【文章內容簡介】 l and radial load from drilling weight. We have two types of drive shafts, as follows: 1) Bit nozzle pressure loss is Mpa, using hard alloy radial bearing and drive shaft assembly with thrust bearings ()。 2) Bit nozzle pressure loss is Mpa, using hard alloy radial bearing and PDC cutter flat thrust bearing. It has longer lasting life and higher bearing capacity. 上海奧森油田服務有限 公司 Shanghai Ocean Oilfield Service Co. Downhole Motor 7 4．螺桿鉆具型號說明 4. Model Number 例： 5LZ165 表示為轉子頭數(shù)與定子頭數(shù)比為 5﹕ 6 的、外徑為 ?165mm 螺桿鉆具，鉆頭水眼壓降為 。BH(渤海 )。 5．使用須知 5． 1 井場鉆井技術人員和司鉆必須了解鉆具的結構原理和使用參數(shù)。按使用手冊的要求合理使用鉆具。 5． 2 根據(jù)整個井眼的鉆井作業(yè)計劃，由鉆井工程師根據(jù)任務結合地層結構、井眼孔徑、深度、機械轉速選定所用鉆頭與鉆具型號，決定水眼直徑和鉆具組合。現(xiàn)場施工必須嚴格按制定的鉆井作業(yè)計劃執(zhí)行。 5． 3 對鉆井液的要求：螺桿鉆具的馬達為容積式，決定鉆具性能的因素是馬達的輸入流量和作用于兩端的壓力 降，而不是鉆井液的類型。鉆井液的物理化學性能除個別有損鉆具壽命外，一般不影響鉆具性能，應注意考慮鉆井工藝的需要。但鉆井液所含的各 Example: It expresses: Ratio of the number of rotor ends and the number of stator ends is 5:6。 of Screw drill is ?165mm。 Bit nozzle pressure loss is Mpa。 BH is Bo Hai 5. Application Notices Site drilling technical persons and drillers shall know well screw drill structure principle and technical parameters, correctly apply screw drill in accordance with requirements specified in this manual. Drilling engineer shall make operation program upon the whole hole, and select the model of screw drill and bit to be used , determine nozzle size and screw drill bination according to formation edge structure, hole size, depth and mechanical speed . The determined drilling program shall be strictly carried out accordingly on the location. Drilling Fluid Requirement: Screw drill motor shall be volumetric. The key factor to screw drill property is motor inlet flow rate, and the pressure loss functioning onto both ends. But it is not the kind of drilling fluid. Physical and chemical property of drilling fluid, except the individual damage to screw drill running life, normally does not affect its property. 上海奧森油田服務有限 公司 Shanghai Ocean Oilfield Service Co. Downhole Motor 8 工藝的需要。但鉆井液所含的各 種硬顆粒必須予以限制，因為它會加速軸承、馬達的磨損而降低鉆具的使用壽命，建議固相含砂量不超過 1%（事實證明：若含砂量達到 5%，鉆具壽命會降低 50%）。同時注意鉆井液中不要混有各種氣體，因為混有氣 體的鉆井液在鉆具中壓力的變化下容易產(chǎn)生“氣蝕作用”，加速鉆具的損壞，尤其是定子橡膠更容易被氣蝕壞，必須予以足夠的重視。 5． 4 使用鉆頭的選擇：與螺桿鉆具一起使用的鉆頭在選擇上是十分重要的問題。因此螺桿鉆具是否能成功的發(fā)揮作用的幾個因素中，鉆頭與鉆具的匹配是最重要的，希望能引起現(xiàn)場使用人員的重視。選擇鉆頭與螺桿鉆具配套使用的因素應是： （ 1） 鉆井方案及計劃； （ 2） 針對地層需要的刃部結構； （ 3） 鉆井液流通通道的結構； （ 4） 預先計劃的機械鉆速； （ 5） 使用該鉆頭，鉆具運轉的時間估算： （ 6） 鉆頭水眼壓降的設計。 什么樣的地層結構、地層 軟硬、使用哪類鉆頭、用什么樣的刃部設計，請參考有關鉆頭的專業(yè)資料，這里僅就使用螺桿鉆具完成各種鉆井作業(yè)，對鉆頭的選擇作些簡要說明。 A：除了鉆頭水眼造成的壓降外，要使鉆井液流經(jīng)鉆頭底部時別再形成其他較大的壓力損失，尤其是鉆頭水眼壓降已達到該型號鉆具規(guī)定的壓降值時更應注意。這對牙輪鉆頭不必擔心，但是 PDC鉆頭冠部液體通道的設計，就必須考慮通道過流面積是否可能造成額外過多的壓力損失問題，同時并能保證巖屑及時排出及鉆頭冷卻需要。 B：牙輪鉆頭：這類鉆頭在螺桿鉆具配合使用時，更實用于鉆井周期不長的作業(yè)，如定向造斜、 側鉆等。 This shall be considered for the need of drilling process. However, the content of hard grains in mud stream must be limited since they can speed up wear of bearing and motor, may cause shortening screw drill running life. It is suggested that solid sand content should not be over 1%( actually when sand content is 5%, running life will be reduced by 50%). Also, take care, not let drilling fluid mixed with any gas , because the fluid with gas may easily cause ―Gas Erosion‖. It may speed up tool damage with change of pressure. In particular, the rubber on stator is more easily damaged by gas erosion. Enough attention shall be paid to this problem. Bit Selection: For bit selection, it is important to bine and match screw drill to be used. It relates to success of screw drill application. It is advised site operators shall take care of this matter. Application factors to bine bit with screw drill are as follows: (1) Drilling Plan and Program。 (2) Formation Edge Structure。 (3) Structure of Mud Flowing Channels。 (4) Determined Mechanical Drilling Speed。 (5) Estimation of Bit and Screw Drill Running Life。 (6) Design of Bit Nozzle Pressure Loss Please refer relevant professional information for detail bit selection on formation structure. Hereby it briefly describes bit selection for performance of drilling operation with screw drill. A: Except bit nozzle pressure loss, in order to avoid producing higher pressure loss while drilling fluid flowing through bit bottom, attention shall be specially paid to this matter when the nozzle pressure loss has reached the specified loss value of this kind drilling tool. This does not affect rock bit, but for the crown passage design of PDC bit. The problem shall be considered that passing fluid area may cause much extra loss, meanwhile to ensure prompt discharge of cuttings and bit cooling. B: Rock Bit : When this kind of bit is used with screw drill it is more appropriate to shorter drilling period, such as directional deflection and reentry etc. 上海奧森油田服務有限 公司 Shanghai Ocean Oilfield Service Co. Downhole Motor 9 C： PDC 鉆頭： PDC 鉆頭不僅適用于定向造斜，更適用于鉆井周期較長的作業(yè)，如打直井等。在較長周期的鉆井作業(yè)中，最重要的因素就是鉆頭與鉆具作為一個 整體，不要由于其中的哪一部分出了問題，而造成不必要的起下鉆。大家已熟知：復合片鉆頭較牙輪鉆頭壽命長，而且結構是整體的，具有很多優(yōu)點。 D：提高鉆具和鉆頭的使用壽命，也是一個重要因素。改善傳動軸的穩(wěn)定性，例如加穩(wěn)定器，對提高鉆具壽命發(fā)揮鉆頭性能是有幫助的?？紤]鉆頭金剛石的幾何尺寸、布置方位、鉆壓負荷與要求井下鉆具轉速高、鉆壓小的甚密關