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ut to, was ( were) on the point 等。 ? 如: ( 1 ) We were about to start when it began to rain. 我們剛要出發(fā)就開始下雨了。 ? ( 2 ) He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他剛要走就有人敲門。 ? C. when 分句之前的分句用過去完成時(shí),其中 sb had hardly / scarcely /barely … when 已成為固定詞組。如: ? ( 1 ) We had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang. 我們剛剛?cè)胨徛暰晚懥似饋怼? ? ( 2 ) He had scarcely arrived when he had to leave again. 他剛剛到達(dá)就又要離開了。 ? 3. 表示條件,相當(dāng)于 if ,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。 ? 如: How can I get a job when I can39。t even read or write? 如果我連讀和寫都不會(huì),我怎么能找到工作呢? ? 4. 表示對(duì)比,主要有以下兩種情況: ? A. 相當(dāng)于 whereas, while, since, 意為“既然;然而”。 ? 如: ( 1 ) How can I help them to understand when they won39。t listen to me? 既然他們不愿聽我的,我又怎么能幫助他們弄明白呢? ? ( 2 ) They have only three copies when we need five. 他們只有三本,而我們卻需要五本。 ? B. when 從句中使用虛擬語氣,意為“本來 …… 卻 ……” 。 ? 如: ( 1 ) She paid when she could have entered free. 本來可以免費(fèi)入場(chǎng),而她卻付了款。 ? ( 2 ) She stopped trying when she might have succeeded next time. 她本來下次有可能獲得成功,但她卻不再嘗試了。 ? ( 3 ) They were gossiping, when they should have been working. 他們本該工作,卻在那里說別人的閑話。 ? 5. 由 when 等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,如果主語與主句的主語一致或是 it ,謂語動(dòng)詞又含 be 動(dòng)詞時(shí),主語和 be 動(dòng)詞常常被省略,就變成“ when + Ving/ Ved/ adj/ 介詞詞組”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 ? 如: ( 1 ) When in Rome, do as Romans do. 入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。 ? ( 2 ) When ( we are ) young, we are full of hope. 年輕時(shí),我們大家總是充滿希望。 ? ( 3 ) Don39。t reach sideways when standing on a ladder. 站在梯子上時(shí),不要側(cè)著身子去夠東西。 And ? ,相當(dāng)于 plus,意為 加 。 ? 如: What’s thre