【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 l and radial load from drilling weight. We have two types of drive shafts, as follows: 1) Bit nozzle pressure loss is Mpa, using hard alloy radial bearing and drive shaft assembly with thrust bearings ()。 2) Bit nozzle pressure loss is Mpa, using hard alloy radial bearing and PDC cutter flat thrust bearing. It has longer lasting life and higher bearing capacity. 上海奧森油田服務(wù)有限 公司 Shanghai Ocean Oilfield Service Co. Downhole Motor 7 4．螺桿鉆具型號(hào)說明 4. Model Number 例： 5LZ165 表示為轉(zhuǎn)子頭數(shù)與定子頭數(shù)比為 5﹕ 6 的、外徑為 ?165mm 螺桿鉆具，鉆頭水眼壓降為 。BH(渤海 )。 5．使用須知 5． 1 井場鉆井技術(shù)人員和司鉆必須了解鉆具的結(jié)構(gòu)原理和使用參數(shù)。按使用手冊的要求合理使用鉆具。 5． 2 根據(jù)整個(gè)井眼的鉆井作業(yè)計(jì)劃，由鉆井工程師根據(jù)任務(wù)結(jié)合地層結(jié)構(gòu)、井眼孔徑、深度、機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)速選定所用鉆頭與鉆具型號(hào)，決定水眼直徑和鉆具組合?，F(xiàn)場施工必須嚴(yán)格按制定的鉆井作業(yè)計(jì)劃執(zhí)行。 5． 3 對鉆井液的要求：螺桿鉆具的馬達(dá)為容積式，決定鉆具性能的因素是馬達(dá)的輸入流量和作用于兩端的壓力 降，而不是鉆井液的類型。鉆井液的物理化學(xué)性能除個(gè)別有損鉆具壽命外，一般不影響鉆具性能，應(yīng)注意考慮鉆井工藝的需要。但鉆井液所含的各 Example: It expresses: Ratio of the number of rotor ends and the number of stator ends is 5:6。 of Screw drill is ?165mm。 Bit nozzle pressure loss is Mpa。 BH is Bo Hai 5. Application Notices Site drilling technical persons and drillers shall know well screw drill structure principle and technical parameters, correctly apply screw drill in accordance with requirements specified in this manual. Drilling engineer shall make operation program upon the whole hole, and select the model of screw drill and bit to be used , determine nozzle size and screw drill bination according to formation edge structure, hole size, depth and mechanical speed . The determined drilling program shall be strictly carried out accordingly on the location. Drilling Fluid Requirement: Screw drill motor shall be volumetric. The key factor to screw drill property is motor inlet flow rate, and the pressure loss functioning onto both ends. But it is not the kind of drilling fluid. Physical and chemical property of drilling fluid, except the individual damage to screw drill running life, normally does not affect its property. 上海奧森油田服務(wù)有限 公司 Shanghai Ocean Oilfield Service Co. Downhole Motor 8 工藝的需要。但鉆井液所含的各 種硬顆粒必須予以限制，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)加速軸承、馬達(dá)的磨損而降低鉆具的使用壽命，建議固相含砂量不超過 1%（事實(shí)證明：若含砂量達(dá)到 5%，鉆具壽命會(huì)降低 50%）。同時(shí)注意鉆井液中不要混有各種氣體，因?yàn)榛煊袣?體的鉆井液在鉆具中壓力的變化下容易產(chǎn)生“氣蝕作用”，加速鉆具的損壞，尤其是定子橡膠更容易被氣蝕壞，必須予以足夠的重視。 5． 4 使用鉆頭的選擇：與螺桿鉆具一起使用的鉆頭在選擇上是十分重要的問題。因此螺桿鉆具是否能成功的發(fā)揮作用的幾個(gè)因素中，鉆頭與鉆具的匹配是最重要的，希望能引起現(xiàn)場使用人員的重視。選擇鉆頭與螺桿鉆具配套使用的因素應(yīng)是： （ 1） 鉆井方案及計(jì)劃； （ 2） 針對地層需要的刃部結(jié)構(gòu)； （ 3） 鉆井液流通通道的結(jié)構(gòu)； （ 4） 預(yù)先計(jì)劃的機(jī)械鉆速； （ 5） 使用該鉆頭，鉆具運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的時(shí)間估算： （ 6） 鉆頭水眼壓降的設(shè)計(jì)。 