【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 thing, resulting in the deaths of five people, or push a man off a bridge, which will stop the trolley. The practical response is to kill one man to save five lives, which 33. 5 percent of smartphone users chose, pared to percent of PC users. “What we found in our study is that when people used a smartphone to view classic moral problems, they were more likely to make more unemotional, reasonable decisions when presented with a highly emotional dilemma, Dr Albert BarqueDuran, the lead author of the study, told City, University of London. ” This could be due to the increased time pressure often present with smartphones and also the increased psychological distance which can occur when we use such devices pared to PCs.” As for why the researchers started this study, Dr BarqueDuran noted, Due to the fact that our social lives, work and even shopping take place online, it is important to think about how the contexts where we typically face moral decisions and are asked to engage in moral behavior have changed, and the impact this could have on the hundreds of millions of people who use such devices daily. it39。s clear that we need more research on how our devices affect our moral decision making because we’re using screens at an ever increasing rate. 28. Why did the author mention the trolley problem? A. To introduce a difficult problem to readers. B. To introduce the aim of carrying out the study. C. To show an example of the questions in the study D. To show the difficulty in dealing with dilemmas. 29. How do the smartphone users of the study behave in dealing with emotional dilemmas? A. Calmly. B. Cruelly. C. Hesitantly. D. Enthusiastically. 30. Dr Albert believes that pared with PCs, samrtphones . A. help people bear more pressure B. help people make decisions quick C. make people feel more mentally distant D. make people stay happier to solve problems 31. What can we infer from the text? A. Shopping online has a great effect on making moral decisions. B. The people using smartphones are more than those using PCs. C. People who often use samrtphones or PCs always meet with dilemmas. D. It is mon for people to be involved in making moral decisions in daily life. D There is a breakthrough in building aircrafts. Bendable wings covered with overlapping (部分重疊 ) pieces resembling fish sizes could be used to build swifter, fuelefficient aircraft, a new study finds. Nowadays, conventional aircrafts typically rely on ailerons(副翼 )to help control the way the planes tip as they fly. However, when the Wright brothers flew the first airplane, Flyer 1, over a century ago, they used no ailerons but wires and pulleys that twisted the woodand canvas wings, to control the plane. Scientists have long sought to develop aircrafts that can alter their wings during flight just as birds can. However, most previous attempts have failed because they relied on heavy mechanical control structures within the wings. These structures were also plex and unreliable, said Neil Gershenfeld, a physicist and director of the Center for Bits and Atoms at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The new wing consists of a system of tiny, strong, lightweight modules. The shape of the wing can be changed uniformly along its length using two small motors, which apply a twisting pressure to each wingtip. These wings are covered in skins of overlapping strips of flexible material resembling fish sizes. These strips move across each other as the wings alter, providing a smooth outer surface, the researchers explained. Windtunnel tests of these wings showed that they at least matched the aerodynamic properties of conventional wings, at about onetenth the weight. Initial tests using remotely piloted aircrafts made with these wings have shown great promise, said Benjamin Jet, a graduate student at the Center for Bits and Atoms at MIT. The new modular structures the scientists developed could be manufactured quickly in mass quantities and then installed by teams of small robots. These modular structures also can be disassembled more easily, making repairs simpler. “Still, the first aircraft built using this strategy will not be a passenger jet,”