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中考必備語法動詞的分類和時態(tài)(編輯修改稿)

2025-07-04 14:07 本頁面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ework. 她想知道你是否完成了作業(yè)?!裰骶溆眠^去完成時,before/when從句用一般過去時。It had stopped raining when I got up. 當(dāng)我起床的時候,雨已停了?!裰骶溆靡话氵^去時,after 從句用過去完成時。We had a good time after we had reached the top of the mountain.在我們爬上那個山頂后,我們玩得很高興。(四)常用動詞辨析1. bring, take, carry ,getbring “拿來””、”帶來”,向著說話者方向, take“拿走”,遠離說話者方向,carry是“帶著,搬運”,沒有方向, 而get“去取”,表示去了又回來了。如: Bring me the book, 。It looks like rain. Take a raincoat with ,請隨身帶著雨傘。The box is heavy. Can you carry it? 箱子很重,你能扛動嗎?Please go to my office to get some 。2. wear, put on, dressput on “穿上、戴上”,表示穿的動作,后接穿衣服、鞋、帽等;wear是“穿著、戴著”,強調(diào)穿的狀態(tài),后接衣服、鞋帽等; dress “穿著、打扮”它的賓語是人,不是衣服。如:He wears a raincoat even when it is ,也穿雨衣。It’s cold. You’d better put on your coat. 天很冷,你最好穿上雨衣。The boy is too young to dress himself. 那個男孩太小,不會自己穿衣服。 3. take, spend, pay, costtake指做某事用多少時間,常用句式是It takes sb. some time to do sth.,真正的主語是to do sth.。 spend的主語是人,常用句式是spend + money/time + on something/ (in) doing sth.;pay的主語也是人,常用句式是pay money for sth. 。cost的主語是物,常用句式是cost sb. some money. 如:It took me three days to finish the ,花費了我三天。 =I spent three days finishing the work. She spent more than 500 yuan on the 。=She paid more than 500 yuan for the coat. =The coat cost her more than 500 yuan. 4. reach, get, arrivereach是及物動詞,后面要直接跟表示地點的名詞作賓語。get是不及動詞,常與to連用,再接名詞,后面接表示地點的副詞時,不用to,get to常用于口語中。arrive是不及物動詞,表示到達一個小地方時,用arrive at, 到達一個大地方時用arrive in。 We reached the top of the mountain at 。When we got to the cinema, the film had ,電影已開始了。The foreigners will arrive in Shanghai 。5. look, see, watch, readlook 看,表示看的動作,look at;see 看見,表結(jié)果;也可說看電影see a film;watch 觀看比賽、演出、電視等。read看書報雜志等文字材料。如:Please don’t look out of the 。I looked, but I saw nothing. 我看了,但是沒有看見什么。I saw them lying on the beach. 我看見他們正躺在沙灘上。My father is reading newspaper 。6. look for, find, find out, look after, take care of, look over, look forward tolook for 尋找,表過程;find發(fā)現(xiàn),找到,表結(jié)果;find out 找出,查明。如:I looked for my lost pen everywhere, but couldn’t find it anywhere.我到處找我丟失的鋼筆,但是哪里也沒有找到。look after, take care of 均表示“照看,照顧”;look over 檢查身體等;look forward to盼望……,期待……。如:She looks forward to going to visit her grandparents in Dalian 她期望去拜訪在大連的祖父母。7. say, speak, talk, tell  say接說話的內(nèi)容,作及物動詞。say sth to sb. 對某人說某事。speak強調(diào)說話的能力或方式,常指能說某種語言,打電話時常用它表示說話,也有“演講”的意思,不強調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容。talk多者之間的交談。tell一般用tell sb. (to do) sth. 如:Did you say goodbye to your parents?你和你的父母道別了嗎?He will speak at the meeting 。They are talking about their friends 。The policeman told us not to play football in the 。8. listen to, hear, hear of, hear fromlisten to 聽……,表示聽的動作。hear 聽見,聽到。表示結(jié)果。hear of 聽說,表示間接聽見,hear from收到某人的信息或來信。如:   I listened carefully, but I couldn’t hear ,但是沒有聽見什么?! ave you heard of this news? 你聽說過這個新聞了嗎?I heard from my friend in Australia last 。9. borrow, lend, keepborrow指其邏輯主語從別處或別人那里“借來”東西,常與介詞from連用。lend指其邏輯主語將東西“借出、借給”別人,常與介詞to連用。keep表示“保存”,與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。如: You can borrow books from the 。Could you lend me some money? 你可以借給我些錢嗎?I have kept the book for 3 ?!∷?、思維誤區(qū)警示(一) 一般現(xiàn)在時【例題解析】1.(連云港)-Mum, _______ shall we have lunch? -We will have it when your dad_________.  A. when。 returns B. where。 returns C. where。 will return D. when。 will return  答案:A。when在后半句中表示當(dāng)、時候,狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來情況,根據(jù)后半句應(yīng)該是問時間的,第一空用時間疑問詞when.2.(南通)-Tomorrow will be Father’s Day. What will you do for your father?   - I will say “I love you, Daddy” as soon as he _______ up.  A. will wake B. is waking C. wakes D. woke   答案:C。as soon as一……就……,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。從句中一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的情況?! ?.(宿遷)Our teacher said light________ faster than sound.    A. travelled B. has travelled C. is travelling D. travels   答案:D?!肮獗嚷曇魝鞑ニ俣瓤臁笆强茖W(xué)真理,在間接引語中一般現(xiàn)在時保持不變?! ?. (揚州)-Let’s go fishing if it _______ this weekend.   -But nobody knows if it_______.A. is fine, will rain B. will be fine, rains C. is fine, rains D. will be fine, will rain   答案:A。前半句中if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來;后半句if的意思是是否,引導(dǎo)賓語從句,周末下不下雨是未來的事情,用一般將來時?!疽族e知識點解析】 一般現(xiàn)在時,學(xué)生經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的錯誤是:1. be動詞與行為動詞同時出現(xiàn)在句子中。在英語中,be是表狀態(tài),do是表動作,兩種動詞不能同時出現(xiàn)在句子中。3. 在句式變換時易出錯,當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,變?yōu)榉穸ɑ蛞蓡枙r,添加does后,后接動詞原形。可記住如下口訣:見助動,用原形。do是一個比較難理解的詞,是助動詞,無實義;是行為動詞“做,干”。 5. 對主語的數(shù)判斷有誤。(二)現(xiàn)在進行時【例題解析】1.(鎮(zhèn)江)-Where’s your mother, Helen?   -She________ the
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