什么樣的地層結(jié)構(gòu)、地層 軟硬、使用哪類鉆頭、用什么樣的刃部設(shè)計(jì)，請參考有關(guān)鉆頭的專業(yè)資料，這里僅就使用螺桿鉆具完成各種鉆井作業(yè)，對鉆頭的選擇作些簡要說明。 A：除了鉆頭水眼造成的壓降外，要使鉆井液流經(jīng)鉆頭底部時(shí)別再形成其他較大的壓力損失，尤其是鉆頭水眼壓降已達(dá)到該型號(hào)鉆具規(guī)定的壓降值時(shí)更應(yīng)注意。這對牙輪鉆頭不必?fù)?dān)心，但是 PDC鉆頭冠部液體通道的設(shè)計(jì)，就必須考慮通道過流面積是否可能造成額外過多的壓力損失問題，同時(shí)并能保證巖屑及時(shí)排出及鉆頭冷卻需要。 B：牙輪鉆頭：這類鉆頭在螺桿鉆具配合使用時(shí)，更實(shí)用于鉆井周期不長的作業(yè)，如定向造斜、 側(cè)鉆等。 This shall be considered for the need of drilling process. However, the content of hard grains in mud stream must be limited since they can speed up wear of bearing and motor, may cause shortening screw drill running life. It is suggested that solid sand content should not be over 1%( actually when sand content is 5%, running life will be reduced by 50%). Also, take care, not let drilling fluid mixed with any gas , because the fluid with gas may easily cause ―Gas Erosion‖. It may speed up tool damage with change of pressure. In particular, the rubber on stator is more easily damaged by gas erosion. Enough attention shall be paid to this problem. Bit Selection: For bit selection, it is important to bine and match screw drill to be used. It relates to success of screw drill application. It is advised site operators shall take care of this matter. Application factors to bine bit with screw drill are as follows: (1) Drilling Plan and Program。 (2) Formation Edge Structure。 (3) Structure of Mud Flowing Channels。 (4) Determined Mechanical Drilling Speed。 (5) Estimation of Bit and Screw Drill Running Life。 (6) Design of Bit Nozzle Pressure Loss Please refer relevant professional information for detail bit selection on formation structure. Hereby it briefly describes bit selection for performance of drilling operation with screw drill. A: Except bit nozzle pressure loss, in order to avoid producing higher pressure loss while drilling fluid flowing through bit bottom, attention shall be specially paid to this matter when the nozzle pressure loss has reached the specified loss value of this kind drilling tool. This does not affect rock bit, but for the crown passage design of PDC bit. The problem shall be considered that passing fluid area may cause much extra loss, meanwhile to ensure prompt discharge of cuttings and bit cooling. B: Rock Bit : When this kind of bit is used with screw drill it is more appropriate to shorter drilling period, such as directional deflection and reentry etc. 上海奧森油田服務(wù)有限 公司 Shanghai Ocean Oilfield Service Co. Downhole Motor 9 C： PDC 鉆頭： PDC 鉆頭不僅適用于定向造斜，更適用于鉆井周期較長的作業(yè)，如打直井等。在較長周期的鉆井作業(yè)中，最重要的因素就是鉆頭與鉆具作為一個(gè) 整體，不要由于其中的哪一部分出了問題，而造成不必要的起下鉆。大家已熟知：復(fù)合片鉆頭較牙輪鉆頭壽命長，而且結(jié)構(gòu)是整體的，具有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 D：提高鉆具和鉆頭的使用壽命，也是一個(gè)重要因素。改善傳動(dòng)軸的穩(wěn)定性，例如加穩(wěn)定器，對提高鉆具壽命發(fā)揮鉆頭性能是有幫助的。考慮鉆頭金剛石的幾何尺寸、布置方位、鉆壓負(fù)荷與要求井下鉆具轉(zhuǎn)速高、鉆壓小的甚密關(guān)