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3.問長(zhǎng)相、人品。 How does he look? 問該人長(zhǎng)相 What does he look like? 問該人長(zhǎng)相 What is he like? 問該人怎樣 What does he like? 問該人喜歡什么 4. while 的具體用法和注意事項(xiàng)。 1) 在 …期間內(nèi) : 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句(復(fù)合句),用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 have been away from Shanghai while he was in Beijing. 2) 而 : 用于并列句,可作對(duì)比、強(qiáng)調(diào) “同時(shí) ”,前后時(shí)態(tài)一致 was doing my homework while he was playing puter. 5. used 的用法 過去常做: used to(不定式 )do 習(xí)慣于做某事: be used to(prep.)doing 被用來 …: be used to(不定式 )do/ for doing 6.表示時(shí)期 in one?s fifties 在某人 50 幾歲時(shí) in the 1980s 在 80 年代 7.表示被動(dòng) : be(根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)而變 )+done **只有及物動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)式。 question was raised by him. 8.表最后 in the end 除了表最后還可表示對(duì)未來的預(yù)計(jì) at last 多指經(jīng)過主觀努力 finally 表次序最后,不含感情色彩較客觀 eventually 側(cè)重于動(dòng)作或行為的結(jié)果,也表最后 9.表示 “也 ” 句末: ...as well./...,too. 句中: also/either/as well as(和 …一樣為 /連詞,一起 ) 10.特殊動(dòng)詞 1)加 to do agree/fail/hope/wish/manage/plan/promise/refuse/seem/want/decide/offer to do sth. 2)加 doing enjoy/finish/admit/deny/consider/practice/go/suggest/mind doing sth. 3)加 to do 和 doing 含義不同的 try to do 努力做 某事 ; try doing 試著做某事; fet/remember…to do 忘記 /記得 去做某事 ;fet/remember…doing 忘記 /記得 做過某事; stop to do 停下 來 去做 (另一件事) ; stop doing 停止做 (眼前的 事 ) ; go on to do 停下并繼續(xù)去做另一件事 ; go on doing 不停做某事; help to do 幫助做某事 ; cannot help doing 忍不住做某事 11.反意疑問句 What...!/How...! 祈使句用 Will you...? home now,will you? **特例: Let?s用 Shall we..? 12.表 “是否 ” 用 whether 和 if 的賓語從句 : 表達(dá)效果相同 有 .....or not 的時(shí)候只能用 whether,不能用 if。 wondered whether (or not) he would go (or not). 13.從句中的謂語 (如量詞,動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)等) 1)謂語與 B 一致 Neither A nor B Either A or B Not only A but also B Not A but B 2)謂語與 A 一致 A as well as B A (together)with B 3)謂語用復(fù)數(shù) ...(both) A and B 14.本身帶有否定意義的詞 hardly、 seldom、 rarely、 never、 few、 little 15. “的 ”固定搭配 1) 用 to: the answer/key/reply to this question the entrance to the building the notes to the text the solution to the problem 2) 用 for: the ticket for the film 16.不加 the 有特殊含義的 go to school/hospital/prison 上學(xué)、去醫(yī)院、坐牢 17. some+time 的組合 some time 一段時(shí)間 some times 幾次 sometimes 偶爾 sometime 表示某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間 18.不可數(shù)名詞加形容詞用作 “ 可數(shù) ” a long history, a nice supper/breakfast/lunch, a great success a good time, a happy life, a great joy, a 5hour sleep 19. ly 意義抽象化的 wide寬廣地 widely廣泛地 high高地 highly高度地 deep深入地 deeply深度 地 close親密地 closely接近地 20.不帶 to 的不定式 let/make/have/hear/see + sb. + do 21. 表達(dá)“我的觀點(diǎn)”:我以為 /認(rèn)為 /相信 I think/suppose/believe... 1)需否定前移 . He isn?t a student. I don?t think he is a student. 2)主語為第一人稱 時(shí),反意疑問句跟從句一致 don39。t think he is a good boy,is he? 22.特殊疑問句中的不定式 除了由 Why 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句要用 Why(not)do...? 其余的都用 to do: to do ; where to go 23.