【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】
YER agrees notionally to BORROW .the SELLER agrees notionally to LEND . a specified notional principal amount . denominated in a specified currency . at a FIXED rate of interest . for a specified period . to mence on an agreed date in the future課堂案例分析討論10:遠(yuǎn)期利率協(xié)議 一家公司計(jì)劃在3個(gè)月后要借入一筆100萬(wàn)美元,為期6個(gè)月。假定公司能以LIBOR的水平籌措資金,現(xiàn)在的LIBOR=6%,公司擔(dān)心未來(lái)3個(gè)月內(nèi)利率會(huì)上升。如果借款公司等到3個(gè)月后才去借款,現(xiàn)在什么也不做,那么該公司可能會(huì)面臨利率上升的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。該公司怎樣規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)? a. 購(gòu)買(mǎi)一份FRA,%。這樣一份FRA記作 “3180。9” , 讀作“3對(duì)9”b. 怎樣規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的?假設(shè)3個(gè)月后,現(xiàn)行利率確實(shí)上漲到7%的水平,盡管借款公司采用了FRA加以保值,但公司仍然必須以市場(chǎng)利率7%借款,為期6個(gè)月,因此公司不得不多付利息3750美元。多付的利率由銀行補(bǔ)償,即銀行:(收取利率支付利率)180。本金180。期限=(%7%)180。100180。6/12=3750美元 3) The Settlement Processi. Terminology* Contract amount: the principal sum notionally lent or borrowed* Contract currency: the currency in which the contract amount is denominated* Dealing date: the date when the FRA deal is struck* Settlement date: the date when the notional loan or deposit mences* Fixed date: the date when the reference rate is determined* Maturity date: the date when the notional loan or deposit matures* Contract period: the number of days between settlement and maturity dates * Contract rate: the fixed interest rate agreed under the FRA* Reference rate: the marketbased rate used to the fixing date to determine the settlement sum* settlement sum: the amount paid by one party to the other on the settlement date, based on the difference between the contract and reference rates Deferment period Contract periodDealing Spot Fixing Settlement Maturitydate date date date date1993412 414 512 514 816(星期一) (星期三) (星期三) (星期五) (星期一)contract contract reference settlement rate rate rate sum agreed agreed determined paid % 7% (實(shí)際支付) Settlement Process (ir ic)ADAYS/BASIS Settlement sum = 190。190。190。190。190。190。190。190。190。190。190。190。190。190。 1+ (irDAYS/BASIS) ir :參考利率 ic:協(xié)議利率 A:協(xié)議金額DAYS:協(xié)議期天數(shù) BASIS:一年總天數(shù)(計(jì)算美元按360天,英鎊按365天) ir ic ,0,賣(mài)方向買(mǎi)方支付(買(mǎi)方預(yù)期是對(duì)的) ir ic , 0,賣(mài)方向買(mǎi)方索取補(bǔ)償(買(mǎi)方預(yù)期錯(cuò)) 將上式分子分母同乘以BASIS/DAYS,整理得: (ir ic)A Settlement sum = 190。190。190。190。190。190。190。190。190。 ir+BASIS/DAYS是否買(mǎi)方起到套期保值作用?(若真要借100萬(wàn)美元的話) 4) Pricing FRAs: Filling the Gap 基本思想:給遠(yuǎn)期利率協(xié)議定價(jià)就是把它看作是彌補(bǔ)現(xiàn)貨市場(chǎng)上不同到期日之間“缺口”的工具。例1:某人有一筆資金希望投資一年。6個(gè)月的年利率為9%,12個(gè)月期的年利率為10%。該投資者可以有多種投資選擇,其中包括: 投資一年,獲利10%; 投資半年,獲利9%,同是出售一分6180。12遠(yuǎn)期利率協(xié)議,把下本年的收益鎖定在某種水平上。 以上投資方法如下圖所示: 0月 9% 6月 ? 12月 A B 10% 0 months 9% 6 months about 11% 12 monthsA BReturn 1% lower 10% Return 1% higher Determining the Rate for a 6180。12 FRA例2:a. 6