【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 put up，set up，build，found(1)put up表示“建造，搭建”時(shí)，指高于地平面以上的建筑物，即“搭起，豎起，掛起”之意時(shí)，同set up。(2)set up還表示“建立，成立”，常與表組織、機(jī)構(gòu)、團(tuán)體之意的詞連用，這時(shí)相當(dāng)于found。(3)build意為“建造，建設(shè)，建立”，是最普通的用語，常指建造大的東西，可接具體或抽象的名詞。(4)found指建立、成立機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等。此意同set up，但found更強(qiáng)調(diào)打基礎(chǔ)，表示基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)成立?！　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　w納拓展(1)put up還有以下含義：①舉起，抬起(raise)He put up his hand to catch the teacher’s attention.他舉起手以引起老師的注意。②掛起，張貼(反義短語take down)A new notice has been put up on the board.木板上張貼了一張新通知。③住宿，留宿Will you put me up for the night?今晚能留我住下嗎？注意：代詞作賓語放在短語中間。(2)和put搭配的常用短語：put away把……收起來put off延期put forward提前；提出put down寫下，記下；放下；鎮(zhèn)壓put out撲滅(大火)put back放回原處put on上映，上演；穿上(安徽高考)Don’t be so discouraged. If you such feelings，you will do better next time.11. Now we are leaving the business district and approaching the ，向港口靠近。approach v．(向……)靠近，接近，臨近；，接近；途徑；方法approach be easy of approach (人)容易接近；(地方)容易到達(dá)an approach to...通路，入口；對(duì)問題的入門(學(xué)習(xí)方法)at one’s approach某人一接近易混辨析way，method，approach，means這四個(gè)詞都有“方法”之意，但其所接詞不同：way of sth./to do sth.method of (doing) sth.approach to sth.means of (doing) sth.　(1)(湖北高考)At the meeting they discussed three different (approach)to the study of mathematics.(2)Winter vacation is (approach).I can’t wait to go back home.第四部分 其他部分語言知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. Number of adults in employment成年人的就業(yè)數(shù)量employment n．就業(yè)employ employer n．雇主，老板e(cuò)mployee n．受雇者，雇員unemployed ；沒有工作的be employed in doing ，忙于(做某事)2. Would you like to be on the mittee when you are older？你年紀(jì)大些時(shí)愿意為居委會(huì)工作嗎？would like意思是“想，愿意”，是表達(dá)主語意愿的委婉用語，后接名詞、代詞或不定式作賓語，也可表達(dá)would like do sth.。 歸納拓展(1)would/should like/love to＋have done “本愿意做某事，但實(shí)際卻沒有做”，是對(duì)過去意愿的一種虛擬。(2)feel like意思同would like，但like是介詞，因此后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞?？梢杂糜诳隙ň洹⒎穸ň浜鸵蓡柧淙N句式中。I feel like (take) a you like (join) me?3. I hope he pays me back next 。pay back歸還；報(bào)答，回報(bào)pay ……而付給某人錢pay off付清，還清(債務(wù))pay out(為某事)付出大筆款項(xiàng)pay for...為(買的東西)付錢pay for...為(買的東西)付錢After three years’ hard work，they had at last paid their debts.4. It’s been very successful，so 。so far此處表示時(shí)間，意為“到目前為止”，與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。也可表示“到某一點(diǎn)、距離、程度為止”。歸納拓展as far as和……一樣遠(yuǎn)as/so far as I know/see據(jù)我所知/看來so far，so good到目前為止情況不錯(cuò)up to now直到現(xiàn)在 完型小練So far they how much it to build such a big house.A．haven’t worked out；pays for B．haven’t worked out；costsC．hadn’t worked out；spent D．didn’t work out；spent5. Cities are exciting，interesting places to live...城市是令人興奮且有趣的居住地……to live 作后置定語修飾名詞places。不定式作后置定語，與所修飾的名詞之間是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此不定式應(yīng)用及物動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式，不及物動(dòng)詞要搭配相應(yīng)介詞。to live in 修飾places，介詞in在口語中常省略。She refused to go to the ball because she had no jewellery to wear.她沒有任何首飾可佩戴，因此拒絕參加舞會(huì)。They had only a little room to live in.他們只有一間小屋子可以居住。歸納拓展(1)“主語＋be＋adj.＋不定式”表示“某人/物做起來……”，其中不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語，也使用及物動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式，不及物動(dòng)詞搭配相應(yīng)介詞。(2)若不定式和賓語是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且不定式和主語間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，則不定式用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)。I have nothing to say on this 。This chair looks hard，in fact it is very fortable to sit .6. There are museums，cinemas，theatres，art galleries，parks，coffee bars，clubs and many other places where people can meet and exchange 、電影院、劇院、藝術(shù)館、公園、咖啡廳、俱樂部，還有很多人們可以會(huì)面而且交換意見的地方。exchange v. amp。 n. 交換，互換；交易所exchange...for...以……交換……exchange...with... 和……交換……in exchange (for) 和……交換7. But there are times when I need the peace and quiet of the 。句中when I need the peace and quiet of the countryside是定語從句，修飾先行詞times，when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。 歸納拓展定語從句所修飾的先行詞是時(shí)間名詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞要根據(jù)定語從句中所缺的成分確定。定語從句中缺主語或賓語，使用關(guān)系代詞that，which；定語從句中缺時(shí)間狀語，使用關(guān)系副詞when。We live in an age when many things are done on puter.我們生活在一個(gè)可以用電腦處理許多事的年代。(1)There was a time I hated to go to school.(2)Anyway，that evening， I’ll tell you more about later，I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. 8. I love cities，but there are times when I need to get out into the countryside and get away from the noise，the dirt and the ，但有時(shí)我需要離開城市走入鄉(xiāng)村，擺脫噪音、灰塵和人群。get away from從……(地方)走開，離開；擺脫掉get back恢復(fù)get down to著手干run away逃離，突然從……跑開be away from離開(延續(xù)，常代替go away，leave與一段時(shí)間狀語連用)take away from...從……處帶走/奪走keep away from...與……保持距離/不接近break away from脫離，擺脫，掙脫get sth./……送走，移走get away with僥幸(做成)，被輕易放過不受處罰get close to靠近9. A great many things means a lot of 。a great many大量的，許多，很多A great many of the flowers are white.那些花大多是白色的。A great many of them will take the exam.他們中有許多人要參加這次考試。注意：a great many后一般不用of，但后接代詞或所修飾的