賓補(bǔ)后的 prep. 當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語是 不定式 (to do)結(jié)構(gòu) 時(shí),若 do 不可以與句子中的賓語連用時(shí),必須加 介詞 。 I need is a pen to write with. 賓補(bǔ)是 to write,賓語是 pen,不能講 write a pen,因此要加介詞 with. 24. It 代替不定式短語作形式主語時(shí)的 prep. It is + adj. + of/for + sb. to do sth. 當(dāng)上句中的 ,介詞用 of;其余用for 25. none 的具體用法 1) none of 表示某范圍中一個(gè)也沒有 2) None 對(duì) How many/much 的回答 26.到達(dá)的幾種用法 get(vi.) to arrive(vi.) in(大的地方 )/at(小的地方 ) reach(vt.) **單獨(dú)使用 “到達(dá) ”用 arrive: . I was on the way when he arrived. 27.表 “除了 ” 1) 同類: except 除了 ... all went to the cinema except him. besides 除此之外,還 ... subject do you learn besides English? 2) 不同類: except for 除了 ...之外 article is perfect except for a spelling mistake. but 除了 ...(名詞或代詞、不定式 ) eats nothing but fruit. 28.表 “參加 ” join 加入組織并成為一員 join(sb.) + in + sth./doing sth. attend 出席 enter for 報(bào)名參加 take part in 參與、參加 29.賓語從句要點(diǎn) 1)賓語從句前后時(shí)態(tài)一致,且從句為陳述句語序 wondered why he was late. **某些特殊句型不需要變語序(換言之本身就是陳述句語序) you tell me what?s the matter/wrong with you? 2)從句跟真理時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)不變。 told me that there is 365 days in a year. 3) Could 翻譯為 “能夠 ”的時(shí)候,表語氣誠懇,不一定是過去式。 Could you tell me whether he is here or not? (時(shí)態(tài)) 變形 lielaylain 躺下 laylaidlaid 放 lieliedlied 說謊 hanghunghung 掛 hanghangedhanged 吊起 二、語法 重點(diǎn) 整理 : 1. Here、 there 等前面 不加介詞 : be/ take + here/ there 2. by... 到 ...為止 by+過去的一點(diǎn)時(shí)間 用 過去完成式 had read three books by the end of the summer holiday. by now 用 現(xiàn)在完成式 has read three books by now. 3. 獨(dú)一無二的職業(yè)作表語、同位語、補(bǔ)語省略 “the” Bush is president of the USA. 作表語 Bush,president of America,is.... 作同位語 Americans elected Bush to be president. 作補(bǔ)語 4. as...as... is as clever as I. not so/as...as... isn?t as/so clever as I. 5.時(shí)間、距離、金錢不管多少都用作單數(shù) 6. far farther(距離遠(yuǎn) )/further(程度 ) farthest 7.形容詞最高級(jí)加 “the”,副詞最高級(jí)可不加 8.過去分詞作定語表被動(dòng) boy who is called Jack... 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表主動(dòng) waitress lying the table... 9. 基數(shù)詞 + 單 n.+ ,不可作表語 twoyearold girl is called Jane. 10. need doing = need to be done 某事有待(需要)完成。 11. the police、 the people 始終用作復(fù)數(shù) class、 family 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí)用作單數(shù);強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)用作復(fù)數(shù) 12.征求意見 “你認(rèn)為 ..怎樣 ?” What do you think of ...?/How do you like ...? 13.最高級(jí) + 序數(shù)詞 + 不定式 first one to arrive 14. so as (not) to 不能用于句首 ( to、 in order to 可以) 15. like 解釋好像時(shí)作 prep.,因此不能跟句子 16.以 f 結(jié)尾的名詞多數(shù)改 v+es,如 knives、 loaves **特例: roofs、 proofs 17. I + find/think + it...句中 be 動(dòng)詞可省略 find/think it (is) difficult to learn English. 18. quite/very + 原級(jí) **不能與 enough 連用 ....quite big enough for me to.... 19. too...to 結(jié)構(gòu) 中,當(dāng)主句主語作從句中賓語時(shí),介詞必須省略 bag is too heavy to carry. 三 、重要詞組 按動(dòng)詞分: 1. take: take in 吸收 take part in 參加 take place 發(fā)生 take out 拿走 take off 脫下 2. go: go off 響起 go out 熄滅 go over 復(fù)習(xí)