【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 are the reasons for the change?◆ Any other question concerning this play you want to put forward and explain. Wele to speak your mind! III. Shakespeare the poet1. His sonnet (a general introduction about all 154 sonnets): Sonnet XVIIIPrereading task:1. To contrast the tone of the 1st and 2nd stanza with the one of the 3rd, try to find the difference.2. What are denotation of such images as “summer’s day”, “buds of May” and “rough wind”?Notes:? thee: you? Summer’s day: warmth and beauty (best season for Shakespeare)? Thou art: you are? Temperate: mild? Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May: beauty is shortlived.? And every fair from fair sometimes decline (a inverted line): And every fair sometimes decline from fair. ? By chance, or nature’s changing course untrimm’d (a inverted line): untrimm’d By chance, or nature’s changing course. Trim: dressQuestions and task for sonnet 181. Consider the relationship among four stanzas to identify the special poetic pattern of Shakespearian sonnet.2. what is the theme of this sonnet? Edmund SpenserI. Spenser the man1. born of a poor merchant’s family。2. Educated at Merchant Tailor’s schoolIn this school, a teacher with humanism conveyed the idea of education as follows: “It’s not a mind, nor a body, that we have to educate, but a man, we can not divide him”.3. Studying in Cambridge University, he was under the influence of Platonism (one aspect: the inner beauty is more important than the beauty of appearance.) This may be found in his poetry。 and he also got much influence from Phillip Sidney, this influence is of importance for his creation of sonnet.II. Spenser the poet (mainly his poem)1. Amoretti (愛情小唱)：a sequence of 88 poems, in which sonnet 54 and sonnet 75 are most famous. Prereading Questions for sonnet 54:1. What is the tone of this poem?2. Who is the speaker?3. Could you describe the changes of the speaker’s inner world, esp. his emotional changes? Sonnet 54Of this worlds theatre in which we stay,My love like the spectator ydly sitsBeholding me that all the pageants play,Disguysing diversly my troubled wits.Sometimes I joy when glad occasion fitsAnd mask in myrth lyke to a edy:Sonne after when my joy to sorrow flits,I wane and make my woes a tragedy.Yet she, beholding me with constant eye,Delights not in my mirth nor rues my smart:But when I laugh she mocks, and when I cry She laughs and hardens evermore her heart.What then can move her? If nor merth nor mone,She is no woman, but a sencelesse stone.Question for discussion: What is the theme of this sonnet?Sonnet 75One day I wrote her name upon the strand,But came the waves and washed it away:Agayne I wrote it with a second hand, But came the tyde, and made my payne his pray. “Vayne man,” sayd she, “that doest in vaine assay,A mortall thing so to immortalize,For I my selve shall lyke to this decay,And eek my name bee wyped out lykewize.”“Not so,” quod I, “ let baser things devize,To dy in dust, but you shall live by fame:My verse your vertues rare shall eternize,And in the heavens wryte your glorious name, Where whenas death shall all the world subdew,Our love shall live, and later life renew.”Questions for sonnet 751. What are the connotations of such images in this sonnet as “wave”, “name” and “heaven”?Could you find some instances of parison the poet used in this poem?2. In this sonnet, Spenser conveyed the idea of “our love shall live, and later life renew.” But, how can “our love live, and later life renew”?3. What is the theme of this sonnet?Connotation of some images in this sonnet:wavenameheavennaturehuman beingPoem (literature))man’s willPowerful, cruel and mercilessfragile and weak, small and tinypersi