【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 erate situation,” said USFWS Director Daniel environmentalists, however, were had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on Ashe and others argued that the“threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken’s the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range—wide management plan to restore prairie chicken by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable fund will 可銳教育官網(wǎng)also be used to pensate landowners who set aside habitat, USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies(WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring , the idea is to let “states” remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species，” Ashe everyone buys the winwin rhetoric Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court Not surprisingly, doesn’t go far enough “The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction,” says biologist Jay Lininger. major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____[A]its drastically decreased population[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists[D]the insistence of private landowners “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____[A]was a givein to governmental pressure[B]would involve fewer agencies in action[C]granted less federal regulatory power[D]went against conservation policies can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harmdoers will not be prosecuted if they_____[A]agree to pay a sum for pensation[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations to Ashe，the leading role in managing the species in______[A]the federal government[B]the wildlife agencies[C]the landowners[D]the states Lininger would most likely support_______[A]industry groups[B]the winwin rhetoric[C]environmental groups[D]the plan under challenge答案 A its drastically decreased population解析：此題是原因細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段But前后關(guān)于lesser prairie chickens 數(shù)量2million和22,000的強(qiáng)烈對比。此外第二段第二句“the lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation”都可以得知A its drastically decreased population 數(shù)量的急劇下降為正確答案。答案 C granted less federal regulatory powers 可銳教育官網(wǎng)Grant 動詞同意允許；授予賦予名詞補(bǔ)貼解析：此題是原因細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段第四句，They had ?, a state that gives federal officials greater regulatory 之后是截然相反的事實(shí)，即政府授予了更少的管理權(quán)。故而C granted less federal regulatory powers為正確答案。答案 A agree to pay a sum for pensation賠償補(bǔ)償 薪酬解析：推斷題。題干問的是從第三段推出來：無意傷害的那些人是不會被檢舉的如果怎么樣。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段首句“it would not prosecute?.as long as ?.”，題干中問的if即原文的as long as的同意替換，原文as long as的意思是：只要他們簽署了計劃。下一句說道，該計劃要求個體和企業(yè)去支付基金。對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A選項(xiàng)“贊同支付賠償”屬于同義替換。答案 D the states解析：此題是細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段最后一句the idea is to let the“states”remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species, Ashe the driver’s seat對應(yīng)題干中的the leading role, 故而D states為正確答案。答案 C environmental groups群體團(tuán)體解析：文中人物觀點(diǎn)題。題干問的是Jay Lininger最可能支持誰，大寫人名定位到末段最后一句。最后一句提到：生物學(xué)家Jay Lininger說道聯(lián)邦政府要把責(zé)任推給導(dǎo)致鳥類滅絕的企業(yè)，顯然是對政府和企業(yè)的反對。再往前看一句，指出：企業(yè)團(tuán)體和政府部門觀點(diǎn)一致，環(huán)境學(xué)家與其觀點(diǎn)恰巧一致。因此，Jay Lininger最支持環(huán)境團(tuán)體的觀點(diǎn)了。Text 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses,” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prizewinning economist, “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Firedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR)policies as a waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for paniesat least when they are prosecuted for largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $ 15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting could add value to their businesses in three , consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a pany’s products are of high , customers may be willing to buy a pany’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act(FCPA).It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a pany’s products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most prehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: 可銳教育官網(wǎng)Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a pany’s record in CSR.“We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labourrights concern, such as child labour or increasing corpora giving by about 20% results in fine