short to go through it without caring deeply about I was your age, I was incredibly singleminded in my goal to be a college, I spent eight years as a graduate student and postdoc at Berkeley, and then nine years at Bell that my time, my central focus and professional joy was ，當(dāng)你開始生活的新階段時(shí)，請(qǐng)跟隨你的愛好。如果你沒有愛好，就去找，找不到就不罷休。生命太短暫，如果想有所成，你必須對(duì)某樣?xùn)|西傾注你的深情。我在你們這個(gè)年齡，是超級(jí)的一根筋，我的目標(biāo)就是非成為物理學(xué)家不可。本科畢業(yè)后，我在加州大學(xué)伯克利分校又待了8年，讀完了研究生，做完了博士后，然后去貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室待了9年。在這些年中，我關(guān)注的中心和職業(yè)上的全部樂趣，都來自物理學(xué)。Here is my final piece of a personal passion is important, but it should not be your only you are old and gray, and look back on your life, you will want to be proud of what you have source of that pride won39。t be the things you have acquired or the recognition you have will be the lives you have touched and the difference you have ，就是說興趣愛好固然重要，但是你不應(yīng)該只考慮興趣愛好。當(dāng)你白發(fā)蒼蒼、垂垂老矣、回首人生時(shí)，你需要為自己做過的事感到自豪。你的物質(zhì)生活和得到的承認(rèn)，都不會(huì)產(chǎn)生自豪。只有那些你出手相助、被你改變過的人和事，才會(huì)讓你產(chǎn)生自豪。After nine years at Bell labs, I decided to leave that warm, cozy ivory tower for what I considered to be the “real world,” a Labs, to quote what was said about Mary Poppins, was “practically perfect in every way,” but I wanted to leave behind something more than scientific wanted to teach and give birth to my own set of scientific ，我決定離開這個(gè)溫暖舒適的象牙塔，走進(jìn)我眼中的“真實(shí)世界”——大學(xué)。我對(duì)貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室的看法，就像別人形容電影Mary Poppins的話，“實(shí)際上完美無缺”。但是，我想為世界留下更多的東西，不只是科學(xué)論文。我要去教書，培育我自己在科學(xué)上的后代。Ted Geballe, a friend and distinguished colleague of mine at Stanford, who also went from Berkeley to Bell Labs to Stanford years earlier, described our motives best: 我在斯坦福大學(xué)有一個(gè)好友兼杰出同事Ted Geballe。他也是從伯克利分校去了貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室，幾年前又離開貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室去了斯坦福大學(xué)。他對(duì)我們的動(dòng)機(jī)做出了最佳描述：“The best part of working at a university is the e in fresh, enthusiastic, open to ideas, unscarred by the battles of don39。t realize it, but they39。re the recipients of the best our society can a mind is ever free to be creative, that39。s the e in believing textbooks are authoritative, but eventually they figure out that textbooks and professors don39。t know everything, and then they start to think on their , I begin learning from them.” “在大學(xué)工作，最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)就是學(xué)生。他們生機(jī)勃勃，充滿熱情，思想自由，還沒被生活的重壓改變。雖然他們自己沒有意識(shí)到，但是他們是這個(gè)社會(huì)中你能找到的最佳受眾。如果生命中曾經(jīng)有過思想自由和充滿創(chuàng)造力的時(shí)期，那么那個(gè)時(shí)期就是你在讀大學(xué)。進(jìn)校時(shí)，學(xué)生們對(duì)課本上的一字一句毫不懷疑，漸漸地，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)課本和教授并不是無所不知的，于是他們開始獨(dú)立思考。從那時(shí)起，就是我開始向他們學(xué)習(xí)了?！?My students, post doctoral fellows, and the young researchers who worked with me at Bell Labs, Stanford, and Berkeley have been 30 former group members are now professors, many at the best research institutions in the world, including have learned much from now, in rare moments on weekends, the remaining members of my biophysics group meet with me in the ether world of 、帶過的博士后、合作過的年輕同事，都非常優(yōu)秀。他們中有30多人，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是教授了。他們所在的研究機(jī)構(gòu)有不少是全世界第一流的，其中就包括哈佛大學(xué)。我從他們身上學(xué)到了很多東西。即使現(xiàn)在，我偶爾還會(huì)周末上網(wǎng)，向現(xiàn)在還從事生物物理學(xué)研究的學(xué)生請(qǐng)教。I began teaching with the idea of giving back。I received more than I brings me to the final movement of this begins with a story about an extraordinary scientific discovery and a new dilemma that it 39。s a call to arms and about making a ，開始了教學(xué)生涯。我的一生中，得到的多于我付出的，所以我要回報(bào)社會(huì)。這就引出了這次演講的最后一個(gè)樂章。首先我要講一個(gè)了不起的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)，以及由此帶來的新挑戰(zhàn)。它是一個(gè)戰(zhàn)斗的號(hào)令，到了做出改變的時(shí)候了。In the last several decades, our climate has been change is not new: the Earth went through six ice ages in the past 600,000 , recent measurements show that the climate has begun to change size of the North Polar Ice Cap in the month of September is only half the size it was a mere 50 years sea level which been rising since direct measurements began in 1870 at a rate that is now five times faster than it was at the beginning of recorded 39。s the remarkable scientific the first time in human history, science is now