【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 eir best choices? Egypt and Central Mexico. ,Belize and Iran. ,Benin,Toga and Iran. ,Sardinia and Corsica. B Frauds（ 詐騙犯 ） play plex psychological tricks to fool others, says Colin Barras and that means anyone can be cheated unless they know what to look for. None of us likes to be cheated, and David Modic has done some researches on it. It’s the personal passion that has convinced Modic to study the psychology of cheating. He’ s not alone:the field is thriving, and the information that researchers are uncovering is valuable to us allfrom those single in search of love to the technology wizards（人才） in charge of the world’s online security. Modic is particularly interested in what makes people easy to fraud. It’s mon to imagine that only the foolish or poorly educated might fall victimbut even hard evidence suggests this is not the case. Take Paul Frampton, an Oxbridge educated academic professor of physics for example. In 2021 Frampton was given almost 5 years in prison for drug smuggling in Argentina, after falling victim to an online dating then there’s John Worley. As a psychotherapist, Worley knows more than most of us about controlling life’s right ways. But in 2021 he was put on trial for bank fraud after being a victim of a fraud. This fraud sees people contacted by someone claiming to be a Nigerian government official appealing for help moving large sums of money out of the country — who just requires a little money upfront （預(yù)付的） to release the fortune. Worley was found guilty and sentenced to two years in prison. Intelligent and experience offer no protection against cheaters,says Modic. “If it did, then better educated people and older people would be less likely to fall for that is not supported by my research.” To look for answers to that question, Modic and Frank Stajano have quizzed thousands of people,asking them first whether they think various frauds are reasonable—and whether they have fallen victim to them— before asking them to perform a personality test. The research has identified a number of characteristics that people who are victims of frauds seem to have in of these traits—like a lack of selfcontrol— we would probably recognize as dangerous. But others—a trust in authority, a desire to act in the same way as our friends, or a tendency to act in a consistent way—we might think of as good characteristics. to the passage,the frauds may ________. threaten the world’s online security their tricks in a consistent way much education of psychology high intelligence to help cheating 3 mainly tells us that ________.[來源 :學科網(wǎng) ] and what makes people easy to fraud walks of life would be likely to fall for scams poorly educated may be easier to be cheated officials should be responsible for frauds and Frank Stajano’s researches find out that the victims ________. follow friends’ actions share good characteristics considered to be dangerous ’t have a trust in authority C It’s well established that people with low economic status are the hardest hit by the current obesity pandemic (肥胖癥 )， as well as related health problems such as diabetes. Poor healthcare, stress, unhealthy lifestyles, and a lot of cheap junk food are all thought to play a role. But a new study suggests there’s a subconscious ponent, too. When researchers merely led study volunteers to consider themselves lowclass, they were more likely to prefer, choose, and eat larger amounts of food, as well as highercalorie foods. The findings, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, reflect what’s been seen in a variety of animals. Thus, the authors assume that the mental problem may be an evolutionary holdover (遺留 物） intended to improve survival by pensating for a lack of social and material resources. More important for humans, the findings suggest that we may not be able to deal with obesity by just improving access to healthier foods and promoting exercise. For the study, psychology researchers at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore drafted nearly 500 healthy participants for two experiments. In the first, the team had 101 participants plete a task in which they were shown a ladder with ten steps and told to select which step they were on relative to either a wealthy, welleducated, powerful person or a poor, uneducated, unimportant person. Next, the participants got to pick foods from an imagined buffet. Taking into account things like each participant39。s normal eating pattern, hunger, and gender, the researchers found that those who ranked their social status lower chose more food and more highcalorie foods than those that ranked themselves as having a higher social status. In the other experiment, researchers gave 167 participants the same socioeconomic ranking task, then asked them to match high calorie foods (pizza, hamburgers, fried chicken) and low calories foods (vegetables and fruits) with either pleasant or unpleasant descriptors, such as tasty or nasty. Again, those who landed lower on the ladder had a tendency to prefer the highcalorie food. “These findings suggest that the thought of low social standing may be critically linked to obesity risk via increased intake of calories,” the authors conclude. As such, the subjective experience of low social standing may be another barrier to improving health. 61. What does the author want to reveal in the first paragraph? A. More and more people tend to suffer from diabetes. B. Unhealthy lifestyles contribute to obesity pandemic. C. Subconscious plays a part in causing obesity pandemic. D. lowclass people are less likely to be affected by diabetes. 62. What is the possible link between lowclass people and animals? A. Consumption of larger amounts of food results from desire for