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被修飾詞語之前,否則會造成錯誤。如:他幾乎工作了一整天。正:He worked almost all day.誤:He almost worked all day.我們當中幾乎每一個人都讀過這本書。正:Almost every one of us read the book.誤:Every one of us almost read the book.2. almost 可用于 any 以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定詞之前,但 nearly 一般不這樣用。如:Almost any man can do it. 幾乎任何人都會做。Almost no one came to the party. 幾乎沒有人來參加晚會。I almost never see her. 我?guī)缀鯊奈匆娺^她。但是,兩者都可用在否定動詞之前。如:He almost [nearly] didn’t catch the bus. 他差點沒趕上公共汽車。3. nearly 前可用 very, pretty, not 等詞修飾,但 almost 之前不能用這些詞。如:It’s not nearly so difficult as you `象的那么難。The car is pretty nearly new. 這汽車幾乎是全新的。注:not nearly 意為“遠非”, very [pretty] nearly 意為“幾乎”,都是習語。4. 有時 almost 可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同),此時不用 nearly。如:I almost wish I’d stayed at home. 我真有點后悔沒在家里呆著。Our cat understand everything — he’s almost human. 我們這只貓什么都懂—— 快通人性了。the+1. 復數(shù)性“the+形容詞”表示一類具有某種特征或特性的人時,通常表示復數(shù)意義,若用作主語,謂語要用復數(shù)。如:The rich get richer and the poor get poorer. 富者愈富,貧者愈貧。The injured were carried away on stretchers. 用擔架把受傷的人抬走了。The old are more likely to catch cold than the young. 老年人比年輕人更容易感冒。2. 單數(shù)性“the+形容詞”若表示抽象概念,則表示單數(shù)意義,用作主語時,謂語要用單數(shù)。如:He doesn’t know the right from the wrong. 他不辨是非。The unknown is always something to be feared. 未知的東西總是一種令人害怕的東西。The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true. 美未必是善,善未必是真。3. 單復性有個別的“the+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)既表示單數(shù)意義,也表示復數(shù)意義,若用作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)還是復數(shù)需視情況而定。如:the good 指“好人”時表復數(shù)意義,指“善”時表單數(shù)意義;the accused 指一名被告時表單數(shù)意義,指多名被告時表復數(shù)意義。比較:The accused was acquitted of the charge. 被告被宣告無罪。(指一人)The accused were acquitted of the charge. 被告均被宣告無罪。(指多人)4. 習慣性(1) 有的表達帶有一定的習慣性,如“病人”習慣說成 the sick,而不說 the ill。(2) 這類結(jié)構(gòu)習慣上不用于’s 所有格形式,若語義需要,可考慮用 of 所有格。如:正:He is interested in the problems of the poor. 他對窮人的問題感興趣。誤:He is interested in the poor’s problems“the+形容詞”用法小結(jié)1. the + 形容詞——表示某一類型的人He set up a school for the deaf and the dumb. 他創(chuàng)建了一所聾啞學校。He stole from the rich to give to the poor. 他偷富人的東西去接濟窮人。Those of us who