中級(jí)程序員軟件設(shè)計(jì)師真題整理(編輯修改稿)
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【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 anguage (UML) has been the industry standard for visualizing, specifying, constructing, and documenting the（95）of a softwareintensive system. As the（96）standard modeling language, the UML facilitates munication and reduces confusion among project（97）. The recent standardization of UML has further extended the language39。s scope and viability. Its inherent expressiveness allows users to（98）everything from enterprise information systems and distributed Webbased applications to realtime embedded systems.The UML is not limited to modeling software. In fact, it is expressive enough to model（99）systems, such as workflow in the legal system, the structure and behavior of a patient healthcare system, software engineering in aircraft bat systems, and the design of hardware.To understand the UML, you need to form a conceptual model of the language, and this requires learning three major elements: the UML39。s basic building blocks, the rules that dictate how those building blocks may be put together, and some mon mechanisms that apply throughout the UML.（95）A. real B. legal C. de facto D. illegal（96）A. investors B. developers C. designers D. stakeholders（97）A. model B. code C. test D. modify（98）A. nonhardware B. nonsoftware C. hardware D. software（99）A. classes B. ponents C. sequences D. artifactsl The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is a software engineering process, which captures many of best practices in modern software development. The notions of （100） and scenarios have been proven to be an excellent way to capture function requirements. RUP can be described in two dimensions – time and content. In the time dimension, the software lifecycle is broken into cycles. Each cycle is divided into four consecutive （101） which is concluded with a welldefined （102） and can be further broken down into （103） – a plete development loop resulting in a release of an executable product, a subset of the final product under development, which grows incrementally to bee the final system. The content structure refers to the disciplines, which group （104） logically by nature.（100）A. artifacts B. usecases C. actors D. workers（101）A. orientations B. views C. aspects D. phases（102）A. milestone B. endmark C. measure D. criteria（103）A. rounds B. loops C. iterations D. circularities（104）A. functions B. workflows C. actions D. activitiesl It should go without saying that the focus of UML is modeling. However, what that means, exactly, can be an openended question.（105）is a means to capture ideas, relationships, decisions, and requirements in a welldefined notation that can be applied to many different domains. Modeling not only means different things to different people, but also it can use different pieces of UML depending on what you are trying to convey. In general, a UML model is made up of one or more（106）. A diagram graphically represents things, and the relationships between these things. These（107）can be representations of realworld objects,pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is mon for an individual thing to show up on multiple diagrams。 each diagram represents a particular interest, or view, of the thing being modeled. UML divides diagrams into two categories: structural diagrams and behavioral diagrams.（208）are used to capture the physical organization of the things in your system, ., how one object relates to another.（109）focus on the behavior of elements in a system. For example, you can use behavioral diagrams to capture requirements, operations, and internal state changes for elements.（105）A. Programming B. Analyzing C. Designing D. Modeling（106）A. views B. diagrams C. user views D. structure pictures（107）A. things B. pictures C. languages D. diagrams（108）A. Activity diagrams B. Usecase diagrams C. Structural diagrams D. Behavioral diagrams（109）A. Activity diagrams B. Usecase diagrams C. Struc
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